• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.199-207
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• 2001

Background: Septoplasty with turbinate surgery is common surgical treatment in patients with septal deviation and chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. The aim of this study was to evaluation objective outcomes of septoplasty with turbinate surgery by analysis of subjective symptom score with objective acoustic rhinometric test before and after surgery, prospectively. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 45 adult patients which were done septoplasty with bilateral turbinectomy or turbinoplasty and followed up at least 3 months by one rhinologist from November 1999 to April 2000, prospectively. We analyzed subjective symptom score, minimal cross-sectional area (MCA), C-notch cross-sectional area, and total volume of both nasal cavity before and after surgery. Correlation test was studied between symptom improvement and acoustic rhinometric results. Results: Twenty nine cases were male and sixteen cases female. The average age was 26.9 year-old (range: 17 to 57 years). There was significantly improvement of symptom score in postoperative 3 months (p<0.05). There was significantly increased C-notch cross-sectional area and total volume in postoperative 3 months. Symptoms improvement were associated with acoustic rhinometric profiles, but, there was not significantly correlation. Conclusion: Septoplasty with turbinate surgery is considered to be effective for nasal obstruction in patients with septal deviation and turbinate hypertrophy. Acoustic rhinometric test is favorable objective test for evaluation of symptom improvement after septal surgery.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.31-58
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• 2010

Using Seoul Welfare Panel Study, this research examines regional differentials in income and asset between Gangnam households and Non-Gangnam households in Seoul. Applying the Oaxaca decomposition method, it also decomposes factors associated with the differentials into explained and unexplained components. Results show that average monthly income is about 4 million won for Gangnam households and 3.2 million won for Non-Gangnam households. The explained component accounts for most of the income differential, which mainly originates from differences in the distributions of individual and household characteristics associated with the monthly income. The net asset differential between the two regions is much greater than the income differential. The net asset is about 460 million won for Gangnam households and approximately 280 million won for Non-Gangnam households. Most of the net asset differential is remained unexplained after controlling for covariates which measure demographic characteristics of householders and various features of labor market in which household members are employeed. It implies that other factors such as inter-generational transfers of wealth may play a significant role in creating the net asset differential.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.42-45
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• 2010

Inflammatory sinonasal disease was diagnosed in five dogs and two cats with clinical signs of nasal discharge and epistaxis. Survey radiography and CT were performed in all of patients. CT scan of the rostral cranium was performed with a thickness of 2 or 5 mm. Nasal cytology and culture from nasal smear were performed immediately after CT examination. Remarkable increase of opacity in the nasal cavities and frontal sinuses was observed in only 3 cases. On CT images, the cavitating lesions were isodense in nasal cavity (7 cases), frontal sinuses (3 cases), and nasopharynx (2 cases) with destruction of the nasal septum (4 cases), maxillary turbinates (5 cases), maxilla (3 cases), and hard palate (3 cases). The lesions were enhanced after intravenous contrast administration in 5 cases and were not enhanced in 2 cases. Inflammatory cells were observed in nasal cytology. Most of the cultures from nasal smear were bacteria. CT is useful to diagnose sinonasal disease and is more accurate in demonstrating the extent and character of lesions of nasal cavity than radiography.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.159-167
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety depending on the route of flumazenil, as an antagonist against midazolam. The subjects of this study were 15 volunteers of $22{\sim}24$ years old. They were sedated with midazolam 0.2mg/Kg intranasal spray, and then 40 minutes after midazolam administration, they were given flumazenil 0.2mg intranasal spray for their reversal. For evaluation of the efficacy and safety of intranasal spray for flumazenil, they were monitored with pulse-oxymeter(Nellcor symphony N-3000, Nellcor Puritan CO. USA) and electric sphygmomanometer (Heartcare 200, National CO. Japan), and were assessed themselves using visual analogue scale(VAS) for tranquilization, sleep, fatigue and attitude. All of these subjects were reduced completely without any undesired situations. The results from this study can be summarized as follows ; 1. Nasaly administered flumazenil using spray device produced much more rapid reduction than intravenously administered flumazenil, but soon after fell in more deep sedated state than intravenously administered flumazenil. 2. There were no considerable side effects or bad influence on vital signs of both nasaly administered flumazenil and intravenously administered flumazenil. These results suggested that the flumazenil administered nasaly using spray device for reversal, we could treat patients safely and effectively under conscious sedation using midazolam administration. But, We will have to research about its optimal dosages for flumazenil, used as intranasal spray for reversal agents against the midazolam by evaluating the blood plasma concentration of midazolam and flumazenil.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.700-707
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a non-rigid registration method of lung parenchyma in temporal chest CT scans using region binarization modeling and locally deformable model. To cope with intensity differences between CT scans, we segment the lung vessel and parenchyma in each scan and perform binarization modeling. Then, we match them without referring any intensity information. We globally align two lung surfaces. Then, locally deformable transformation model is developed for the subsequent non-rigid registration. Subtracted quantification results after non-rigid registration are visualized by pre-defined color map. Experimental results showed that proposed registration method correctly aligned lung parenchyma in the full inspiration and expiration CT images for ten patients. Our non-rigid lung registration method may be useful for the assessment of various lung diseases by providing intuitive color-coded information of quantification results about lung parenchyma.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.183-186
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• 2015

