• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.250-260
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• 2013

The purposes of this study were 1) to investigate eating behaviors and patterns in breast cancer patients using a newly developed food frequency questionnaire and 2) to examine perception and use of nutritional information about breast cancer treatment among cancer patients treated with radiation therapy. Sixty breast cancer patients (case group) undergoing radiation therapy in Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, South Korea and 79 healthy women (control group) participated in this study. Mean age of subjects in the control group was $46.00{\pm}7.88$ years and BMI was $23.12{\pm}2.85kg/m^2$, and that of the case group was $50.06{\pm}11.64$ years and $22.32{\pm}3.24kg/m^2$. The results of eating behaviors showed several significant differences between control and case groups. Breast cancer patients ate meals on a more regular basis, on time, and more frequently compared to control subjects. In addition, they preferred more salty or spicy and bland food compared to healthy women. According to answers from the food frequency questionnaire, breast cancer patients consumed significantly lower amounts of boiled white rice, meats and processed food, fish and shellfish, coffee, milk, and cheese, whereas they consumed a significantly large amount of boiled multigrain rice, vegetable, seaweeds, soybean and processed food, and yoghurt compared to healthy women. This study also observed the way in which cancer patients and healthy control subjects obtain information about breast cancer treatment and its reliabilities. Results showed that healthy women did not hesitate to obtain information from mass media, while breast cancer patients would obtain nutritional information from specialists rather than mass media. Results of this survey confirmed that breast cancer patients avoided intake of red meat protein, even though they already recognized the importance of dietary protein intake for recuperation and treatment of the disease. These results could be used for future diet and nutrition guidelines for breast cancer patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.586-600
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• 2018

The purpose of this study attempted to collect basic data for development of an integrated self-management program for cancer survivors who completed cancer treatment. Self-management programs are divided into symptom management and physical activity management. Symptom management includes fatigue, sleep disturbance, pain, depression and anxiety. PubMed, CINAHL and EMBASE were used for searching guidelines. Based on the guideline quality evaluation, the final 8 guidelines were analyzed. The structured table was used to extract the screening subjects, timing, contents, subjects for comprehensive assessment and contents, and summarized contents related to the physical activity and exercise in non-pharmacological approach. As a result, after the completion of cancer treatment, all cancer survivors should be screened regularly using reliable and validated tools. In the case of fatigue, physical activity was recommended as the primary intervention, but it was recommended for other symptoms as adjuvant therapy. Therefore, Cancer survivors should be encouraged to be active in their physical activity, and maintain the moderate intensity physical activity as long as they have no complication related to the cancer treatment. Motivation strategies for physical activity need to be developed and applied.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.379-385
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to present basic data that is needed in comprehension of dysesthesia after mandibular nerve injury and grasp meaning. We analyzed medical records of 59 patients who were diagnosed as dysesthesia after mandibular nerve injury from January 2007 to July 2009. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The most frequent cause was implant surgery (59%) and the most frequent injured branch of mandibular nerve was inferior alveolar nerve(81%). 2. The period passed after nerve injury showed significant interrelationship with level of pain. Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) increased from 4.82 to 6.91 after 6 month. 3. The period passed after nerve injury did not show significant interrelationship with recovery of dysesthesia. But, when conservative treatment was offered at earlier stage, ratio of patients who showed recovery of symptom tended to increase. 4. In computed tomography, level of invasion into inferior alveolar nerve canal did not show significant interrelationship with level of pain and recovery of dysesthesia. Conclusively, in the patients with dysesthesia of mandibular nerve, inferior alveolar nerve injury by dental implant surgery dominated most significant problem. Although level of invasion into inferior alveolar nerve is the most important factor to initiation of dysesthesia, there are other various factors exert more influence on the level of pain or recovery of dysesthesia. Therefore, begining conservative therapy at earlier stage is encouraged. Also, because nerve injuries can occur without direct invasion into nerve canal, so leaving enough safe space from nerve canal is needed for prevention of indirect nerve injury.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2003

