• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 1994

The potency of adventitious root initiation was investigated in relation with germination days and ike end of culture days healed with root induction medium on the initiation of adventitious roots from explants of soybean (Glycine max L.) cotyledon. Also, the changes in the pattern of protein profiles related with adventitious mot initiation have been examined by two-dimensional polyauyl-amide gel elecoophoresis during the germination and the initiation of adventitious roots. The potency of adventitious root initiation from germinated cotyledons was high after 4 days, and adventitious roots were initiated from after 4 days and very high after 6 days healed with mot induction medium There was a reproducible quantitative change in 34 specific protein spots during germination and adventitious root initiation. A necessary basic protein for adventitious root initiation with rotative molecular weight of 27 kD was induced during the germination. And three basic protein groups with relative molecular weight 22 kD, 23 kD and 33 kD, and two acidic protein groups with relative molecular weight 27kD and 29 kD were induced during the initiation of adventitious roots.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2002

The patterns of adventitious root formation from cotyledons for each cultivar of soybeans were compared. The results of adventitious root formation in cultivars are classified as two groups; the first group showed the direct adventitious root formation, and the second group resulted in the callus and adventitious root formation. The cultivars that have much callus formation had less the adventitious root formation. The adventitious root formation in the cotyledonary explants was occured only at the inoculation of adaxial side. When adaxial and abaxial side was inoculated simultaneously, the adventitious roots were formed at the adaxial side. Thus, it suggests that there must be direction to some extent. Starch in the cotyledonary explants were more abundant at the 4 days after induction than at the early stage of the adventitious root formation, but the starch was not observed after 7 days, that the growth stage of adventitious roots.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2000

In order to study the role of polyamines on the formation of adventitious roots, trichomes and calli, the effects of putrescine, spermidine, spermine, cyclohexylamine (CHA) and methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) were investigated in the leaf segment cultures from ecotype Columbia of Arabidopsis thaliana. When the leaf segments were cultured on the media for forming adventitious roots (0.1 mg/L NAA), trichomes (2.0 mg/L NAA) and calli (10.0 mg/L NAA), and then each cultures was treated with 1-100 mg/L of putrescine, spermidine and spermine, respectively. On the adventitious root-forming medium treated with polyamines the trichomes were induced with adventitious roots. And on the trichome-forming medium with polyamines calli were induced with trichomes. In orther hand each cultures was treated with 1-100 mg/L of CHA and MGBG, respectively. CHA promoted adventitious roots on the medium for adventitious roots, was not effected on media for trichomes and calli. MGBG inhibited adventitious roots, trichomes and calli in all cultures, and induced adventitious roots on medium for trichomes in high concentration.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.207-213
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• 1994

In order to study the effect of cyclohexylamine (CHA) and polyamines during adventitious root formation, the correlation of adventitious root formation with endogenous polyamine content was investigated in inoculated soybean cotyledons at the rooting medium supplemented with CHA, spermidine and spermine. Adventitious root formation was inhibited in medium containing 10$^{-3}$ -10$^{-2}$ M CHA. Adventitious root formation was not formed in treatment with 10$^{-2}$ M CHA plus polyamine. It was inhibited in 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ M CHA alone and reverved in 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ M CHA plus 10$^{-4}$ M spermine. Putrescine content was lower in 10$^{-2}$ M CHA and 10$^{-2}$ M CHAplus 10$^{-4}$ M spermine treatment than in control after 3 days of incubation. However, it was higher in 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ M CHA and 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ M CHA plus 10$^{-4}$ M spermine treatment than in control. Spermine content was higher in all CHA treatments than in control, while spermidine content was lower than in control.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 1994

In order to study on the effect of polyamine inhibitors and polyamines on adventitious root formation the correlation between adventitious root formation and polyamine levels were investigated in cultured soybean (Glycine max L.) cotyledons. Adventitious root formation was inhibited in medium containing 10$^{-4}$ -10/ sup -2/ M polyamine inhibition such as $\alpha$-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), $\alpha$-difluoromethylarginine (DFMA), cyclohexylammonium sulfate (CHA), dicyclohexyl-amine (DCHA) and methylglyoxal-bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG). An inhibitory effects at 10$^{-3}$ M MCBG were much higher than other treatments. Treatment with 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG plus 10$^{-5}$ M spermine led to reversal of the effects of MGBG alone. The polyamine levels were sharply increased in the first few days in each treatnent compared to control. The remarkably increasing polyamine contents were observed in medium supplemented spermine.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.211-217
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• 1999

