• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.264-265
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• 2008

기존 영상감시 시스템의 물체 탐지 알고리즘은 주로 배경 모델링 기법을 기반으로 하고 있다. 이 기법은 차영상 기법보다는 성능이 뛰어나기는 하지만 여전히 정지 카메라에서만 활용이 가능하고, 주변 환경에 따라 알고리즘 상의 많은 임계값을 현재 상황에 맞춰 일일이 조절해 주어야 한다는 한계점이 있다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 배경모델링 기법을 사용하지 않고 입력되는 영상의 Color 정보를 이용하여 영상 내에 있는 여러 대상을 직접 판단하여 관심 있는 물체를 탐지하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 먼저 현재의 영상을 하나의 물체로 추정되는 영역이 하나의 영역으로 구분되어지게 간단하게 분할해낸다 그리고 나누어진 영역마다 대표 Color 값을 계산하여 미리 학습된 데이터를 기준으로 Support Vector Domain Description (SVDD) 알고리즘을 사용하여 구별해내고 그 결과를 바탕으로 영역이 무엇인지를 판별해낸다. 이 방법은 정지되어 있는 카메라뿐만 아니라 움직이는 카메라 상에서도 사용되어질 수 있으며 알고리즘 상에서 사용되는 임계값의 종류가 적기 때문에 많은 상황에서 일반적으로 쓰일 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.77-85
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an region segmentation and texture based feature extraction method which split the pavement and roadway from the camera which equipped to the visually impaired person during a walk. We perform the hough transformation method for detect the boundary between pavement and roadway, and devide the segmented region into 3-level according to perspective. Next step, split into pavement and roadway according to the extracted texture feature of segmented regions. Our walking assistance system use rotation-invariant LBP and GLCM texture features for compare the characteristic of pavement block with various pattern and uniformity roadway. Our proposed method show that can segment two regions with illumination invariant in day and night image, and split there regions rotation and occlution invariant in complexed outdoor image.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.695-699
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose an automatic prostate segmentation technique using image intensity and gradient information. Our method is composed of four steps. First, rays at regular intervals are generated. To minimize the effect of noise, the start and end positions of the ray are calculated. Second, the profiles on each ray are sorted based on the gradient. And priorities are applied to the sorted gradient in the profile. Third, boundary points are extracted by using gradient priority and intensity distribution. Finally, to reduce the error, the extracted boundary points are corrected by using B-spline interpolation. For accuracy evaluation, the average distance differences and overlapping region ratio between results of manual and automatic segmentations are calculated. As the experimental results, the average distance difference error and standard deviation were 1.09mm $\pm0.20mm$. And the overlapping region ratio was 92%.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.22-25
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 키보드나 마우스와 같은 인풋 디바이스 없이 손동작만으로 컴퓨터를 조작할 수 있는 차세대 인터페이스인 에어 인터페이스를 구현하였다. 이 시스템 구현을 위해 먼저 적외선 카메라와 적외선 LED를 사용하였고, 또한 적외선의 전반사의 원리를 이용하였다. 이를 통해 획득된 적외선 영상은 다양한 영상처리 기술을 통해 손 영역을 분할, 검출하게 되고, 검출된 정보를 이용하여 다양한 메타포를 구현 하였으며, 최종적으로 개별적인 제어 이벤트에 각각 맵핑되어 컴퓨터를 제어 및 동작하는 과정을 수행하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 손 영역의 검출과 추적, 인식과정 등을 자세히 서술하였으며, 다양한 메타포도 함께 소개가 된다. 그리고 본 연구에서 사용된 기술을 더욱 발전시키면 사회 전반적으로 다양한 부분에서 적극 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.40-50
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose an efficient method for detecting and tracking multiple moving objects based on morphological region merging from real-time video sequences. The proposed approach consists of adaptive threshold extraction, morphological region merging and detecting and tracking of objects. Firstly, input frame is separated into moving regions and static regions using the difference of images between two consecutive frames. Secondly, objects are segmented with a reference background image and adaptive threshold values, then, the segmentation result is refined by morphological region merge algorithm. Lastly, each object segmented in a previous step is assigned a consistent identification over time, based on its spatio-temporal information. The experimental results show that a proposed method is efficient and useful in terms of real-time multiple objects detecting and tracking.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.260-261
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• 2018

MPEG과 VCEG은 차세대 비디오 부호화 표준 기술 개발를 위한 JVET(Joint Video Exploration Team)을 구성하여 현재 비디오 표준화인 HEVC 대비 높은 부호화 효율을 목표로 연구를 진행하며 CfP(Call for Proposal) 단계를 진행 중이다. JVET의 공통 플랫폼인 JEM(Joint Exploration Test Model)은 HEVC의 quad-tree 기반 블록 분할 구조를 대신하여 더 많은 유연성을 제공하는 QTBT(Quad-tree plus binary-tree)가 적용되었다. QTBT는 화면 내 부호화 효율을 높이기 위한 하나의 방법으로 휘도와 색차 신호에 대해 분할된 블록 구조를 지원한다. 이러한 방법은 채널 간 블록 분할 모양이 동일하거나 비슷한 경우에 중복되는 블록 분할 신호가 발생할 수 있는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 화면 내 부호화에서 채널 간 유사도 비교를 이용하여 적응형 색차 블록 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법의 실험 결과로 JEM 6.0과 비교하여 CfE(Call for Evidence) 영상에서 평균 0.28%의 Y BD-rate 감소와 함께 평균 124.5%의 부호화 복잡도 증가를 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.89-96
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• 2015