동물과 사람의 연구에서 위장관 영양 인자는 위장관 점막이 점막손상으로부터의 회복에 중요하고 출생 후 경구 영양에 적응할 수 있게 하는 데에 중요하다. 경구적으로든 전신적으로 투여된 성장 인자들은 위장관의 성장과 발달을 촉진시킨다. 신생아 혈중의 영양인자들이 장관 세포의 수용체를 통해 작용하여 위장관의 성장을 조율한다. 위장관 영양인자들은 체내에서 합성될 수도 있고 모유를 통해 공급된다. 사람에서 출생 후 위장관이 장관영양에 신속히 적응할 수 있도록 위장관 영양 인자들이 중요한 작용을 한다. 모유 내의 성장 인자들이 신생아 생존에 필수적인 것들은 않아도 모유를 먹은 영아들이 조제분유를 먹은 영아들에 비하여 급성 설사, 괴사성 장염, 크론씨 병과 같은 위장관 질환의 위험율이 낮다. 위장관 영양 인자들의 대부분이 시판 조제분유에는 존재하지 않고 주로 모유에 존재함을 앎으로써 모유의 장점을 설명하는 데에 적용할 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 위장관 영양인자는 위장관 점막 손상된 경우 치료 목적으로 사용될 수 있는 여지가 높다. 이러한 임상적 이용은 특히 미숙아, 수술 후의 영아 등에서 적용될 수 있다. 그러나 향후 더욱 연구되어야 할 항목들로는 작용기전, 경구 및 정맥 투여 방법에 의한 효과의 차이, 체내 성장 인자들과의 상호 작용, 외부적 투여가 체내 인자에 대한 영향, 위장관 이외의 타 기관에 대한 영향, 그리고 안전성과 약물 역동학적인 특성 등이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.1315-1323
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of ibuprofen and indomethacin in the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants and to determine whether ibuprofen can be an alternative drug. Methods : A total of 32 preterm infants with symptomatic PDA were enrolled in the study. Twelve infants received intravenous ibuprofen 10 mg/kg, followed by 5 mg/kg after 24 and 48 hours. As a comparative group, twenty premature infants received three doses of indomethacin 0.1-0.2 mg/kg every 12 hours. Results : PDA was closed in 11 of 12 infants of the ibuprofen group (92 percent) and in 18 of 20 infants of the indomethacin group (90 percent). Serum sodium concentration decreased along with time significantly (P<0.0001) and to its lowest level at 48 hours after administration of the third dose (P=0.0011) in both groups, but showed no significant difference between two groups. Serum BUN and creatinine concentrations were not changed significantly before or after treatment in each group and showed no difference between thetwo groups. The amount of urine output did not change along with time significantly in both groups (P=0.0725), and showed no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion : Ibuprofen has similar effects to indomethacin in the rate of PDA closure and complication when compared. It has similar changes in serum sodium level and complications when compared to indomethacin for the treatment of PDA in preterm infants. Therefore, intravenous ibuprofen may be used as an alternative agent in the treatment of symptomatic PDA in preterm infants.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.48-56
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• 2016

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which neuronal loss causes cognitive decline and other neuropsychiatric problems. It can be diagnosed based on history, examination, and appropriate objective assessments, using standard criteria such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA). Brain imaging and biomarkers are making progress in the differential diagnoses among the different disorders. The cholinesterase inhibitors, donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors antagonist memantine are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for AD. Recently some acetylcholinesterase inhibitors gained approval for the treatment of severe AD and became available in a higher dose formulation or a patch formulation. Optimal care in AD is multifactorial and it should include early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care with pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions including exercise interventions, cognitive interventions and maintenance of social networks.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Objectives : This study is to evaluate the efficacy of aromatherapy, relaxation therapy and exercise therapy on depression. Methods : Survey of on nonpharmacotherapies on depression - related articles was done through online paper databases from 1998 to 2010 published in Korean journals. Results : 1. We found 30 articles from 1998 to 2010 published in Korean journals: Aromatherapy(16), Relaxation therapy(6) and Exercise therapy(8). 2. 14 of the 16 articles on aromatherapy reported that aromatherapy was effective in the decrease of depression. 3. 5 of the 6 articles on relaxation therapy reported that relaxation therapy was effective in the decrease of depression. 4. 6 of the 8 articles on exercise therapy reported that exercise therapy was effective in the decrease of depression. Conclusions : In this study, it seems that aromatherapy, relaxation therapy and exercise therapy were effective on reducing depression.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.164-171
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• 2019

