• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.58-65
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• 2016

This study was a preparatory experiment aimed the development of membrane scaffolds for tissue engineering. A PCL composite solution contained sodium chloride(NaCl). PCL porous membrane scaffolds were formed on a glass casting plate using a film applicator and immersed in distilled water to remove the NaCl reaching after drying. NaCl was used as a pore former for a 3 dimensional pore net-work. The dry condition parameters were $4^{\circ}C$, room temperature (RT) and $40^{\circ}C$ for each different temperatures in the drying experiment. SEM revealed the morphology of the pores in the membrane after drying and evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity for basic bio-compatibility. The macro and micro pores existed together in the scaffold and showed a 3-dimensional pore net-working morphology at RT. The in vitro cytotoxicity test result was "grade 2" in accordance with the criterion for cytotoxicity by ISO 10993-5. The dry condition affected the formation of a 3 dimensional pore network and micro and macro pores. Therefore, these results are expected provide the basic process for the development of porous membrane scaffolds to control degradation and allow drug delivery.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 2008

The Ministry of Science and Technology has been planning various events and carrying them out as the effort for promotion and popularization of science. The ministry has made followings: i)Science culture year, 2004 ii) Physics year, 2006 iii)Chemistry year, 2007 iv)Biology year, 2008. Especially, in 2006 the ministry held various exhibitions and contests about chemistry. The science play "Oxygen" had been presented in the whole country, 2006. From 2006 to 2007 the moving science museum had been displayed many times in the whole country. The national broadcast media KBS made a special program and televised several times to commemorate the year of chemistry. Like that in 2006 the chemistry approached to general people. In these surroundings, we wondered how chemistry was expressed in daily newspaper and how the general public accepted chemistry in the year of chemistry, 2006. So we selected four daily newspaper and researched descriptions about chemistry then analyzed the image of chemistry in that descriptions. When we research, we first selected 5 words of high frequency. On the internet research engine we used these 5 words and searched descriptions. We read and sorted descriptions which were more connected to chemistry. Finally we analyzed the images of descriptions(affirmative or negative) and character. The chemistry's image on newspaper descriptions influences people greatly. Because that is the easiest channel.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.109-124
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• 2018

In order to find the optimum culture condition for marine free-living nematoda in the laboratory, various agar media were developed and experiments were carried on nematodes. Nematodes have collected from the bottom of the sandy sediments' surface layer (about 5cm sediment) of Taean Mallipo beach's intertidal zone. Especially, with regard to agar medium, Killian medium was transformed slightly, density of agar had made a difference and this agar medium(height 2.0 mm on diameter 60 mm Petri dish) was divided. It was mixed with 5 different species of microorganism as nematodes' live food and added each culture medium. Five individuals of Enoplolaimus sp. on each culture medium were grown in a culture medium which was set on $20^{\circ}C$ and light blocked. Moreover, as a result of the optimum culture condition, 1.0% density of agar showed the highest survival rates (the average time of survival is 246.8 hours). On the other hand, the 0.4% density of agar adding Killian medium, bacto peptone and beef extract showed the lowest survival rates, which indicates the average time of survival is 27.6 hours. About Bathylaimus sp., on Killian medium's 1.0% density of agar(no feeding amount) showed the highest survival rates, which connects that the hatching rate 94.7% after 99.5 hours and it laid 7 eggs averagely on the spawning amount and the hatching rate experiment.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.212-215
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• 2016

We developed a new ecotoxicological test method using native test species, eggs of Ephemera orientalis, and five kinds of industrial wastewater were tested to validate the test method. The water samples were collected in Jun 2006 from the following industries: pesticide, metal plating, PCB, leather1, and leather2. Wastewater and effluent were diluted by distilled water, respectively, to prepare various concentrations, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.3, 3.1, and 0%. For the egg bioassay, 20 freshly laid eggs (<24 h old) were exposed to test solutions in a Petri dish ($52{\times}12mm$) at $20^{\circ}C$ with photoperiod of 16 h light and 8 h dark for 14 days. The median egg hatching concentrations (EHC50) were estimated using Probit analysis. All EHC50s of wastewater were less than 3.1%, which meant very high ecotoxicity except for the wastewater of PCB industry having 6.1% of EHC50. Among the effluents, the least toxic effluent was from pesticide industry having 58% of EHC50, while the effluent of leather2 was the most toxic having 7.3% of EHC50.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate effect of temperature and NaCl on the seed germination and water absorption of Thuja orientalis. Seeds were treated with 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000ppm of NaCl and placed in different chambers at 15, 20, 25 and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. And seed properties and relative water absorptions were analyzed. Germination decreased with the increase of both temperature and NaCl concentration, and especially the difference was obvious at $30^{\circ}C$. Dormancy and mortality increased with the increase of temperature in non-NaCl treatment. Two-way analysis of variance showed significant effects of temperature, NaCl concentration and interaction between temperature and NaCl concentration (p<0.001). Mean germination time increased with the increase of NaCl concentration at 15, 20 and $25^{\circ}C$ but decreased at $30^{\circ}C$ because the seeds were mortal by NaCl high concentration, Germination speed and germination performance index decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration. Those represented decreasing tendency with NaCl concentration but high positive correlation with germination. Relative water absorption decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration and represented high values at $15^{\circ}C$, and showed high positive correlations with germination, germination speed and germination performance index. It was reported that the high temperature and salinity were inhibitive factors of seed germination of Thuja orientalis.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.375-384
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• 2011

