• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.273-278
• /
• 2006

Effects of dietary fat and tomato on immune functions were investigated using BALB/c mice. Sixty male BALB/c mice weighing 16-17g were divided into two dietary groups. Control group was fed experimental chow (AIN-76 purified diet) supplemented with saturated fat (beef tallow) and unsaturated fat (safflower oil) at 5% level (weight basis), while treatment group was fed chow added with 0.5% (dry matter basis) of tomato (moisture content 95%) for 10 weeks. Organ weights, delayed-type hypersensitivity test, plaque-forming cell test, agglutination test, differential white cell count, and histological examination were performed at 4th, 7th, and 10th week after dietary treatment. Weight of spleen and spleen index of tomato group increased with increasing experimental period. Thymus index of tomato group was significantly higher than that of control group at 7 and 10 weeks (p<0.05). In delayed hypersensitivity test at 4th, 7th, and 10th week after dietary treatment, tomato group showed more significant increase in footpad swelling reaction 24 hr after challenge than control group (p<0.05). In plaque-forming cell test, tomato group fed 7 weeks increased more significantly than control group, while no significant difference was found between two groups at 10 weeks. Agglutination test decreased with increasing experimental period; tomato group at 10 weeks was higher than control group in antibody response to SRBC. In tomato group, Iympocyte percentage was slightly higher than that of control group, and spleen tissue showed active immune reaction caused by severe proliferation of white pulp.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.66
• /
• pp.402-407
• /
• 2023

The regulation of platelet aggregation is crucial for maintaining normal hemostasis, but abnormal or excessive platelet aggregation can contribute to cardiovascular disorders such as stroke, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. Therefore, identifying substances that can control or suppress platelet aggregation is a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of these conditions. Artemisinin, a compound derived from Artemisia or Scopolia plants, has shown potential in various areas such as anticancer and Alzheimer's disease research. However, the specific role and mechanisms by which artemisinin influences platelet activation and thrombus formation are not yet fully understood. This study investigated the effects of artemisinin on platelet activation and thrombus formation. As a result, cAMP production were increased significantly by artemisinin, as well as phosphorylated VASP and IP₃R which are substrates to cAMP-dependent kinase by artemisinin in a significant manner. The Ca²⁺ normally mobilized from the dense tubular system was inhibited due to IP₃R phosphorylation from artemisinin, and phosphorylated VASP by artemisinin aided in inhibiting platelet activity via αIIb/β3 platelet membrane inactivation and inhibiting fibrinogen binding. Finally, artemisinin inhibited thrombin-induced thrombus formation. Therefore, we suggest that artemisinin has importance with cardiovascular diseases stemming from the abnormal platelets activation and thrombus formation by acting as an effective prophylactic and therapeutic agent.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.15-25
• /
• 1982

It was undertake to investigate the factors involved in the micro thrombus formation in the plasma from the patients with cerebrovascular disease(CVD) and the in vitro actions of sodium nitroprusside on the platelet aggregate formation. 1) The microthrombus formation in the plasma from CVD was significantly enhanced, in comparison with that from the healthy volunteers. 2) Both lipid peroxide and cathepsin D in the plasma from CVD were higher than those levels from the healthy volunteers. 3) Whereas the platelets from healthy individuals showed less aggregation activity in response to ADP in the second phase those from CVD revealed the enhanced aggregating response to ADP. 4) When the bovine basilar artery, rabbit aorta and human umbilical artery were pretreated with $K^+-free$ PSS, ouabain, 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid(13-HPLA) and cadmium they markedly enhanced the platelet aggregability respectively. 5) Platelet aggregation induced by $K^+-free$ PSS-treated bovine basilar artery was decreased by sodium nitroprusside in a dose-dependent manner, but not by either hydralazine. 6) Both dibutyryl cyclic AMP and 8-bromo cyclic GMP had the inhibitory action on the platelet aggregation. However, the latter had more prominent action than former. The antiaggregating effect by sodium nitroprusside was antagonized by pretreatment with methylene blue, but not by hemoglobin. These results provide the evidences for the therapeutic use of sodium nitroprusside in the emergency of cerebrovascular disease and in remains the further study of the clinical therapy with it.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.456-462
• /
• 2015

We investigated the effects of fermented Sargassum thunbergii (FST) on platelet aggregation and serum lipid levels in rats made obese by a high fat diet. Six-week-old male SD-rats were randomly assigned to four groups as CON, HF-CON induced by high fat diet (HF), ST supplemented with HF (HFST100), and the fermented ST supplemented with HF group (HF-FST100). After 6 weeks, the results showed that the final weight and weight gain had decreased in the HF- FST100 group compared to the HF-CON group. Also, the food efficiency ratio was significantly reduced in the HF-FST100 group compared to HF-CON. The organ weights other than heart and spleen were significantly lower in the HF-FST100 group than in the HF-CON group. The levels of serum GOT and GPT significantly decreased in the HF-FST100 group over the HF-CON group. In addition, the total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels were lower in the HF-FST100 group than in HF-CON, while the HDL-cholesterol level was higher in the HF-FST100. The ability of platelet aggregation of groups supplemented with FST was lower than the HF-CON group. These results suggest that FST may be beneficial in improving lipid profile and platelet aggregation in obesity.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.198-211
• /
• 2015

