• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2021

This study was conducted to derive a model of a sustainable politics and administration system that will enhance human happiness. A new long-term sustainable development model has been established based on the experience of the politics and administration system over the past thousands of years. Currently, the democratic political system and the bureaucratic administrative system dominate, but they are facing many problems. In this study, we analyzed the politics and administration system experienced by human society, and derived a model of a politics and administration system that is ideal for the present and future societies and is sustainable in the long term. The necessary condition should be a model that can solve the problems of the current politics and administration system. It must be a model that is faithful to the characteristics and essence of modern society. And as a sufficient condition to ensure long-term sustainability, it must be based on the common principles of human society. After analyzing the problems of the current system and analyzing the conditions required for the new system, the axioms that are the basis of the politics and administration system were presented. Based on the axioms, the structure and operation model of a new politics and administration system were derived. The derived model was named as a servicism politics and administration system. It is a dynamic model in which two opposing opponents recognize each other's contradictions and balance them dialectically in the space-time dimension.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.117-129
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• 2015

As the Internet becomes ubiquitous, a large volume of information is posted on the Internet with exponential growth every day. Accordingly, it is not unusual that investors in stock markets gather and compile firm-specific or market-wide information through online searches. Importantly, it becomes easier for investors to acquire value-relevant information for their investment decision with the help of powerful search tools on the Internet. Our study examines whether or not the Internet helps investors assess a firm's value better by using firm-level data over long periods spanning from January 2004 to December 2013. To this end, we construct weekly-based search volume for information technology (IT) services firms on the Internet. We limit our focus to IT firms since they are often equipped with intangible assets and relatively less recognized to the public which makes them hard-to measure. To obtain the information on those firms, investors are more likely to consult the Internet and use the information to appreciate the firms more accurately and eventually improve their investment decisions. Prior studies have shown that changes in search volumes can reflect the various aspects of the complex human behaviors and forecast near-term values of economic indicators, including automobile sales, unemployment claims, and etc. Moreover, search volume of firm names or stock ticker symbols has been used as a direct proxy of individual investors' attention in financial markets since, different from indirect measures such as turnover and extreme returns, they can reveal and quantify the interest of investors in an objective way. Following this line of research, this study aims to gauge whether the information retrieved from the Internet is value relevant in assessing a firm. We also use search volume for analysis but, distinguished from prior studies, explore its impact on return comovements with market returns. Given that a firm's returns tend to comove with market returns excessively when investors are less informed about the firm, we empirically test the value of information by examining the association between Internet searches and the extent to which a firm's returns comove. Our results show that Internet searches are negatively associated with return comovements as expected. When sample is split by the size of firms, the impact of Internet searches on return comovements is shown to be greater for large firms than small ones. Interestingly, we find a greater impact of Internet searches on return comovements for years from 2009 to 2013 than earlier years possibly due to more aggressive and informative exploit of Internet searches in obtaining financial information. We also complement our analyses by examining the association between return volatility and Internet search volumes. If Internet searches capture investors' attention associated with a change in firm-specific fundamentals such as new product releases, stock splits and so on, a firm's return volatility is likely to increase while search results can provide value-relevant information to investors. Our results suggest that in general, an increase in the volume of Internet searches is not positively associated with return volatility. However, we find a positive association between Internet searches and return volatility when the sample is limited to larger firms. A stronger result from larger firms implies that investors still pay less attention to the information obtained from Internet searches for small firms while the information is value relevant in assessing stock values. However, we do find any systematic differences in the magnitude of Internet searches impact on return volatility by time periods. Taken together, our results shed new light on the value of information searched from the Internet in assessing stock values. Given the informational role of the Internet in stock markets, we believe the results would guide investors to exploit Internet search tools to be better informed, as a result improving their investment decisions.

• Korean Architects
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• no.3 s.383
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• pp.92-99
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• 2001

96년 미국과 멕시코로 루이스 칸과 바라간 등의 건축 답사를 다녀온 후로, 우리 전통 문화유산을 두루 보러 다녔다. 그동안 가까이 있는 것은 언제건 보겠거니 하고 미뤄 온 터라, 우리 것을 너무 도외시해 온 것 같은 자책감이 생겼기 때문이다. 그리고 건축관에 변화가 있는건 아니지만, 답사하면서 이따금 좋은 느낌을 만나 반가웠다. 솔직히 말해서 다 그런 것은 아니고 손꼽아 말할 수 있었다. 그러면서 필자는 건축적 가치의 획득이 고전과 현대 또는 양식의 차이에 의해서가 아니고, 자체의 성공 여부에 있다는 것을 확신하게 되었다. 건축의 본질은 변함없으며, 건축에 반영된 시대 상황이 다를 따름이라 생각한다. 우리는 훌륭한 문화유산을 많이 갖고 있다. 하지만 국가나 개인의 살림이 넉넉해서 그렇게 되어졌다고 생각지는 않는다. 종묘가 만들어진 것은 정신적 힘에 의해 이룩됐을 것이다. 그렇게 해서 지금 우리에게 위대한 모습으로 남겨 있는 것이 감사하다. 전통건축은 현대 사유 체계로는 추구될 수 없는 이상적인 모습을 띠고 있다. 그리고 오늘날 건축의 자본주의 행태와 대조되는 교훈도 느낀다. 도대체 우리 선조들에게는 구도하듯 짓는 어떤 전통이 있었기에 그렇게 훌륭한 건축이 남겨질 수 있었을까? 그 흔적을 나름대로 찾아보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.159-160
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• 2017