A four-year-old spayed female Maltese dog weighing 3 kg was referred with reverse sneezing and fourmonth history of unilateral nasal discharge. She was diagnosed as nasal transitional carcinoma which in bilateral nasal cavity and extending into the frontal sinus by biopsy with rhinoscopy. Metronomic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide ($12.5mg/m^2$) and toceranib phosphate (2.5 mg/kg) was initiated following after surgical treatment of nasal mass debulking. Clinical response was good and had no side effects during the chemotherapy period (11 months after diagnosis). This is a case report describing adjuvant metronomic chemotherapy in nasal transitional carcinoma in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 1978

돼지의 전염성위축성비염(傳染性萎縮性鼻炎)의 주요한 병원균(病原菌)이라고 생각되는 Bordetella bronchiseptica(이하(以下)B균(菌)) 자연감염돈분리유내균주(自然感染豚分離由來菌株)를 사용하여 mouse 비강내정착성(鼻腔內定着性)에 관(對)한 사균면역(死菌免疫)의 효과(效果)를 검토하고자, 먼저 상변리(相變異)에 따르는 균(菌)의 독역(毒力)과 감염방어성(感染防禦性)을 비교함과 동시에, I 상균불활화예방액(相菌不活化豫防液)의 면역원성(免疫原性)에 관(對)한 기초적인 검토를 실시하였고, 이에 계속하여 생균비강내접종(生菌鼻腔內接種)에 따르는 균(菌)의 정착성(定着性)과 혈중응집(血中凝集) 항체(抗體)의 경시적(經時的)인 추이(推移)를 검토하였다. 얻어진 성적을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. B균(菌) I 상균(相菌)(W-1029주(株))의 독역(毒力)은 III 상균(相菌)(H-969주(株))에 비하여 독역(毒力)이 강하였으며, I 상균(相菌)은 감염방어성(感染防禦性)을 보유하고 있었으나 III 상균(相菌)은 감염방어성(感染防禦性)이 전혀 없었다. 2. B균(菌) I 상균사균면역(相菌死菌免疫)에 있어서 formalin과 merthiolate 처리(處理) 및 불활화온도(不活化溫度)($0^{\circ}C$및 $37^{\circ}C$)간(間)에는 현저한 면역원성(免疫原性)의 차이는 인정할 수 없었다. 3. 사균면역(死菌免疫)을 실시한 mouse 군(群)에 생균(生菌)의 경비접종(經鼻接種)에 의하여 경시적(經時的)으로 균(菌)의 호흡기도내(呼吸氣道內)의 정착성(定着性)과 혈중응집항체가(血中凝集抗體價)의 추이(推移)를 보았던 바, 비면역대조군(非免疫對照群)에 비하여 면역군(免疫群)은 현저한 면역효과(免疫效果)를 나타내었으나, 면역군(免疫群)에서 간헐적(間歇的)인 배균(排菌)이 상당기간에 걸쳐 인정되었으며 또한 응집항체가(凝集抗體價)의 상승에 따르는 비강내정착균(鼻腔內定着菌)의 완전소실(完全消失)은 다소 곤난함이 인정되었다. 이상(以上)의 성적(成積)으로 B균사균항원(菌死菌抗原)을 사용하여 고도(高度)의 면역(免疫)을 시킴으로서 비강내(鼻腔內)에 있어서의 B균(菌)의 정착(定着)을 조지(阻止)할 수 있는 가능성(可能性)이 시사(示唆)되나 항체가(抗體價)의 상승(上昇)에 따르는 균(菌)이 비강내(鼻腔內)에서 완전 소실(消失)이 다소 곤난한 점은 본균(本菌)과 호흡기도점막감염(呼吸器道粘膜感染)의 실태(實態)를 시사(示唆)하는 것으로 보아진다.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.1687-1692
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• 2004

