• Journal of Labour Economics
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.1-34
• /
• 2008

This study estimates what fraction of the rise in household income inequality in Korean between 1996 and 2000 is accounted for by the change in each of the household income components, such as wages, employment, hours of work of household heads and spouses, household structure, and other incomes. The increased disparities of household heads' wages and labor supply explain, respectively, 70% and 34% of the rise in the difference in incomes between the top 10% and bottom 10% households. Changing labor supply of spouses, in contrast, was a strong countervailing force that diminished the measure of household income inequality by 21%.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.59 no.1
• /
• pp.199-221
• /
• 2007

This study examines the conditions and causes of income inequality and seeks assignments for mitigating income inequality. An analysis of the conditions and causes of income inequality is summarized as follows. First, income inequality, which rapidly increased after the economic crisis, increased and reduced repeatedly during 1999-2004, and remained a level in 2005 as high as that of the year directly after the economic crisis. Second, an analysis of the causes of income inequality by utilizing the long-term data(1985-2004) shows that unemployment rate, nonstandard employment rate, and the rising rate of land prices positively affect income inequality. Third, an analysis of the causes of income inequality by utilizing the data before and after the economic crisis(1995-2004) demonstrates that unemployment rate, nonstandard employment rate, and the workers' income ratio between large enterprises and small enterprises positively affect income inequality. Fourth, the rising rate of land prices which significantly affects income inequality in the data of 1985-2004 does not affect income equality in the data of 1995-2004, and the workers' income ratio between large enterprises and small enterprises which does not affect income inequality in the data of 1985-2004 significantly affect income equality in the data of 1995-2004. These results suggest several implications for mitigating income inequality. First, alternative plans to reduce unemployment rate must be prepared. Second, policies to reduce nonstandard employment rate should be established. Third, programs to stabilize or lower the land prices must be deliberated. Fourth, a master-plan to support small to medium enterprises must be carried out in order to reduce the wage differentials between large enterprises and small to medium enterprises.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.1-34
• /
• 2018

This paper attempts to provide a new theoretical approach and an empirical analysis based on it to interrogate the structure of household income inequality and its changes in South Korea in the 2010s. Previous research on inequality in sociology, labor economics and feminism has focused on local inequalities which derive from specific spaces of society. For a comprehensive understanding of social inequality in totality, it requires a discussion of global inequality beyond local inequalities. Thus, a synthetic approach that integrates local inequalities, encompassing class, the labor market, population, and family. By using regression-based inequality decomposition, we decompose the contribution of gender, level of education, employment status, occupation, household composition and wealth to household income inequality. This paper shows that household and wealth, as well as the factors discussed in the previous research, are significant factors affecting household income inequality in South Korea.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.65-84
• /
• 2010

The purpose of Inequality Index Decomposition is to know the cause of overall inequality through decomposing aggregate inequality index into relevant components. Previous studies have mostly focused on the absolute contribution meaning that how much each component possesses out of overall inequality. However it could be more important to know the marginal contribution and inequality effect of each component in order to implement policies reducing overall inequality effectively. For this, we decomposed Gini Coefficient as representative inequality index into income sources or social welfare programs and calculated each Gini Income Elasticity(GIE). Analysis result says that regular employee income and employer(or the self-employed) income, of which GIE are 1.205 and 1.867, are classified as inequality-increasing income source. GIE can be one of good methods to analyse the inequality effect of various income sources and social welfare programs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2021.01a
• /
• pp.121-122
• /
• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 Big Data를 활용하여 우리나라 아동학대에 영향을 미치는 경제적 불평등, 주거, 방임, 가정폭력 등의 생태체계적 요인을 규명하고자 한다. 이를 위해 Google 트랜드의 지난 5년간(2016.01.10.~ 2021.01.03.)의 경제적불평등-주거-방임-가정폭력-아동학대 등의 주제어 중심의 분석을 시도하였다. 분석결과, 경제적 불평등(B=.159, p<.05), 주거(B=.814, p<.01), 방임(B=.248, p<.001), 가정폭력(B=.151, p<.05)은 아동학대에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Labour Economics
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.23-51
• /
• 2015

