• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.277-286
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• 1999

Pain is a complex perceptual experience that is profoundly influenced by a number of variables, differing in quality as well as in intensity. Therefore we need to understand the actual experience of multiparous women in order to provide basic information for nursing care. The purpose of the study is to explore the experience of labor pain. The data are collected through in-depth interviews of 17 multiparous women in city of Pusan from October 1998 to March 1999. The interviews were conducted 1-2 days after delivery in the admission room. Each interview lasted about 45 minutes on average. Subjects were interviewed one at a time. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the subject. Data were analyzed by means of Giorgi's Phenomenological analysis methods and categorized according to the similarities of its contents. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify themes and categories. Six categories that were identified were : 1) pain 2) regret 3) acceptance 4) maturity 5) accomplishment 6) newness. Under these categories there were seventeen themes. I. Pain: 1) too dependent on others 2) too painful 3) fear or anxiety from previous painful experience 4) avoidance of pain 5) couldn't control the pain II. Regret : 1) spouse's absence 2) unprofessional attitude of the staff 3) ignorance of other's towards their pain III. Acceptance : 1) took the pain for granted 2) accepted the pain as fate 3) endured the pain IV. Maturity : 1) appreciated the value of life 2) apprehension of parent V. Accomplishment : 1)is over sense of accomplishment 2) grateful the pain VI. Newness : 1) experienced a new feeling 2) quickly forgot the pain. The results of the study will provide basic data for labor pain management.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.203-216
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• 1998

Pain is commonly characterized as a multi-dimensional experience, varing in quality as well as in intensity. So, We need to understand the lived experience of primiparous women in order to provide basic information of nursing care. Therefore, The purpose of the study is to explore the construction of labor pain experience. The data are collected through in-depth interviews of 20 primiparous women in Pusan city from March 1998 to May 1998. Their labor pain experiences conducted 1-2 days after delivery at admission room. Each interview lasted about 25 minutes average. I have interviews one time with each subject. The record was taken with the consent of the subject. Data were analyzed by means of Giorgi's phenomenological analysis methods and categorized according to the similarities of its contents. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify and categorized themes and main meaning. Eleven themes of labor pain as experienced by these subjects were : 1) fear 2) suffering 3) evasion of pain 4) will power about overcome 5) support need 6) apprehension of parent 7) producing confidence 8) obtain his roles 9) attributing the cause of labor pain to others 10) not feeling of touching 11) ambivalence. Five main meaning identified were : 1) fear 2) evading and confrontation 3) the maturity of personality 4) unreality 5) ambivalence. The significes of this study for nursing are : 1) It enables nurses and other health care providers understand more clearly the lived experience of labor pain. 2) It provides that the way of more effective pain management.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.62-73
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experiences of nursing students' during Leboyer. Methods: Eleven senior nursing students were recruited from April to June in 2010. After completing informed consents, data were collected through in-depth interviews. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim before analyzing. Nursing students were asked about their observational experiences during Leboyer births. Data were analyzed by using the Colaizzi style. Results: Interviews revealed 4 categories and 9 themes. The categories were: 'Respecting and blessing new baby', 'Keeping calm and joyful birth atmosphere', 'Reminding the meaning of nursing', 'Comparing Leboyer and convenience birth and making up their mind'. Conclusion: This study showed that observation of Leboyer birth is helpful for nursing students in order to have positive impression about childbirth. Furthermore, it is suggested that an exploration of the experiences of women and their husbands during Leboyer births would be helpful. On the basis of this study, it is concluded that the Leboyer birth, which focuses on baby's human right, should be introduced women's health nursing field as an effective birth strategy.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.325-343
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to identify and describe the experiences of health care during pregnancy, birthing, and postpartum period for Vietnamese marriage immigrants. Methods: The participants were 15 Vietnamese married immigrant women who became pregnant and gave birth within the last five years. Data were collected by in-depth interview with Vietnamese women. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method of phenomenology. Results: Six theme clusters were extracted as follows: 'being left with no other option in loneliness and longing filled in a limited life', 'continued trials and errors amidst frustration and fear', 'silently following orders despite the quality of medical services that change with each medical care provider', 'compromise by selecting amidst confusion between the Korean way and the way at home', 'depending on family, who is the communication channel, but becoming disappointed', and 'finding the reason for existence and struggling by herself to become a mother amidst doubled confusion'. Conclusion: A program for effective empowerment of Vietnamese immigrant women should be developed. In addition multicultural family centered programs should be developed with emphasis on acceptance of women's culture, respect for her culture, and supports. Medical staffs and nurses should also improve culturally sensitive competence in order to provide care for immigrant women.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.196-200
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• 2006

Congenital toxoplasmosis is caused by vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii from mother during pregnancy. The broad clinical spectrum of congenital toxoplasmosis ranges from stillbirth or death shortly after birth to survival with either cerebral damage or mild or subclinical disease, consisting usually of ocular involvement. The authors experienced a case of congenital toxoplasmosis in prematurity baby whose mother had lived recently in Africa. The diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis was confirmed on the basis of clinical finding of chorioretinitis and positive serologic test for toxoplasma IgM antibody.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2005