The effect of auxins and cytokinins on the formation of adventitious shoots, adventitious roots, trichomes, and calli in MS basal medium was investigated in leaf segments from ecotype Columbia of Arabidopsis thaliana. Adventitious shoots, adventitious roots, trichome, and calli were formed from leaf segments by a wide range of hormone concentrations and combinations. Adventitious shoots were formed respectively in treatment with 0.1mg/L IAA and 10 mg/L BA. Adventitious roots were formed in treatments with low concentration of IAA and NAA. Trichomes and calli were formed by increasing the concentration of IAA and NAA. The optimal combination was 0.5mg/L NAA and 0.1mg/L BA for trichome formation, 10mg/L NAA and 10mg/L BA for calli formation. When NAA was treated alone in culture media, adventitious roots were formed in 0.1mg/L, trichomes were formed in 2.0mg/L, and calli were formed in 10mg/L. Inductive time for formation of adventitious roots, trichomes and calli were determined at 6,7 and 18 days respectively by periodical transfer of leaf segments from NAA containing medium to NAA free medium.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.390-396
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the action of phytohormones which influence the adventitious root formation of calli originating from the leaves of Persicaria perfoliata. The optimal medium condition for callus formation was ½-strength MS, 1% sucrose, and 4.5 μM 2,4-D. In order to determine which phytohormones had an effect on the adventitious root formation, the calluses were cultured in various media with different kinds of phytohormones. As a result, the medium with GA₃ or IAA was shown to induce root formation. To deeply investigate the effects of GA₃ and IAA, calli were cultured in 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/l levels of phytohormones. Numbers of roots formed per callus were 10.9, 14.2, 22.6 in GA₃, 5.8, 3.9, 1.1 in IAA, respectively. Therefore, the higher GA₃ or the lower IAA concentration, the more roots formed. To confirm this role of GA₃ we tested with inhibitors PBZ and NPA. GA₃ with PBZ resulted in reduction by 52.4~69.4% compared to GA₃ alone. In contrast, GA₃ with NPA resulted in an increase by -8~45.6% compared to GA₃ alone in root formation. Also, results were determined on the effect of GA₃ with other phytohormones on root formation. Kinetin, 2iP and ABA with GA₃ had a negative effect, but IAA with GA₃ showed a similar result to GA₃ alone. From these results we infer GA plays a key role and auxin has subsidiary activity on adventitious root formation. This is the first report that indicates GA₃ promotes adventitious root formation from calli in P. perfoliata.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 1999

In order to study the role of ethylene on the formation of adventitious roots, trichomes and calli, the effects of 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC), ethephon, $CoCl_2$ and $AgNO_3$ were investigated in the leaf segments from ecotype Columbia of Arabidopsis thaliana. When the leaf segments were cultured on the media for forming adventitious roots (0.1 mg/L NAA), trichomes (2.0 mg/L NAA) and calli (10.0 mg/L NAA), and then each cultures was treated with 1-100 mg/L of ACC and ethephon, respectively. On the adventitious root-forming medium adventitious root formation was decreased, and trichomes were induced. And on the trichome-forming medium trichome formation was decreased, and calli were induced. In order hand each culture was treated with 1-100 mg/L of $CoCl_2$ and $AgNO_3$, respectively. On the adventitious root-forming medium adventitious roots was increased without trichome formation, and on the trichome-forming medium trichome formation was decreased, and adventitious roots were induced. However on the callus-forming medium treated with ACC, ethephon, $CoCl_2$ and $AgNO_3$, respectively, callus formation was inhibited and trichomes were induced in all cultures.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.327-332
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• 1994

The effect of methylglyoxal-bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) and ethylene synthesis inhibitors on adventitious root formation from soybean cotyledon in relation to ethylene production and endogenous polyamine content was investigated. Cotyledon explants cultured on rooting medium formed numerous adventitious rook on the cut surfaces after 2 weeks of culture. However when cultured on rooting medium supplemented with MGBG, the root formation was strongly inhibited, its inhibitory effect was reserved when cultured on medium with MGBG + spermine, MGBG + CoCl$_2$ and MGBG + spermine+CoC1$_2$. A slight reversion of the rooting inhibition was observed in 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG +10$^{-5}$ M spermine treatment, whereas it caused a significant effect in 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG +10$^{-4}$ M treatment .Ethylene production and endogenous polymine content was investgated in 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG , 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG +10$^{-5}$ Mspermine, 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG +10$^{-4}$ M CoCl$_2$and 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG +10$^{-5}$ M spermine +10$^{-4}$ M CoCl$_2$treatments. Ethylene production highest in 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG +10$^{-5}$ M spermine treatment was higher than control. In 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG +10$^{-5}$ M spermine + 10$^{-4}$ M CoCl$_2$ treatment, ethilene production was lowest, whereas polyamine level was highest.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 1994

Calli were induced from leaf explants of B.falcatum, and selected cell clumps of the calli (900-1, 000${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg/L 2, 4-D for 7 days, respectively: The clumps were subsequently transferred onto MS basal medium and subcultured for four weeks. In order to investigate the effect of 2, 4-D pretreatment, the selected clumps were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L 2, 4-D for 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 or 144 hours and then transferred to liquid MS basal medium, wherein they were cultured for 4 weeks. Histological observation showed that root initial cells were developed from cells on the surface of clumps or from cells in the inner region. Clumps on the basal medium produced mot within 5 days of culture. The rate of prutruding time was inversely proportional to the concentration of 2, 4-D. The number of adventitious roots per clump preheated with 0.1 mg/L 2, 4-D was an average of 5.2, which was the highest level. On MS medium as control, the clumps formed 3.3 adventitious roots each. As tile concentration of 2, 4-D increased, the number of adventitious roots were declined accordingly: The number of adventitious roots as the period of pretreatment increased upto 120 h.