The following research was done to develop a low calorie muffin that has good taste, as well as nutritional benefit. This was done through adding various nutritional qualities of Makgeolli Lees to muffins. It was found that adding Makgeolli Lees substantially increased the amount of ash, crude protein, crude fiber, and moisture. However, it decreased the amount of crude fat. It was also found that the volume, height, and weight all increased with a lower baking loss rate. Other testing on the hardness, expand chewiness, gumminess, and cohesiveness of the muffins with different amounts of Makgeolli Lees found that more Makgeolli Lees led to a lower hardness and chewiness. However, it did not affect the gumminess. "MLM10" with 10 g of added Makgeolli Lees had a cohesiveness that was significantly different from other samples. The cohesiveness of the other samples was substantially lower. "L-value", or lightness, as well as yellowness, decreased as more Makgeolli Lees was added. On the other hand, "a-value", or redness, increased as more Makgeolli Lees was added. A sensory test proved that Makgeolli Lees added muffins were not preferred over the control group in its color, texture, and overall preference, but was evaluated as "good". However, the Makgeolli Lees added muffins were evaluated better than the control group in the categories of "expanded", "uniformity", and "he size of the pores". Therefore, creating muffins by using Makgeolli Lees instead of fat was proven to be possible, and furthermore proved to be a viable substitute.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.183-191
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to discover the effects of Reality Therapy group program on leadership life skills, sociality, and classroom unity of elementary school children. The objects of this research are the 34 elementary school children at the K elementary school in the S area of Kyunggi-do, and randomly divided into two groups. Scientific methods are employed to test a Reality Therapy group program as a treatment for elementary school children to increase their level of leadership life skills, sociality, and classroom unity. For this study, one experimental group and one control group, composed of 34 students in total, are organized and treatment is conducted on these groups. The SPSS 12.0 statstics program is employed to analyze the questionnaires of both-test. Mann-Whitney U and Multiple Linear Regression test are used to analyze the result in order to verify the differences between experienced group and controlled group of pre-test scores within the groups. First, the statistics show a difference in leadership life skills factors(p<.001) between the experimental group and the control group. The Reality Therapy group program is a significant predictor of the leadership life skills. These statistics prove that experimental group has higher leadership life skills than the other group. Second, the statistics show a difference in sociality factors(p<.01) between the experimental group and the control group. The Reality Therapy group program is a significant predictor of the sociality. These statistics prove that experimental group have higher positive sociality than the other group. Third, the statistics show a difference in classroom unity factors(p<.001) between the experimental group and the control group. The Reality Therapy group program is a significant predictor of the classroom unity. These statistics prove that experimental group have higher positive classroom unity than the other group.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2010.11a
• /
• pp.115-116
• /
• 2010