Radiation therapy has many side effects, such as digestive mucosal ulcers, without regard to its efficacy. The purpose of this study is to address an alternative method to replace the limitation of radiation therapy using radiomimetic microbial ribotoxins. In the evaluation of cancer therapy, we analyzed the formation of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell spheroids, which can take into account the heterogeneous cellular constitution, tumor stem cells, and the surrounding microenvironment. Ribotoxic stress interfered with the spheroid structure composed of relatively small clusters. Spheroids under ribotoxic stress were structurally sparse and their shrinkage was very slow. In the control group, the clusters of strongly aggregated cells were resistant to physical stress, but the ribotoxic stress-exposed spheroids were easily broken up by the physical stress. Moreover, the ribosome-insulted CRC cells slowly migrated to form clusters and the cell-cell junctional points in the ribosome-insulted spheroids were rarer than those in the control CRC spheroid. Moreover, levels of the cell-to-cell junctional protein E-cadherin were suppressed by ribotoxic stress in both allograft and xenograft spheroids. In conclusion, the radiomimetic microbial ribotoxins induced structural defects in CRC cell spheroids via retardation of migration and cell-cell junction in the formation of three-dimensional structures, and provides a basis for the mechanism of pharmacological radiomimetic anticancer actions as an alternate to radiotherapy against cancer.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.188-193
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• 2019

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a commonly used and rapidly evolving non-invasive treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is important that understanding individual anatomical variants and planning for tumor-feeding artery access to acquire adequate treatment effectiveness. In this study, we will report acquired arteriovenous malformation which interferes with TACE for HCC. A 72-year-old man with persistent abdominal pain for 2 days visited our hospital. The patient was chronic hepatitis B carrier and had a history of HCC treated with conventional TACE 10 years ago. Hypervascular nodular HCC in the liver segment 8 and aberrant right hepatic artery from the superior mesenteric artery were detected on computed tomography (CT). When first TACE was performed, the tumor-feeding artery originating from the left hepatic artery was found and embolized. There was no tumor-feeding artery from the right hepatic artery but arteriovenous malformation was found. After a month, follow up CT showed necrotic lesion and residual HCC and we performed secondary TACE. On secondary TACE, we selected the right hepatic artery and passed through arteriovenous malformation. Superselective-angiogram showed remnant tumoral staining and remnant tumor was embolized using drug-eluting bead and Adriamycin. Final angiogram showed no remnant tumoral staining and the patient was discharged without complication. We found the rare case of arteriovenous malformation adjacent to HCC, and we performed superselective TACE beyond arteriovenous malformation to treat HCC.

• The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology
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• v.72 no.5
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• pp.271-273
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• 2018