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to verify the effects of aromatherapy on labor pain and perception of the childbirth experience. Methods: This study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this experiment consisted of forty eight primiparas without problems during the gestation period. Twenty four primiparas in the experimental group were given general obstetric nursing care with aromatherapy every two hours. Twenty four primiparas in the control group were given general obstetric nursing care only. Data was collected for labor pain measured by a labor pain expression scale, uterine contraction activity measured by Montevideo units in the latent phase, active phase, and transition phase and the perception of childbirth experience 24hours after birth. Data was analyzed by t-test, and repeated measures of ANOVA with an SPSS program. Results: No significant group effects were found, but significant time effects were found for labor pain, and uterine contraction activity. There was no significant difference in postpartum mothers' perception about childbirth. Conclusion: In this study, effects of aromtherapy decreasing labor pain expression, and increasing the perception of childbirth was not found.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify influence of childbirth experience and postpartum depression on quality of life in women after birth. Methods: Two hundred and eleven postpartum women were asked to complete the questionnaires on their childbirth experience during their admission and on their postpartum depression and quality of life between one to three weeks after birth. Initial data were collected from February 1 to May 30, 2011 at two obstetric hospitals in Busan, Korea. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: The women's childbirth experience and postpartum depression were identified as factors influencing quality of life after birth. The model explained 50% of the variables. Conclusion: Results suggest that childbirth educators should include strategies to increase a positive childbirth experience and to decrease postpartum depression in their education programs in order to improve women's quality of life.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the yoga during pregnancy on the maternal weight, delivery experience and infant birth weight. Method: The nonequivalent control group pre test-post test design was used. The participants were the healthy pregnant women, whose pre-pregnancy BMI was normal, gestational period was more than 20 weeks. The final sample consisted of 21 mother-infant dyads for experimental group and 20 dyads for control group and who agreed to participate in this study. Data were collected from February I st to December 15th, 2006. The Qi exercise prenatal program was carried out for 90 minutes a day, 2 times a week for 12 weeks. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 Program. Result: The degree of maternal weight gain(p<.001), labor pain(p<.001), discomfort after delivery(p<.001) and infant's birth weight(p<.00I) were significantly different between two groups. Conclusion: The yoga during pregnancy managed weight gain of mothers. Therefore, this study suggests that yoga during pregnancy to promotes stabilization can be beneficial for maintaining healthy weight, decreasing labor pain and discomfort after delivery for pregnant women and increasing infant's birth weight.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 1971

A study of the knowledge, attitude and practices about the maternal and child health of 305 married women residing in apartments at the Yonsei Community Health area was conducted during the period from November to December 1970 using designed questionnaire with well trained interviewers. The results and findings obtained from the study are summarized as follows: A. Pregnancy and Birth Questions were asked about their last child. 1. 16.4% of the women were pregnant. 2. Among 281 women who had experienced delivery, 48.0% were assisted by doctor or midwisves for their last delivery, while the rest of women delivered their last baby at home without any professional's assistance. The higher the level of education or the greater exposure to mass communication, the more the deliveries were assisted by doctors or midwives. Those women who were born and raised in cities had more deliveries assisted by doctors and midwives than those who were not. 3. Kinds of delivery sheets used. Among 141 cases of home delivery 68% used cement bag paper or vinyl sheets. Three% used nothing and remained used unsterile materials. 4. Among 141 cases of home delivery, 70.2% used scissors. The rest of them used other methods. 5. 47.3% of the women had a rest for one month or more after birth. The higher the level of education, the longer the period of rest was observed. 6. 52.4% of the women fed the colostrum to their babies. This was not related to the mother's education. 7 About half(42.9%) of the women had poor knowledge about a proper diet for the pre and post natal period. B. Child Health 1. Knowledge and practice regarding to the immunization for their children: Most of the women (93.2%) could name at least one kind of immunization. 20.3% could name 6 kinds of immunization. Mothers education level did not influence their ability to name immunizations. 85.2% of children had been immunized at least once. 2. Morbidity of last born children: 48.1% of their last born children were found to have been sick during the last year. Less than half(41.5%) of the sick children were seen by doctor. 3. Counselling at well baby clinic: Most of the women(76.5%) had no counselling for their children. Registration rate at the well baby clinic at the Severance Hospital was 13.2%. 45.9% wanted to visit to the well baby clinic at the Severance Hospital. 4. Weaning Period: 44.6% said that the beginning of the weaning for their last born children was from 6 months to twelve months of age. The most important reason of weaning was the health of both mothers and children. 5. Knowledge and Practice regarding birth and death Registration: 64.6% of the women could name correctly the Ku-office as the place for the registration. Only 29.2% registered the birth of their last born children within 14 days. C. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding to family planning Most: of the women accepted the idea of family planning. 97.7% could name at least one contraceptive method. 35.4% were found to be current users of contraceptive methods. The ideal number of children was 3.1 in average.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.81-89
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• 2016

This study performed an investigation to determine the impact of the oral health status and oral health behavior of pregnant women on quality of life and analyzed the results. The data was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test for the key measuring parameters by using PASW Statistics 18.0. There were significant differences in subjective oral health status and oral health interest had significant differences depending on the period of in pregnancy. 46.5% of surveyed subjects considered themselves as 'healthy', and 51.2% considered their oral health status was 'healthy' while 57.5 responded they were interested in the oral health. As for the quality of life according to the oral health behaviors, when the subjects did not have any experience of receiving oral health education, when the tooth brushings were ${\leq}3$ times, when they had not received examination on a regular basis, and when they had no experience of scaling, the quality of life was very low. Significant impact variables on the OHIP-14 include longer pregnancy term, no experience of childbirth, subjective health status and poorer subjective oral health status, and the low health-related quality of life. In this study, it was considered as necessary to develop improved oral health education programs because the oral health-related quality of life was closely associated with oral health and oral health behaviors perceived subjectively.