The effects of mixed beans on quality characteristics of traditional soybean paste (Doenjang) were investigated. The proximate composition of the soybean paste (Doenjang) met traditional food standard requirements. The range in salinity was 12.30~13.20%, and the salinity decreased with an increase in the amount of mixed beans. A significant difference in pH values occurred in all samples(p<0.05). The Hunter's 'L ($45.06{\pm}0.41$)' and 'b ($13.89{\pm}0.73$)' values of the TDM2 samples were higher than those of other samples. The highest amounts of malic acid of the organic acids are shown. The order of the amino acid content was aspartic acid > leucine > lysine, and that of free amino acid contents were proline > glutamic acid > arginine. The order of mineral content in the soybean pastes was Na > K > Ca > Mg, but levels of Co, Cu, and Zn were not detected. The traditional soybean paste (Doenjang) had an effective DPPH radical scavenging activity and higher phenolic content compared to those of the control sample. Overall acceptability score of the TDM2 (soybean 1 : mixed beans 1) was higher than that of the others. More research is needed to enhance the quality and functionality of traditional soybean paste.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of sulfuric fertilizers on allylisothiocyanate(allylNCS) content of upland Wasabia japonica Matsum cultivated in heating condition in the winter season. The rhizome's growth characters following soil application of sulfur dust were not significantly different compared to control, though its soil acidity and available sulfur content was higher than other treatments. Total sulfur content of plant was increased by soil application as compared to foliar application and allylNCS content of rhizome increased up to 22.8% in the sulfur dust treatment. The result showed that soil application was effective for supplying $SO_4^{-2}$ in upland Wasabia japonica Matsum when cultivated in heating condition. In the analysis of correlation coefficients between growth and quality characteristics, allylNCS content of rhizome showed the significantly positive correlation with total sulfur content of shoot, rhizome and allylNCS content of shoot.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.24-24
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• 2018

본 연구는 응달고사리[Cornopteris crenulatoserrulata (Makino) Nakai]의 전엽체 대량증식 및 포자체 형성을 위한 배지구성물질 및 배양토의 최적조건을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 실험재료는 기내에서 포자발아를 통해 획득한 전엽체를 계대배양하여 실험에 사용하였다. 배지구성물질이 전엽체의 증식 및 형태 형성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자, 배지구성물질의 농도를 1/4, 1/2, 1배로 조절한 MS배지와 Knop배지를 조성하였다. 기내 배양된 전엽체 300mg을 메스로 다진 후 상기 5종의 배지에 배양하였다. 실험의 결과, 전엽체의 생체중은 Knop배지에서 3.93g으로 가장 많이 증가되었으며, 현미경으로 관찰한 결과 기관형성도 정상적으로 이루어졌다. 선행연구에서 선발된 Knop배지를 기준으로 sucrose(0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 및 3.0%) 및 활성탄(0, 0.1, 0.2 및 0.4%)의 농도를 달리 첨가하여 전엽체에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 실험결과, 0.5%의 sucrose를 첨가한 배지에서 생체중이 5.90g으로 증가하였으며, 활성탄은 첨가하지 않는 것이 효과적이었다. 포자체 형성을 위한 최적의 토양조건을 구명하고자, 원예상토와 피트모스, 펄라이트, 마사토 등 인공토양의 비율을 달리하여 8종류의 토양을 사각분에 충진하였으며, 기내에서 배양된 전엽체를 10초간 분쇄한 후 사각분에 1g씩 균일하게 분주하여 16주간 배양하였다. 배양결과, 원예상토를 단용으로 처리한 실험구에서 포자체가 171.5개로 가장 많이 발생하였으며, 원예상토와 마사토를 2:1(v:v)로 혼합한 토양에서 125.0개, 원예상토, 피트모스, 마사토를 1:1:1(v:v:v)로 혼합한 토양에서 113.3개 순으로 포자체가 발생하였다. 포자체의 생육은 포자체의 형성이 가장 많았던 원예상토를 단용한 토양에 비해 원예상토와 마사토를 2:1(v:v)로 혼합한 토양에서 생체중, 엽장, 엽폭, 근장 등이 우수하였다. 한편 피트모스가 혼합된 토양에서는 전엽체와 포자체 형성이 억제되는 경향을 보였다. 위 결과로 보아 응달고사리의 전엽체 기내배양에는 sucrose 0.5%가 첨가된 Knop배지가 적합하며, 포자체 대량생산을 위해서는 원예상토를 단용한 토양을 사용하는 것이 좋다고 판단되었다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.21-21
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• 2018

