• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.335-343
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• 2005

The Methodology of burnup calculation with EPMA test set up in this study. The spent fuel from PWR nuclear power plant was used as specimen. This $UO_2$ fuel with $3.2\%$ of enrichment had been irradiated up to 35,000 MWd/MTU(reference data). The burnup is very important factor for nuclear fuel to estimate all fuel behaviors in reactor. To measure amounts of fission products and actinides for the burnup calcualation, chemical analysis (destructive method) has been used but it mattes long experimental time and second radio-wastes. In this study, EPMA test was available to measure amount of fission products. Neodymium is able to be detected and quantified. It can be compared with the results from chemical analysis and ORIGEN-2 code calculation. Concentration of Nd from EPMA test showed good agreement with result of ORIGEN-2 code in the same burnup.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.113-119
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• 2005

The Methodology of burnup calculation with EPMA test set up in this study. The spent fuel from PWR nuclear power plant was used as specimen. This $UO_2$ fuel with 3.2% of enrichment had been irradiated up to 35,000 MWd/MTU. The burnup is very important factor for nuclear fuel to estimate all fuel behaviors in reactor. To measure amounts of fission products and actinides for the burnup calcualation, destructive method analysis has been used but it makes long experimental time and second radio-wastes. In this study, EPMA test was available to measure amount of fission products. Neodymium is able to be detected and quantified. It can be compared with the results from chemical analysis and ORIGEN-2 code calculation. Concentration of Nd from EPMA test showed good agreement with result of ORIGEN-2 code in the same burnup.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.149-157
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• 1998

An analysis has been performed to estimate the additional number of workers and the additional collective dose in man-cSv which would be required, nuclear industry-wide as a result of reducing individual dose limit. This analysis can be extended to the reduction in the dose limits recommended by ICRP Publ.60 and BEIR V report as well as the proposed dose limits by regulatory authorities. An industry-wide database was employed in the analysis based on a summary of industry-wide occupational radiation exposure compiled by the Korea Radioisotope Association. Correlation model was employed to compute the affects of setting specific annual individual dose limits. In this study, we have addressed worker non-productivity while in the radiation environment on a parametric or 'sensitivity analysis' basis. This alleviates the need for developing such data underlying a summation of many individual tasks at many nuclear facilities. It has the advantage that very low non-productivity assumptions can readily be defended as conservative, in that it is difficult to approach such low worker non-productivity factors even in the best of environments in any industry. On a per facility basis, for calendar year 1997, the number of workers required would be increased from 231 workers to 269 workers and collective man-cSv dose would be also increased by approximately fourteen percent if the individual dose limit was reduced to 2 cSv/y and an individual worker non-productivity fraction of 0.1 is assumed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.98-105
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• 2013

This paper presents a finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) simulation and a data processing technique for radar sensing of the internal structure of a wall using an ultra-wide band antenna. We first designed an ultra-wide band anti-podal vivaldi antenna with a frequency range of 0.3~7 GHz which is chosen to be relatively low after considering the characteristics of wave attenuation, wall penetration, and range resolution. In this study the two-dimensional FDTD technique was used to simulate a wall-penetration-radar experiment under practical conditions. The next, the measured radiation pattern of the practical antenna is considered as an equivalent source in the FDTD simulation, and the reflection data of a concrete wall and targets are obtained by using the simulation. Then, a data processing technique has been applied to the FDTD reflection data to get a radar image for remote sensing of the internal structure of the wall. We compared the two different source excitations in the FDTD simulation; (1) commonly-used isotropic point sources and (2) polynomial curve fitting sources of the measured radiation pattern. As a result, when we apply the measured antenna pattern into the FDTD simulation, we could obtain about 2.5 dB higher signal to noise level than using a plane wave incidence with isotropic sources.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.189-194
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• 2012

Measurement of compositions and somatic cells in raw milk by chemical methods usually requires a lot of time, skilled labor and expensive analytical equipments. Recently, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), which is a rapid, cost-effective and non-destructive technique, has been extensively used for safety and quality evaluation in the field of dairy products. However, less study has been performed to evaluate the effect of transmitted light on milk quality during NIRS analysis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the changes in milk quality using transmitted light. Raw milk samples collected from dairy farm from Siga prefecture in Japan were analyzed for fat, protein, lactose, solids not fat, total solids, milk urea and citric acid using the Milko scan 4000. Somatic cells in raw milk samples were counted by the Fossomatic 5000. Transmittance spectra of 50 ml raw milk samples were obtained by the Lax-Cute lighter in the 400 nm or less, 689 nm, 773 nm, 900 nm and 979 nm. As a result, milk fat as well as somatic cell count was increased by 2.6% and 9.0%, respectively. The other compositions were, however, changed within the relative error of the measurement. Further studies are needed to apply raw milk quality evaluation using the UV band by accumulating more samples and more data.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.5_1
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• pp.1199-1206
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• 2021

Accordingly, attention is also being paid to the agricultural use of remote sensing technique that non-destructively and continuously detects the growth and physiological status of crops. However, when remote sensing techniques are used for crop monitoring, it is possible to continuously monitor the abnormality of crops in real time. For this, standard growth information of crops is required and relative growth considering the cultivation environment must be identified. With the relationship between GDD (Growing Degree Days), which is the cumulative temperature related to crop growth obtained from ideal cultivation management, and the vegetation index as standard growth information, compared with the vegetation index observed with the spectralreflectance sensor(SRS_NDVI & SRS_PRI) in each rice paddy treated with standard cultivation management and non-fertilized, it was quantitatively identified as a time series. In the future, it is necessary to accumulate a database targeting various climatic conditions and varieties in the standard cultivation management area to establish a more reliable standard growth information.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.92-111
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• 2011