This paper estimates the effect of household size and its changes on income inequality. Household formation is an important inequality-reducing mechanism through income pooling and collective consumption. The increase in small households, reflecting lower fertility rate and the increase in both nuclear and old families, has weakened the inequality-reducing effect of household formation. In contrast, additional workers in households and their income have strengthened the inequality-reducing effect of household formation. Given the increasing trend of old families, these results suggest for a balanced policy package that promotes employment and does not discourage co-habitation in order to maintain the inequality-reducing effect of household formation.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.36
• /
• pp.229-257
• /
• 1998

In order to evaluate the effects of high unemployment rates on the income distribution and to find out mediative factors to these effect, the relationship between unemployment and income inequality in the industrialized countries and determinants of their relationship are analysized in this paper. Major findings from the analysis are these. First, changing pattern of unemployment rates are not similiar that of income inequality in the industrialized countries. This result suggests that relationships between unemployment and income inequality are dissimiliar within the industrialized countries. Second, results from analysis about relevant factors' effect on the relationship between unemployment and income inequality, the effects of economic factors such as economic growth rates and the scale of economy are not significant. But variables such as union density rates and scale of social welfare expenditure are found to have significant effects on the relationship between unemployment and income inequality. In fact, when the policy factors enters, the negative distributional effects of unemployment are lower by 50%. These results impliy that dissmilarities between the industrialized countries in the 1980s' changing patterns of income inequality are engendered from the union density rates and scale of social welfare expenditure. These findings in this paper suggest such a implication to the Korea; In order to achieve the more deserable society, policy orientations which give the priority to the economy restructuring rather than development of social welfare have to be reexamined and modified.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.1445-1461
• /
• 2009

The primary purpose of this study is to find policy implications by examining the trends in income inequality of the Korean aged and factors contributing to these. For analysis, this study used the 2nd, 5th, 7th and 9th wave of 'Korean Labour and Income Panel Study'. The findings are as follows. First, total income inequality of the elderly rose greatly after 1998 and is decreasing after 2001. Secondly, the Gini coefficient decomposition by income sources shows that earned income was the factor most responsible for the income inequality of the elderly. But its influences of the elderly income inequality is gradually decreasing during analysing periods. Third, assets income and public pensions have a great effects on the elderly income inequality. They increases the income inequality of the elderly households. Forth, interfamily transfer income and public assistance income reduces income inequality of the elderly.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
• /
• v.21 no.2 s.30
• /
• pp.303-320
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop a tool which can be used in factor analysis of inequality on mathematics scholastic achievement. The objectives for study are as follows: First, we develop a model for 'factor analysis of inequality on mathematics scholastic achievement' transformed from Persell's 'A model for factor analysis of inequality on education'. Second, we analyze the inequality factors with the deviation index of objects on mathematics scholastic achievement that we have developed. The results of this study are as follows: We development a model for 'factor analysis of inequality on Mathematics' and inequality factors on mathematics scholastic achievement in secondary schools are private education, scholarships of parents, region, sex and school system. The factors most influenced in mathematics scholastic achievement are economic standings of household, scholarships of parents and private educations in order.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.64 no.2
• /
• pp.55-83
• /
• 2012

Self-employment rate is high in Korean labor market, while the income gap within self-employed is also high. Although, there are very few studies that addressed on the income inequality of self-employed. Thus, this study has measured the earnings inequality of self-employed by generalized entropy indices and decomposed inequality factor and trend. The empirical study is based on Korea Welfare Panel Study wave 1~4. The main result from this analysis is summarized in three points. Firstly, earnings inequality of self-employed is severely high and the earnings polarization within self-employed has become more serious in Korea. Secondly, this study provides the evidence that the main factor of earnings inequality of self-employed is the status of self-employment, education level, age group, workplace scale and industry. Thirdly, the contribution of relative changes in the incomes of the status of self-employment is the largest to the inequality trend. In terms of education level, age group and industry, the increase of inequality within group(pure effect) mainly attributes to the rise of earnings inequality of self-employed and the change effect of group composition contributes to deterioration of inequality.