내시경 시술 전 일시적으로 항응고제를 중단하는 것은 위장관 출혈의 위험과 혈전색전증의 위험 사이에 적절한 균형을 잡기 어렵기 때문에 논란의 여지가 많다. 와파린은 새로운 경구용 항응고제(direct oral anticoagulant agent, DOAC)보다 임상의에게 더 친숙하고, 효과를 쉽고 빠르게 전환시킬 수 있다는 장점이 있지만 복잡한 약역동학 특징과 좁은 치료적 범위 때문에 관리가 어렵다. 반면, DOAC는 약물의 모니터링 및 용량 조절 없이 정해진 용량으로 처방이 가능하며, 빠르게 작용하고, 반감기가 짧아 관리가 쉽지만 해독제가 없다는 단점이 있다. 이전 연구들에서 DOAC를 복용한 환자들은 와파린을 복용한 환자들보다 시술과 관련되지 않은 위장관 출혈의 위험이 높았다고 보고한 바 있다. 하지만 시술과 관련된 위장관 출혈 위험에 대하여는 알려진 바가 없는 실정이다. 미국이나 유럽 내시경 가이드라인들에서는 저위험 내시경 시술을 받는 환자들에서는 와파린과 DOAC를 유지하도록 권고하고 있으며, 고위험 시술의 경우에는 와파린를 사용하는 환자들에서 헤파린 교량 요법(heparin bridging)을 시행하도록 권고하고 있다. 임상적으로 DOAC를 사용하는 환자들 또한 혈전색전증을 예방하기 위하여 헤파린 교량 요법을 시행해볼 수 있는데, 와파린 및 DOAC의 헤파린 교량 요법과 관련된 출혈 및 혈전색전증 위험의 차이 또한 명확하지 않다. 따라서 저자들은 1) 와파린과 DOAC 치료를 받는 환자들에서의 출혈, 혈전색전증 및 사망의 위험을 비교하고자 하였으며, 2) 13종류의 고위험 내시경 시술 중에서 시술별 위험을 비교하고, 3) 헤파린 교량 요법이 합병증의 발생을 증가시키지 않는지 확인하고자 본 연구를 진행하였다. 일본 대규모 국가 입원 환자 데이터베이스를 이용하여 2014년 4월부터 2015년 5월까지 시술 전 와파린 또는 DOAC(rivaroxaban, apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban)를 복용하고, 13종류의 고위험 내시경 시술을 시행받은 20세 이상의 성인 환자 총 16,977명을 확인하였다. 고위험 시술은 용종 절제술, 내시경 점막절제술, 내시경 점막하박리술, 협착 부위의 풍선확장술, 내시경 지혈술, 내시경 정맥결찰술, 내시경 주사 경화요법, 내시경 괄약근절개술, 내시경 초음파 유도하 미세침 흡인 검사, 경피적 위루술을 포함하였다. 일대일 성향 점수 매칭 분석(propensity score matching, 나이, 성별, 체질량 지수, 기저 질환, 병원의 규모, 시술의 종류, 약물의 종류를 매칭)을 시행하여 와파린군과 DOAC군에서 시술 위장관 출혈 및 혈전색전증, 사망의 발생을 비교하였다. 또한 경구항혈전제와 헤파린 교량 치료 시행 유무에 따라, DOAC 단독군, 와파린 단독군, DOAC와 헤파린 교량 요법군, 와파린과 헤파린 교량요법군으로 나누어, 하위군(subgroup) 분석을 시행하였다. 5,046쌍이 성향 점수 매칭 분석에 포함되었으며, 와파린군에서 DOAC군보다 통계적으로 의미 있게 위장관 출혈의 비율이 높았다(12.0% vs. 9.9% p=0.02). 혈전색전증 발생률(5.4% vs. 4.7%)과 입원중 사망률(5.4% vs. 4.7%)은 양 군에서 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. DOAC 종류별로 나누어 하위군 분석을 시행하였을 때, 와파린군은 rivaroxaban군에 비하여 위장관 출혈의 비율이 높았으며, rivaroxaban군, dabigatran군에 비하여 혈전색전증의 비율이 높았고, 입원 중 사망률에서는 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 내시경 시술의 종류로 보정하였을 때 위장관 출혈 및 혈전색전증, 사망률은 DOAC 단독으로 치료한 환자에서보다 와파린과 헤파린 교량 요법(bridging) 또는 DOAC과 헤파린 교량 요법을 시행한 환자에서 높았다. 시술 종류 중에서는 위루관 삽입술에 비하여 내시경 점막하박리술, 내시경 점막절제술 및 내시경 정맥류결찰술, 내시경 주사경화요법을 시행한 환자에서 위장관 출혈의 위험이 가장 높았으며, 하부 내시경 점막절제술, 하부 용종 절제술, 내시경적 유두괄약근절제술 또는 내시경 초음파 유도하 미세침 흡인 검사는 중등도 위험을 보였다.