광역상수도의 경우 수자원공사 및 지방상수도 사업자들에 의해 전문적으로 수질을 관리하고 음용수를 보급하고 있으나 소규모 수도시설의 경우 전문능력을 갖춘 관리자가 아닌 마을의 대표자가 맡아 관리함에 따라 안정성 및 유지관리의 어려움이 자주 제기되고 있다.[1] 또한 소규모 수도시설의 경우 취수원으로 지하수나 계곡수를 이용하여 여과나 염소소독을 거쳐 음용수로 이용함에 따라 중금속 및 무기이온 등 각종 오염물질이 효과적으로 제거되지 않아 이를 사용하는 주민들이 불편함을 겪고 있는 실정이다. 환경부의 법정 수질 검사에 따르면 부적합 판정을 받은 곳의 대부분은 마을상수도와 소규모 급수시설인 것으로 나타났으며 초과 항목으로는 무기이온 중 특히 불소와 질산성질소 인 것으로 나타났다.[2] 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 기존의 고도 정수처리 시설인 막여과, 오존처리, 활성탄 흡착 공정 등을[3-5] 적용하고 있으나 소규모 수도시설에 적용하기에는 유지관리, 규모, 경제적 측면 등 여러 한계점을 지니고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방안으로 전기응집기술을 이용하여 음용수 수질기준을 초과하는 무기이온 중 불소와 질산성 질소를 제거하고자 하였다. 전기응집기술은 제거효율이 높고, 운전이 용이하며 부가적인 화학약품의 첨가가 불필요하다.[6,7] 또한 기존의 고도정수처리 기술에 비해 전기응집 공정은 처리효율과 경제적인 측면 모두를 만족시키고 있어 소규모 수도시설의 불소와 질산성질소를 효과적으로 제거할 수 있는 방안으로 판단된다. 본 연구에 사용된 실험장치는 직류전원공급장치 (DC power supply), 반응조, 전극으로 구성되어 있다. 직류전원공급장치는 최대전압 30 Volt, 최대 전류 30 Amper 까지 조절 가능하였으며 반응조의 크기는 14.5cm(w) ${\times}$ 9cm(L) ${\times}$ 22cm(H) 이고 실용적 1.5L이다. 반응조의 상부에는 전극이 고정될 수 있도록 0.5cm 간격의 홈을 만들어 제작 하였다. 전극은 가용성 전극인 알루미늄 (Al), 스테인레스스틸(SUS304)를 이용하였다. 이를 통해 전류밀도, 전극간격 등의 변수를 두어 최적의 전기응집 운전 조건을 파악하였으며 이는 소규모 수도시설의 수질개선 향상에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.82-90
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate in situ soil flushing and coagulation for naphtalenes-contaminated soil remediation. Mixed-surfactant of 1% POE12 and 1% SDS (1 : 1 by volume basis) was used as a flushing solution. When 5 pore volumes of mixed -surfactant were added to soil column, the flushing efficiencies of 2-methylnaphtalene and 1,5-dimethylnaphtalene with about 1,500 mg/kg(dry soil) were approximately 80% and 60% respectively. In adding 13 pore volumes of mixed-surfactant, the flushing efficiencies of 2-methylnaphtalene and 1,5-dimethylnaphtalene were 90% and 82%. However, considering in situ soil flushing with distilled water, about 42% and 71% were flushed for 2-methylnaphtalene and 1,5-dimethylnaphtalene by surfactant-only. For about 10,000 mg/kg(dry soil) diesel-contaminated soil, 40% and 70% of TPH were flushed-out in 5 pore volumes and 13 pore volumes addition. However, for naphtalenes in diesel TPH, 90% of flushing efficiency was discovered in adding only 5 pore volumes of flushing solution. There was not discovered significant difference among coagulation efficiencies of 6 kinds of polymers, and the coagulation efficiencies were near 50%.

• Membrane Journal
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.12-23
• /
• 2013

On the subject of river bed water in Seomjin river, it had accomplished the verifying experiment of membrane filtration pilot plant for evaluating the applicability of its process throughout the prediction of membrane fouling as a function of the pore size of membrane and the determination of optimum coagulant dosage. On the result of the experiment for the evaluation of the membrane fouling as a function of the pore size, a increasing rate of irreversible resistance of membrane pore size $0.1{\mu}m$ and $0.01{\mu}m$ was measured each $0.44{\times}10^{12}/m^2$ and $0.42{\times}10^{12}/m^2$, respectively. And on the result of Flux-test, it showed that the optimum coagulant dosage was measured lower than the it of the Jar-test. The result to be operated in a condition of a permeate flux $1.0{\sim}1.5m^3/m^2{\cdot}day$ without coagulation and a permeate flux $1.0{\sim}2.0m^3/m^2{\cdot}day$ with coagulation was maintained at stable trans-membrane pressure (TMP) value for 6 months up to. Therefore it showed that the stable operation without the coagulation was possible on permeate flux $1.0{\sim}1.5m^3/m^2{\cdot}day$ in the operation of membrane filtration process.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.32 no.9
• /
• pp.729-733
• /
• 2022

Aggregation of normally soluble proteins can cause disease-related problems. Tryptophan synthase α-subunit (αTS) in E. coli adopts one of most popular structural scaffolds, the TIM barrel fold. Previous mutagenesis of the αTS gene resulted in many aggregation-prone mutant proteins. Here, Y173F (Tyr at residue 173 to Phe) substitution, which imparts increased stability, was tested for its ability to suppress aggregation of aggregation-prone mutant proteins (Y4C, S33L, P28L, P28S, G44S, D46N, P96L, and P96S). Aggregation was suppressed in all eight severe aggregate-forming mutants (all differing in their mutation positions), by the Y173F replacement. P28L αTS, which was available in pure form, was further analyzed and showed reduced secondary structure content, lower stability, and a looser structure with more exposed hydrophobic surface compared to the wild type protein. A double mutant P28L/Y173F protein showed almost no indication of these changes compared to the wild type protein. We hypothesized that Tyr at position 173 in αTS is positioned at the hydrophobic core and may serve to suppress the aggregation of this protein caused by other residues. Important residue (s) could be working widely in the prevention/suppression of protein aggregation.