This study focus on the restoration stone selection of break-out part based on material characteristics analysis and the conservational safety diagnosis using various nondestructive techniques for Jungdong and Banjukdong Stone Auariums. As a result, the original rocks of the stone aquariums body are porphyritic granodiorite with magnetite-series having igneous lineation, microcline phenocryst, veinlet and basic xenolith. As a result of the provenance presumption of the host rock, a rock around Gamgokri area in Nonsan City was identified the genetically same rock. Therefore, the rock is appropriate for restoration materials of the break-out part. The deterioration assessment showed that the stone aquariums were highly serious scaling, scale off and blackening. Particularly, the front face of Banjukdong stone aquarium needs reinforcement of structural crack (760mm) caused from igneous lineation of biotite. Blackening contaminants on the stone aquariums surface occurred by combining iron oxide, manganese oxide and clay mineral. Also, major factors of efflorescence contaminants were identified as calcite (Jungdong stone aquariums) and gypsum (Banjukdong stone aquariums). The physical characteristics of stone aquariums appeared that the original and new stone is third (moderately weathered) and second grade (slightly weathered), respectively. This study sets up an integrated conservation system from material analysis to restoration stone selection and conservational safety diagnosis of Jungdong and Banjukdong stone aquariums.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.4-17
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• 2011

The Baekje's cotton fabrics were excavated from 'Neungsan-ri temple site in Buyeo' (September 1999-April 2000) and stored at Buyeo National Museum after conservation treatment. In this study, it carred out non-destructive, chemical and morphological analysis for fiber identification, also considered on influx, features and difference between the 'Baek-cheop-po(Three kingdom period's cotton fiber)' and 'Mok-myeon(imported by Munikjeom, late Korea dynasty)'. As a result, the fiber proved cellulose fiber through analytical researches like color reaction, FT-IR(chemical analysis). It was also confirmed lumens, typical dimensional structure(morphological analysis) as an features of cotton fiber. The fiber was the first evidence in ancient Korea's cotton. But it can not prove that whether weaving were made in Baekje's area. However there were documentation that people in Beakje make cloth to silk fabric from 'Mahan period'. We can suppose that they have had an old weaving techniques. This study has a great historical, academic values as the only evidence for the hypothesis of a weaving technique of the Baekje's cotton. Through comparison to each region's ancient cottons, we can investigate the species of Baekje's cotton and ancient Korea cotton's influx.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.498-505
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• 2020

Aggregate occupies about 70-85% of the concrete volume and is an important factor in reducing the drying shrinkage of concrete. However, when constructing high-rise buildings, it acts as a problem due to the high load of natural aggregates. If the load becomes large during the construction of a high-rise building, creep may occur and the ground may be eroded. Material costs increase and there are financial problems. In order to reduce the load on concrete, we are working to reduce the weight of aggregates. However, artificial lightweight aggregates affect the interface between the aggregate and the paste due to its higher absorption rate and lower adhesion strength than natural aggregates, affecting the overall strength of concrete. Therefore, in this study, in order to grasp the interface between natural aggregate and lightweight aggregate by type, we adopted a method of measuring electrical resistance using an EIS measuring device, which is a non-destructive test, and lightweight bone. The change in the state of the interface was tested on the outside of the material through a blast furnace slag coating. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the electric resistance was about 90% lower than that in the air-dried state through the electrolyte immersion, and the electric resistance differs depending on the type of aggregate and the presence or absence of coating. As a result of the experiment, the difference in compressive strength depending on the type of aggregate and the presence or absence of coating was shown, and the difference in impedance value and phase angle for each type of lightweight aggregate was shown.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.341-353
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• 2022

Pipelines are buried in urban area, and the position (depth and orientation) of buried pipeline should be clearly identified before ground excavation. Although various geophysical methods can be used to detect the buried pipeline, it is not easy to identify the exact information of pipeline due to heterogeneous ground condition. Among various non-destructive geo-exploration methods, ground penetration radar (GPR) can explore the ground subsurface rapidly with relatively low cost compared to other exploration methods. However, the exploration data obtained from GPR requires considerable experiences because interpretation is not intuitive. Recently, researches on automated detection technology for GPR data using deep learning have been conducted. However, the lack of GPR data which is essential for training makes it difficult to build up the reliable detection model. To overcome this problem, we conducted a preliminary study to improve the performance of the detection model using finite difference time domain (FDTD)-based numerical analysis. Firstly, numerical analysis was performed with homogeneous soil media having single permittivity. In case of heterogeneous ground, numerical analysis was performed considering the ground heterogeneity using fractal technique. Secondly, deep learning was carried out using convolutional neural network. Detection Model-A is trained with data set obtained from homogeneous ground. And, detection Model-B is trained with data set obtained from homogeneous ground and heterogeneous ground. As a result, it is found that the detection Model-B which is trained including heterogeneous ground shows better performance than detection Model-A. It indicates the ground heterogeneity should be considered to increase the performance of automated detection model for GPR exploration.