• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.71-96
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• 2019

Various organizations generate and collect human rights records in North Korea for the purpose of punishing perpetrators and compensating victims; hence, a systematic and integrated management system on such records is needed. As such, the study aims to propose metadata for the human rights records in the country. Furthermore, the study derived common and necessary elements for the management of human rights records and referred deficiencies to the United Nations' (UN) guidelines by analyzing three local and international organizations and two human rights record software. Overall, the metadata consists of 15 upper elements in total with their corresponding subelements. Each of the proposed upper elements consists of 13 essential and 2 optional elements.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.36-40
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• 2012

북한은 사이버공간을 해방구로 보고 지난 2003년도에 인터넷 대란 공격을 실시한 이래 사이버 공격을 지속적이고 강력하게 감행하고 있다.1) 지난해에는 농협전산망을 공격하였으며 최근에는 서해상에서 GPS교란 공격을 실시하여 인천 국제공항에 이착륙하는 항공기에 심각한 위협을 초래하기도 하였다. 이처럼 북한을 포함한 전 세계적인 사이버 공격이 이제는 국가안보상의 심대한 위협이 되고 있어 각국은 사이버전 대비에 심혈을 기울이고 있다. 이제 우리나라는 사이버공격을 가장 많이 받는 국가 중의 하나가 되고 있다. 국가적인 사이버위협이 지속되는 상황하에서 국방차원에서의 사이버대응 실태를 살펴보고 발전책을 제시하고자 한다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.151-167
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• 1993

A total of 156 species of Pyralidae and 6 species of Thyrididae were recogmzed from the collection of the North Korean materials preserved in Hungarian Natural History Museum. A Among them, 23 species of Pyralidae are reported for the first time from Korean peninsula, a and 8 unnamed species are also included.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.16-18
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• 1994

A total of 302 species of Geometridae was recognized from N. Korea, based on the matenal preserved in the Hunganan Natural History Museum. Of these, 24 and subspecies are reported for the first time from the Korean peninsula.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.143-152
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• 2021

It is investigated in this study how the water supply system has been developed in North Korea. Articles published in the Rodong Newspaper (North Korea official newspaper) were mainly reviewed for this purpose. It was found in this study that the development of the water supply system in the North Korea was affected by their socioeconomic situations. Their water supply development was categorized into six groups in this study since the first water supply system built in Pyongyang (1910); Occupation period (1910~1945); Introduction period (1946~1950); Restoration period (1951~1960); Advancement period (1961~1970); New village period (1971~1974); Depression period (1974~).

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.270-285
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• 2020

This study examines the state of archeological research on Silla and Unified Silla conducted in North Korea and identifies its characteristics. In South Korea, most research has focused on prehistoric times in North Korea, and little research has been done on Silla and Unified Silla. Noting this, we attempted to examine the history of archaeological research in North Korea to provide foundations upon which to go forward. The research was examined in terms of general archaeological themes including tombs, fortresses, the capital city, earthenware, roof tiles, ornaments, weapons, and horse harnesses, and we identified four characteristics from the examination. First, Juche ideology had a great influence on interpretation of the unification of the three kingdoms. The Juche ideology was first proposed in 1955, and at the time, it was not fully established as an ideology but rather seen as constituting opposition to toadyism. Accordingly, the unification of the three kingdoms led by Silla was seen as amounting to collusion with foreign forces and was not acknowledged. A piece of evidence shows that this change took place around 1962. Second, an inclination to testify to the 'uniqueness' of the cultures of the three kingdoms is observed. The argument is that culture in the Korean peninsula has unique characteristics that set it apart from Chinese culture, and that the cultures of the three kingdoms share much in common. This inclination was not mentioned in research until the 1950s, and it can be seen as an effort to comply with Juche ideology and prove the principle of unity as stated in the national leader's instructions in the 1960s. Third, the influence of Goguryeo on the formation of Silla culture is emphasized. Related research explains that Baekje, Silla, and Gaya adopted the 'superior' culture of Goguryeo, and could establish 'uniqueness' of culture accordingly. It is claimed that an advanced Goguryeo culture was disseminated throughout Balhae and Unified Silla, and then to Goryeo, resulting in a true unification of the ethnic culture. Fourth, researchers in North Korea presume the Silla tombs and other relics to be far older than South Korean researchers' estimate. From a standpoint of highlighting the long history of Korea, they estimate the Silla Dynasty was founded in the early or mid-first century. Accordingly, archeological evidence that demonstrates the establishment of the state is dated as far back. Such an estimate is also indispensable in justifying the explanation that the chamber tombs of Goguryeo had a direct influence on Silla. These research characteristics which arose during the 1960s continue to be basic guidelines for North Korean researchers.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.271-284
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• 2023

This study compared 431 acoustic terminology of South Korean industrial standards and North Korean national standards based on IEC 60050-801:1994 international standards. In addition, this study attempted to integrate acoustic terminology between the two Koreas. There were 139 (32.3 %) AA types with exactly the same form of terminology, 35 (8.1 %) Aa types with different spellings due to differences in linguistic norms, and 257 (59.6 %) AB types with completely different forms. Morphologically, there were more than twice as many different types of terminology as the same type. In the integration of acoustic terminology with different forms, 178 (61 %) North Korean terminology and 76 (26 %) South Korean terminology were adopted. we would like to overcome the limitations of this study through the following suggestions. First, the government should support academic exchanges between the two Koreas and encourage the establishment of common standards for acoustic terminology. Second, efforts should be made to share acoustic terminology data between the two Koreas and publish an integrated acoustic terminology dictionary. Third, South and North Korea should jointly launch a terminology committee to make efforts to revise international standards together.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 2011

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.43 no.4 s.150
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• pp.9-25
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• 2006

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.447-469
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• 1997