Human visual system has chromatic adaptation to determine the color of an object regardless of illumination, whereas digital camera records illumination and reflectance together, giving the color appearance of the scene varied under different illumination. NMFsc(nonnegative matrix factorization with sparseness constraint) was recently introduced to estimate original object color by using sparseness constraint. In NMFsc, low sparseness constraint is used to estimate illumination and high sparseness constraint is used to estimate reflectance. However, NMFsc has an illumination estimation error for images with large uniform area, which is considered as dominant chromaticity. To overcome the defects of NMFsc, illumination estimation via nonnegative matrix factorization with dominant chromaticity image is proposed. First, image is converted to chromaticity color space and analyzed by chromaticity histogram. Chromaticity histogram segments the original image into similar chromaticity images. A segmented region with the lowest standard deviation is determined as dominant chromaticity region. Next, dominant chromaticity is removed in the original image. Then, illumination estimation using nonnegative matrix factorization is performed on the image without dominant chromaticity. To evaluate the proposed method, experimental results are analyzed by average angular error in the real world dataset and it has shown that the proposed method with 5.5 average angular error achieve better illuminant estimation over the previous method with 5.7 average angular error.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.560-569
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• 1996

Background and Purpose : Standardized uptake value(SUV) has been used as a quantitative index for differentiating benign and malignant tumors with F-18-FDG PET In this study, we produced whole body parametric images of SUV(WBPIS) by body weight normalization, and validated the values by comparison with SUV's calculated with regional scans. Subjects and Methods : Whole body scans were followed by regional scans sequentially on 23 patients. In whole body study, transmission and emission scans were acquired for 2 minutes and 6 minutes for each bed position, respectively. In regional study, transmission and emission scans were acquired for 20 minutes. Measured and segmented/ smoothed attenuation correction were applied using these 2 min transmission scans in whole body studies. The effects of attenuation correction on SUVs were evaluated quantitatively using F-18 filled cylindrical phantom. The mean and peak SUVs obtained from WBPIS were compared with SUVs of the regional scans. Results : In phantom studies, with any method of attenuation correction using regional or whole body studies of phantom, SUVs were nearly consistent. In whole body scan, SUV obtained using measured attenuation correction method was a little higher than SUV of regional scan. SUV obtained using segmented/smoothed attenuation correction method was a little lower. In patient studies, WBPIS using segmented/smoothed attenuation correction method was much smoother and more readable. SUVs of WBPIS obtained with both methods of attenuation correction were well correlated with SUVs of regional scans(r=0.9). SUVs of WBPIS with measured attenuation correction method were 5% lower than SUVs of regional scans. SUVs of WBPIS with segmented/smoothed attenuation correction method were 10% lower than SUVs of regional scans. The differences of SUVs of WBPIS by the two attenuation correction methods were relatively small compared with the possible differences derived from biological characteristics of tumors. Conclusion : We concluded that WBPIS could be useful in the quantification of tumor as well as in localization of whole body lesions, which were often outside the field of view in regional scan. WBPIS made using segmented/smoothed attenuation correction method could be used in clinical routines and SUVs from attenuation corrected F-18-FDG PET could be used interchangeably with SUVs of regional studies.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.702-712
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• 2013

In this paper, we proposed an algorithm that extracts the airway and lung without loss of information in spite of the pulmonary vessel and nodules of the chest wall in the chest CT images. We use a mask image in order to improve the performance and to save processing time of airway and lung segmentation. In the second step, by converting left and right lungs to binary image using the morphological information, we have removed the solitary pulmonary nodule to identify the value of the threshold lung and the chest wall. The last step is to connect the outer shell of the lung with cubic Spline interpolation by adding the perfect pixel and computing the distance of the removed part. Experimental results using Matlab verified that the proposed method could overcome the drawbacks of the conventional methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.10d
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• pp.547-549
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 웨이블릿(wavelet) 변환된 영상의 압축 방법으로 사용되는 SPIHT(Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees)을 이용하여 워터마크를 삽입하는 방법을 제안하였다. 기존의 특정 대역에만 워터마크를 삽입하는 방법은 화질열화와 압축의 두 가지 문제점을 동시에 해결할 수 없었다. 제안된 방법은 웨이블릿 변환된 영상의 계수 값이 동일한 방향을 갖는 부대역 간에 상관관계를 갖는 점을 이용하여 특정 대역이 아닌 중요 계수에만 워터마크를 삽입하므로써 강인성과 비 가시성이 증가되도록 하였다. 워터마크의 추출은 워터마크된 영상과 PN(Pseudo Noise)코드와의 계수 차를 이용하였으며, 워터마크가 삽입된 영상의 인증을 위해 통계학적인 접근 방법을 사용하였다. 실험을 통하여 워터마크가 삽입된 영상에 대해 손실 압축, 잡음, 크로핑, 리사이즈, 콜루션의 공격을 가한 결과 평균 유사도 값이 0.987의 높은 추출율을 보여 강인성을 입증하였다.