• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.205-216
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• 2015

The CMIP5 climate change scenarios from 34 GCMs were analyzed to quantitatively assess future changes in temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation against the global region and the Northeast Asia region with a focus on South Korea, North Korea, or Japan. The resulting projection revealed that the Northeast Asia region is subjected to more increase in temperature and precipitation than the global means for both. In particular, temperature and precipitation in North Korea were projected to increase about $5.1^{\circ}C$ and 18%, respectively under the RCP 8.5 scenario, as compared to the historical means for 30 years (1971-2000), although a large uncertainty still exists among GCMs. For solar radiation, global mean solar radiation was predicted to decrease with time in all RCP scenarios except for the RCP 2.6 scenario. On the contrary, it was predicted that the amount of solar radiation in the Northeast Asia increases in the future period.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.287-298
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• 2020

It is predicted that future climate warming will occur, and the subtropical climate zone currently confined to the south coast of Korea will gradually rise north. The shift of climate zone implies a change in area for cultivating crops. This study aimed to evaluate the current and future status of climate zones based on the high-resolution climate data of South Korea to prepare adaptation measures for cultivating crops under changing agricultural climate conditions. First, the climatic maps of South and North Korea were produced by using the high-resolution monthly maximum and minimum daily temperature and monthly cumulative precipitation produced during the past 30 years (1981-2010) covering South and North Korea. Then the climate zones of the Korean Peninsula were classified based on the Köppen climate classification. Second, the changes in climate zones were predicted by using the corrected monthly climate data of the Korean Peninsula (grid resolution 30-270m) based on the RCP8.5 scenario of the Korea Meteorological Administration. Köppen climate classification was applied based on the RCP8.5 scenario, the temperature and precipitation of the Korean Peninsula would continue to increase and the climate would become simpler. It was predicted that the temperate climate, appearing in the southern region of Korea, would be gradually expanded and the most of the Korean Peninsula, excluding some areas of Hamgkyeong and Pyeongan provinces in North Korea, would be classified as a temperate climate zone between 2071 and 2100. The subarctic climate would retreat to the north and the Korean Peninsula would become warmer and wetter in general.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.264-274
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• 2014

The main purpose of the current research is to analyze DPR Korean carbon emissions due to forest loss and to identify potential project sites for REDD implementation. REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation) is a global environmental policy that is geared towards lowering carbon emissions in developing and least developed countries through saving forests that are vulnerable to future deforestation. DPR Korea is known for its underdevelopment as well as its serious environmental degradation, but limited research exists regarding these issues. The research employs remotely sensed global data and forest carbon stock information from the existing literature to quantify carbon emissions in DPR Korea. It turns out that the country may have had emitted about 82.6 to 149.3 $MtCO_2e$ due to forest loss between 2005 and 2009. A few administrative districts are delineated as prospective REDD sites, of which the outcomes of Local Moran's I represent high rates of deforestation. In brief, it appears there is a great possibility to lower carbon emissions in DPR Korea via REDD implementation.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.845-854
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• 2009

To examine the wind energy potential of North Korea, climatological wind map was constructed using the 30-year hourly observations of wind speed and direction at 27 meteorological stations. This examination was based on the Weibull model, which represents the probability density distribution of wind speed. It was found that overall, high terrain(Geama Gowon) in the central-northern part and south-west coast (Hwanghae-do) of North Korea have the annual average wind speed which exceeds 4 m/s at 50 m altitude above ground. The wind speed >5 m/s is more persistent in spring, but less in summer. Amongst the meteorological stations, Changjin and Yangdok show the most persistent wind speed in time and strength.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.104-104
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• 2020

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.157-157
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• 2016

임진강 유역은 62.9%가 북한에 위치하여 수문자료 획득이 어려우며 북측의 무단방류로 남측 저수지 운영에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 과거 피해사례를 살펴보면 1996년, 1998년, 1999년, 2011년 및 2013년 이상 강우로 인한 홍수가 발생하였다. 또한 북측 댐의 무단방류로 2009년 임진강 하류에서 야영하던 관광객 6명이 사망하였고 1억 원의 재산피해가 발생했다. 따라서 기후변화에 의한 수해 피해와 북한의 무단방류로부터 수해를 예방하고자 군남홍수조절지와 한탄강홍수조절지댐 사업이 추진되었다. 현재 북한의 댐 운영 등 수자원 관련한 정책 결정 과정에 한국이 관여할 수 있는 제도적 장치가 마련되어 있지 않은 상태이며 항시 무단방류로 인한 홍수피해에 노출된 상황이다. 그리고 기후변화에 의한 강우의 지역적 편차 등 수문 자료에 불확실성 증가가 되고 있지만 임진강 상류의 정확한 수문 자료를 획득을 할 수 없어 홍수와 같은 위급 상황 시 대처가 어려운 실정이므로 급작스러운 위급 상황 시 하류의 홍수피해를 최소화하고 대비하기 위한 효율적인 저수지 운영에 관한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 군남홍수조절지와 2016년 5월 완공 예정인 한탄강홍수 조절댐과 연계운영을 통해 홍수조절 저감효과를 검토하였다. 모형의 적합성을 검증하기 위해 임진강 중 하류에 위치한 적성수위표 지점의 실측 유량값과 모의 유량값을 비교하여 모형을 검증하였고, 홍수조절 효과를 비교 분석하였다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.108-121
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• 2021

