• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.539-542
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• 1976

저자는 한국인 부착치은의 폭경을 측정하기 위하여 건전한 치은 및 치주조직을 가진 10명의 남자를 대상으로, 기능적인 방법과 조직화학적인 방법을 이용하여 부착치은 경계부인 Mucogingival Junction에서부터 Marginal gingva의 Crrest까지를 측정하였다. 이때 측정된 부위로, 상, 하악 공히 우측 제일대구치 원심면 Papilla로부터 시작하여 좌측 제일대구치 원심면 Pailla까지 각각 25개 부위로 구분하여 모두 50개 부위를 측정 하였다. 따라서 상기한 방법에 의한 측정을 토대로 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 기능적인 방법을 이용하여 측정한 측정치는 조직화학적인 방법에 의한 측정치보다 약 0.30~0.80mm의 높은 수치로 나타났다. 2. 측정치중 가장 높은 폭경을 나타내는 부착치은의 부위는 상악측절치 근심면(9.03~8.84mm 기능적인 방법, 8.49~8.12mm 조직화학적인 방법)이며, 가장 적은 측정치를 나타낸 부위는 하악제일소구치 Cervical부위이다. (3.87~3.70기능적인 방법, 2.82~2.77mm 조직화학적 방법). 3. Frenum 부착부위 치은폭경은 상악 6.27~6.56mm, 하악 6.95~6.07mm 4. 부착치은 폭경 중 가장 측정키 어려운 하악 제 1대구치 cervical부위는 4.17~3.82mm기능적인 방법, 3.86~3.49mm조직화학적인 방법

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.678-685
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• 2006

A certain width of attached gingiva is required to maintain gingival health The purpose of this study was to examine the dimensional changes in the width of attached gingiva and the depth of gingival sulcus among the deciduous, mixed and permanent dentitions and establish baseline information on the width of attached gingiva in Korean children. Eighty-eight children aged 4 to 14, who visited the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Samsung Medical Center, were selected and divided into 3 groups according to the periods of dentition: deciduous, mixed and permanent dentitions. The width of keratinized gingiva and the depth of gingival sulcus were measured in each group with a periodontal probe and the width of attached gingiva was determined. The width of attached gingiva in maxillary and mandibular first molars increased significantly with age after eruption in the permanent dentition (p<0.05). The sulcus depth significantly increased in newly erupted permanent teeth with narrower width of attached gingiva (p<0.05) in all of the experimented teeth with the exception of the mandibular central incisor during the transition period. The results suggest that the mean width of attached gingiva does not increase steadily from the deciduous to the permanent dentition.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.122-134
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• 2000

The aim of this study is (1) to establish the baseline information concerning the width of keratinized gingiva, depth of gingival sulcus and width of attached gingiva on the buccal surface of the teeth: and (2) to determine the relationship between the above values and tooth eruption: and (3) to estimate the frequency of mucogingival problems. The results were as follows; 1. The mean width of attached gingiva of the children aged $6\sim12$ proved to be wider in the maxilla than in the mandible. Of the primary teeth, the widest width was found in the areas of maxillary primary lateral incisors and maxillary primary canines(3.50mm and 3.55mm). The narrowest was noted in the area of mandibular first primary molars(1.34mm) In the permanent dentition, the greatest width was found in the areas of maxillary permanent lateral incisors (3.00mm). The narrowest was noted in the area of mandibular first premolars(0.55mm). 2. In the primary dentition, the width of attached gingiva of primary canines and first and second primary molars became wider from the age of six as the age increased. In the permanent dentition of the boys, only mandibular central incisors and maxillary first molars showed the tendency towards increase in the width of attached gingiva with increasing age. In the permanent dentition of girls, central and lateral incisors of both jaws and maxillary first molars showed statistically significant increase in the width of attached gingiva with increasing age(p<0.05). 3. At the age of tooth change, the attached gingiva of primary teeth were almost wider than those of successive permanent teeth (p<0.05). 4. During the period of 6 to 12 years of age, the width of keratinized gingiva and the depth of gingival sulcus of permanent tooth at the age of twelve were larger than those of primary tooth at the age of six (p<0.05). 5. The maximum in the frequency of mucogingival problems was found in the areas of upper and lower first primary molars of primary dentition, and in the upper and lower first premolars of permanent dentition regardless of sex. The frequency was higher in primary teeth than in the corresponding successive permanent teeth These teeth showed tendency towards increase in mucogingival problems with age.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.37 no.3 s.122
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• pp.212-219
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• 2007

Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide an anatomical reference for cortical bone and soft tissue thickness, and the attached gingiva width in the mandible. Methods: Fifteen males and fifteen females participated in this study. An acrylic template was fabricated and the radiopaque markers were bonded on the estimated alveolar crest to take measurements of the hard and soft tissue thickness at the same locations. CT images were taken in samples wearing an acrylic template. Cortical bone and soft tissue thickness were measured at 2, 4, 6 and 8 mm from the alveolar crest in interradicular spaces from central incisor to first permanent molar. The attached gingival width was calibrated. Results: Cortical bone thickness was $1.33{\pm}0.38mm$ and soft tissue thickness was $1.49{\pm}0.54mm$. Cortical bone thickness was increased in the posterior area, while it was not the case for the soft tissue thickness. In addition, the total thickness was $2.82{\pm}0.70$. The attached gingival width was wider in the anterior area compared to that in posterior area. Conclusion: These results suggest that the attached gingiva width should be considered upon placement of mini-implants in the mandibular posterior area for orthodontic anchorage.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.25 no.2 s.213
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• pp.117-122
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• 1987

외과적 치주처치의 근본 목적은 치주낭을 제거함으로써 질환의 진행을 정지시키고 치주조직을 건강한 상태로 회복시켜 주는데 있다. 임상에서 적용할 수 있는 외과적 처치술식은 치주낭의 깊이, 부착치은의 폭경, 치조골의 상태, 염증의 진행정도 등의 사항을 고려하여 선택되어져야 하며, 대표적인 술식으로는 치은 절제술(gingivectomy), 치은 판막술(modified Widman flap, open flap curettage)등을 들 수 있다. 치은 절제술은 치은조직을 제거해야 한다는 의미에서 볼 때 부착치은의 넓이와 골내낭의 유무를 판단하여야 하며 치은판막술은 깊은 치주낭을 성성하고 있거나 골내낭이 있거나 부가적인 치조골의 처치가 필요한 경우 시행될 수 있다. 그러나 외과적 치주처치의 어떤 방법을 택하던지간에 계속적인 치태관리가 더 중요한 요인으로 강조되어야 한다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.88.2-88.2
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• 1985

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.215-215
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• 2007

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.1 s.66
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• pp.135-142
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• 1998

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of incisor protrusion on the mucogingival parameters including the width of attached gingiva. Thirty-seven young adults with lower anterior crowding were selected for this study. From the study model, the degrees of relative and absolute protrusions were measured for each lower incisor. Clinical non height, the width of keratinized gingiva, probing depth and the width of attached gingiva were measured with digital vernier calipers and Florida Probe System. Through comparing the difference of the above measurements between protruded and non-protruded incisors, and correlation analysis between each measurement, following results were obtained: 1. The protruded incisor showed narrow width of keratinized and attached gingiva comparing to non-protruded incisor. 2. The protruded incisor showed greater clinical crown height comparing to non-protruded side while there was no difference in the probing depth between protruded and non-protruded side. 3. The difference in the width of attached gingiva between protruded and non-protruded incisors showed higher significance in the lateral incisor than in the central incisor. 4. The degree of relative protrusion showed higher correlation with the width of attached gingiva than the degree of absolute protrusion. 5. Clinical crown height showed higher correlation with the width of attached gingiva than the degree of protrusion.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.395-400
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• 2010

The development of adhesive dentistry has allowed that the crown fragment reattachment can be another option in the treatment of crown fracture. However, additional crown lengthening procedure or extrusion of the tooth may be necessary in the treatment of crown root fracture because subgingival fracture line in close proximity to the alveolar bone leads to challenges for restorative procedure and the violation of the biologic width. This case report presents a modified crown fragment reattachment technique of crown root fracture with pulp exposure, which was done without additional crown lengthening procedures. After the endodontic treatment, the patient was treated using a post insertion and the fragment reattachment technique, which made it possible to preserve the space for the biologic width and maintain a dry surgical field for adequate adhesion through the modification of the fractured coronal fragment. Since a coronal fracture was occurred and reattached afterward, it was observed that the coronal fragment was well maintained without the additional loss of periodontal attachment through 2-year follow up.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.517-523
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the width of attached gingiva of young adults with healthy gingiva. We compared the differences according to the tooth location. The width of attached gingiva of maxilla and mandible was measured by histochemical method. The results were as follows: 1. The width of buccal keratinized gingiva in maxilla was widest in incisors(5.2-5.6mm) and narrowest in first bicuspids(4.4-4.5mm). 2. The width of buccal keratinized gingiva in mandible was widest in incisors(4.3-4.5mm) and narrowest in first bicuspids(3.2-3.3mm). 3. The width of lingual keratinized gingiva in mandible was widest in first molars(5.5-5.6mm) and narrowest in incisors(2.9-3.0mm). 4. The width of buccal attached gingiva in maxilla was widest in incisors(4.1-4.4mm) and narrowest in molars (3.0mm). 5. The width of buccal attached gingiva in mandible was widest in incisors(3.2-3.4mm) and narrowest in second molars (1.7-1.8mm). 6. The width of lingual attached gingiva in mandible was widest in first molars(3.5-3.7mm) and narrowest in incisors(1.9-2.1mm).