Airflow in the nasal cavity of a normal Korean adult is investigated experimentally by tomographic PIV measurement. Knowledge of airflow characteristics in nasal cavities is essential to understand the physiology and pathology aspects of nasal breathing. Several studies have utilized physical models of the healthy nasal cavity to investigate the relationship between nasal anatomy and airflow. All of these researches on nasal airflow are under the condition of constant flow-rate. In this study, nasal cavity flow with the physiological period is investigated by tomographic PIV, for the first time. A pumping system that can produce the periodic flow is created. Thanks to a new method for the model casting by a combination of the rapid prototyping and curing of clear silicone, a transparent rectangular box containing the complex nasal cavity can be made for PIV. The CBC PIV algorithm is used for analysis. Phase-averaged mean and RMS velocity distributions are obtained for inspirational and expiration nasal airflows. The comparison with the constant flow case is appreciated. There exist many flow patterns depending on each phase.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.4 s.71
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• pp.668-672
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• 2005

Nasal tumors have been reported frequently in dogs and nasal discharge has been the primary presenting complaint in nasal tumor patients. A 10-year-old 7 kg male mixed breed dog was presented to the animal hospital for evaluation of severe bloody nasal discharge. After physical examination, blood examination and X-ray examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was also conducted. Based on MRI nasal tumor which does not extend cranial vault was diagnosed. The nasal tumor was confirmed as adenosquamous cell carcinoma by histopathological examination after necropsy. The invasive characteristics of the neoplasm were documented by MRI. MRI was very valuable diagnostic tool for identifying extracranial and intracranial tumor invasion in a small animal.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.347-347
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• 1994

효소억제제와 투과촉진제를 첨가하지 않은 경우 비강, 직장 및 질점막을 통한 YAGH니 투과정도를 검토한 결과 donor측 잔존률이 경시적으로 급격히 감소하여 24시간후각각 7.04, 4.21 및 51.34％ 잔존하였다. 또한 receptor측으로의 투과량는 비강점막의 경우 8시간대에 3.9%의 투과율을 기점으로 다시 분해되었으며 직장 점막에서는 최대 0.72% 로 거의 검출되지 않았다. 질점막의 경우에는 24시간대에 1.8％의 투과에 머물렀다. 한편 혼합효소억제제로 TM가 EDTA를 양측 셀에 첨가한 조건에서는 첨가되지 않은 경우와 비교하여 donor측에서의 YAGFM이 서서히 감소됨과 동시에 receptor cell로의 투과량이 다소증대되었다. 더욱 양측 셀에 혼합효소억제제를 넣고 donor cell에 투과촉진제를 첨가한 경우 점막투과성을 현저히 증대시켰으며 LPC를 사용한 경우 효소억제제만을 사용한 경우와 비교하여 비강에서 3.6배, 직장에서 3.2배 및 4.1배 투과 flux를 증가시켰다.