Field studies at Suwon, Cheorwon, and Jinbu were carried out to determine the relationship between mean temperature from transplanting to heading (MT) and growth at heading stage of rice. P lant height (P H) and dry weight (DW) at heading stage were significantly correlated with MT, showing second degree polynomials. The optimal temperatures for PH and DW were 23.2 ℃ and 22.8 ℃, respectively. Little differences in rice growth among soils collected from the experimental sites and the temperature-response in a phytotron study supported that MT was the main determinant of the growth shown in the field study. Though number of days to heading increased as MT decreased, cumulative temperatures (CT) affected by sites and MT for given varieties were fairly constant. When applying specific CT for each of the varieties to the temperature in North Korea, (1) five regions (Kaesong, Haeju, Sariwon, Nampo, Pyongyang) were suitable for early to mid-maturing varieties and (2) 14 regions (Yongyon, Singye, Anju, Kusong, Sinuiju, Changjon, Wonsan, Hamhung, Pyonggang, Yangdok, Huichon, Supung, Sinpo, Kanggye) were suitable only for early-maturing varieties. In (1) regions, the similar extent of growth with that in Suwon could be achieved when mid-maturing varieties grown in Suwon are cultivated. Among (2) regions, early-maturing varieties are expected to demonstrate the similar extent of growth with that in Cheorwon in 9 regions except Hamhung, Kanggye, Pyonggang, Yangdok, and Sinpo. For Hamhung and Kanggye, the target PH was assessed as 4cm higher than that shown in Cheorwon. P lant height of 8-14cm and DW of 2-4g per hill greater than those shown in Cheorwon were the target growth for P yonggang, Yangdok, and Sinpo to attain the similar amount of growth with that in Cheorwon. It is suggested that rice varieties for North Korea could be bred by adjusting the target growth at the breeding sites in South Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.108 no.3
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• pp.418-428
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze and clarify the forest information shown in the Korean Peninsula Forest Distribution Map (KPFDM) printed in 1910. First, the background, process, results, and reliability of the Forest Survey Project (1910), which is the basis of the KPFDM, were evaluated. Next, the information of the KPFDM, preserved as a paper map, was digitized to show forest status and forest type. The results of the analysis can be summarized as follows: Analyzing the Korean peninsula of the 1910 period in terms of the present South and North Korean regions, stocked forests were found to be more widely distributed (73%) in the northern region. The southern region largely consisted of deforested areas, with young-growth trees and unstocked forests making up 80% of all forests there. The northern region had abundant natural forests, with 80% of the forests in Yanggang-do, which currently includes Mt. Baekdu and the Hyesan area, composed of stocked forests. Pinus densiflora was found about 2.7 times more often in the southern region than in the northern region. Large numbers of coniferous trees excluding Pinus densiflora were found in the northern region. In particular, 53% of the forests and 72% of the stocking land in the southern region were composed of Pinus densiflora.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.108-108
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• 2021

최근 국내에서는 기후변화로 인해 지역별·계절별 강수편차가 커지고 있으며, 이로 인해 상습가뭄지역(충남 서부, 경기 남부, 전라 등)의 가뭄 피해가 확대되는 등 수자원의 안정적인 공급을 위협하고 있다. 실제로 지난 2014-2015년 발생한 가뭄으로 인해 충남·경기지역 일부에서 수 개월간 생·공용수 공급이 제한된 바 있다. 기후변화에 대비한 국내 수자원의 추가 확보 및 효율적인 활용 방안의 필요성이 증가하고 있으나, 신규 수공시설물(댐, 저수지 등)을 건설하기 힘든 국내 개발 여건상 기존 수공시설물을 최대한 활용하기 위한 다양한 방안이 추진되고 있다. 기존 댐의 용수공급 능력을 재평가하거나, 댐·보 시설물의 연계운영을 통한 용수공급능력의 분석은 대부분 다목적댐 및 용수공급댐을 대상으로 수행되어 왔으며, 발전용댐을 활용한 용수공급능력 평가는 상대적으로 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 최신화된 데이터 및 발전용댐 특성을 고려한 객관적인 평가방법을 통해 발전용댐의 용수공급능력을 새롭게 평가할 필요가 있다. 당초 수력발전이라는 단일목적으로 건설된 발전용댐은 다목적댐 대비 구조적 특성과 운영 측면에서 상이한 부분이 많아, 용수공급능력 평가 시 발전용댐의 특성을 고려할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에는 발전용댐의 구조 및 운영특성을 고려하여 발전용댐 별 유형(저류형 및 비저류형)을 구분하는 방안을 제안하고, 발전용댐 유형별 용수공급능력 산정 방안을 제시하였다. 제안한 기법은 북한강수계에 위치한 발전용댐에 적용하여 정량적인 용수공급능력을 평가하였다. 본 연구는 국내에서 연구가 미흡하였던 발전용댐을 대상으로 댐 이수능력을 검토하였으며, 향후 국가 수자원 계획 수립에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.6_3
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• pp.1861-1869
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• 2022

Recent climate change can increase the frequency and damage of wildfires worldwide. It can also lead to the deterioration of the forest ecosystem and increase casualties and economic loss. Satellite-based indices for forest damage can facilitate an objective and rapid examination of burned areas and help analyze inaccessible places like North Korea. In this letter, we conducted a detection of burned areas in North Korea using the traditional Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR), the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to represent vegetation vitality, and the Fire Burn Index (FBI) and Forest Withering Index (FWI) that were recently developed. Also, we suggested a strategy for the satellite-based detection of burned areas in the Korean Peninsula as a result of comparing the four indices. Future work requires the examination of small-size wildfires and the applicability of deep learning technologies.