본 연구는 북방계 식물에 속하는 두메우드풀[Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R.Br.]의 전엽체 증식 및 포자체 형성을 위한 적정방법을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 식물재료는 경상북도 의성군 일대에서 채취한 후 청주의 일반하우스에 이식하여 재배하였다. 포자 성숙기인 8월에 채종하여 발아시켰으며, 포자로부터 획득한 전엽체를 8주간 계대하면서 실험재료로 사용하였다. 전엽체 300mg을 메스로 다진 후 배지농도 및 종류(Knop, 1/4, 1/2, 1 및 2MS)를 달리하여 8주간 배양하였다. 배양실의 온도는 $25{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$, 광도는 $30{\pm}1.0{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$(16/8h)로 조절되었다. 연구의 결과, 배지구성물질의 농도가 높았던 2MS배지에서 전엽체의 생체중이 12.4g으로 41배 증가하여 가장 높은 증식율을 나타냈다. 또한 배지구성물질의 농도가 적을수록 생체중의 증가폭도 함께 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 포자체 형성에 적합한 토양조건을 확인하고자, 원예상토, 피트모스, 펄라이트 및 마사토의 비율을 달리한 5종류의 혼합토양을 조성하여 사각분($7.5{\times}7.5{\times}7.5cm$)에 충진하였다. 다음으로 전엽체 1g을 핸드블랜더로 10초간 분쇄 후 충진된 사각분 위에 고르게 분주하여 14주간 재배하였다. 재배환경은 온도 $25{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$, 광도 $43{\pm}2.0{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$(16/8h) 및 습도 $72{\pm}2.0%$로 조절되었다. 지베렐린 수용액이 포자체 형성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자, 선행연구에서 선발된 토양조건을 기준으로 침지농도(0, 50, 100, $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$)를 조절하여 1시간 침지 후 상기와 동일한 방법으로 재배하였다. 연구의 결과, 원예상토와 펄라이트 또는 마사토를 2:1(v:v)로 혼용한 토양에서 사각분 당 109.5, 128.8개의 포자체가 형성되었다. 한편, 피트모스가 첨가된 처리는 포자체의 형성이 억제되는 경향을 나타냈다. 지베렐린 50과 $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 수용액에 침지한 처리에서 무처리에 비해 많은 사각분 당 각 177.0, 181.7개의 포자체가 형성되었으며, 생육도 양호하였다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.22-22
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• 2018

실고사리[Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw.]는 국내 자생하는 덩굴성 양치식물로 유인재배가 용이하여 실내 외 조경 및 관상소재로 활용이 가능하다. 한방에서는 전초를 해금사초, 포자를 해금사, 뿌리와 지하경을 해금사근이라 약재로 사용한다. 본 연구는 관상 및 약재로 이용이 가능한 실고사리의 대량생산을 위한 기내 외 번식방법을 개발하고자 수행되었다. 식물재료는 경상북도 의성군 일대에서 성체를 수집하여 청주의 일반하우스에 식재하여 성숙한 포자를 채취하였다. 포자를 기내 발아시켜 전엽체를 획득한 다음 8주 간격으로 계대하면서 연구의 재료를 확보하였다. 전엽체의 증식과 생육에 적합한 배지를 비교 하고자, 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2MS배지와 Knop배지를 조성하여 배양하였다. 배양방법은 전엽체 300mg을 메스로 균일하게 다져서 배양하는 방법을 이용하였으며, 배양환경은 온도($25{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$), 광도($30{\pm}1.0{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$), 광주기(16/8h light/dark)로 조절되었다. 연구결과, 모든 처리구의 생체중은 초기접종량 보다 11배 이상 증가하였고, 그 중 1MS배지에서는 전엽체의 생체중이 7.3g으로 가장 많이 증가하였다. 뿐만 아니라, 형태형성도 우수하여 모두 정상적인 전엽체의 형태인 하트형으로 발달이 유도되었다. 전엽체로부터 포자체 형성을 유도하고자, 원예상토, 피트모스, 펄라이트 및 마사토의 혼합비율을 5종류로 달리하여 사각분($7.5{\times}7.5{\times}7.5cm$)에 혼합토양을 충진하였다. 전엽체 1g과 증류수 25mL를 핸드블랜더로 10초간 분쇄하여 사각분의 토양표면에 균일하게 분주하는 방법을 사용하였다. 이후 온도($25{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$), 광도($43{\pm}2.0{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$), 광주기(16/8h light/dark), 습도($72{\pm}2.0%$)를 유지하면서 10주간 재배되었다. 연구결과, 원예상토 단용, 원예상토와 펄라이트 및 마사토가 2:1(v:v)로 혼합된 토양에서 각 498.0, 402.5, 482.5개의 포자체가 형성되어 사각분 면적대비 7.16개($cm^2$)가 생산되었다. 한편 포자체의 생육은 원예상토와 펄라이트가 2:1(v:v)로 혼합된 토양에서 생체중, 엽장, 엽폭, 근장 및 SPAD value 등이 우수하였다.