현재 스마트폰은 보편화가 되며 APP 산업도 신속하게 발전하고 있다. APP 아이콘의 디자인도 미니멀리즘이 점점 업계에서 주류가 되고 있다. 미니멀리즘 APP아이콘은 간결함, 세련된 종합적인 디자인을 이용하여 풍부한 내용 및 본질적 특성을 전달하고 있다. 본 논문은 실제 생활서비스로 APP아이콘으로 연구 대상으로 삼고 사례를 분석하며 미니멀리즘 스마트폰 APP아이콘을 표현 방법 및 주의상황을 요약하였다.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.137
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• pp.57-79
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to explain MacIntyre's critique of moral pluralism of modern society and reveal the limits of his critique of liberalism. It is a distinctive feature of the social and cultural order that we inhabit that disagreements over central moral issues are peculiarly unsettleable. Debates concerned with the value of human life such as those over abortion and euthanasia, or about distributive justice and property rights, or about war and peace degenerate into confrontations of assertion and counter-assertion because the protagonists of rival positions invoke incommensurable forms of moral assertion against each other. We usually call this situation 'modern moral pluralism' and concede as the natural outcome of the activities of human reason under free institution. But in After Virtue, MacIntyre vigorously criticizes modern moral pluralism. The main cause he took which brought about this state of affairs was the failure of 'the Enlightenment project'. According to MacIntyre, the Enlightenment project which has dominated philosophy for the past three hundred years promised a conception of rationality independent of historical and social context, and independent of any specific understanding of man's nature or purpose. But not only has that promise in fact been unfulfilled, the project is itself fundamentally flawed and the promise could never be fulfilled. In consequence, modern moral and political thought are in a state of disarray from which they can be rescued only if we revert to an Aristotelian paradigm, with its essential commitment, and construct an account of practical reason premised on that commitment. But one of the deepest difficulties with the argument of After Virtue is that the very extent of its critique of the modern world seems to cast doubt on the possibility of any realistic revival under the conditions of modernity of the Aristotelianism which MacIntyre advocates. Especially when we consider we are not only the characters found in our narratives but also we ourselves are the author of our own narratives. Moral pluralism is not seen as disaster but rather as the natural outcome of the activities of human reason under enduring free institutions.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.313-343
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• 2005

오늘날 환경문제는 범지구적이며 인류의 생존 자체를 위협할 만큼 심각하다. 산업화가 환경문제 발생의 근원적 원인이다. 하지만 자연관, 자연에 대한 지식 증가, 기술개발, 경제성장과 불평등 등도 환경문제 발생의 중요한 원인들이다. 인구는 사회가 성립하는 데 필요한 요소이지만 환경문제 발생의 한 원인이 되기도 한다. 그 이유는 인구가 지탱되는 데 필요한 의식주는 전적으로 자연자원에 의존하고 있는데 인구의 크기는 자연이 감당할 수 있는 용량을 초과했기 때문이다. 이러한 관점은 인구와 환경의 관계에서 인구를 하나의 집합체로 보고 양적으로 접근한다. 그러나 환경문제 발생원으로서는 인구는 질적 차원에서도 접근할 필요가 있다. 즉 집합체로서의 인구를 구성하는 개별 행위자들이 일상생활에서 얼마나 친환경적 행동을 하는 가라는 점도 파악돼야 한다. 왜냐하면 절대 인구수가 같더라도 전체로서의 인구를 구성하는 개별 행위자들의 자연관, 생활양식 등에 따라 자연에 전개하는 행동이 다르고 결국 자연에 가해지는 영향(impact)이 다르기 때문이다. 집합체로서의 인구가 환경문제 발생원인으로 의히마는 바는, 자연자원의 공급량을 훨씬 초과해 추출한다는 점과 자연이 흡수 처리할 수 있는 능력 이상으로 생산${\cdot}$유통${\cdot}$소비과정에서 과도하게 폐기물을 발생시킨다는 점이다. 반면 개별 행위자로서의 인구가 환경문제 발생원인으로 의미하는 바는 풍요성과 편리성을 극대화시키고 일상생활에서 친환경적이지 않은 행동을 무분별하게 한다는 점이다. 이런 맥락에서 이 연구는 환경문제의 본질을 먼저 논의했고 환경문제 발생 메커니즘에 인구가 어떤 방식으로 적용하는 지를 두 가지 차원 - 집합체로서의 인구와 개별 행위자로서의 인구 - 에서 논의하였다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.458-473
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• 2005

This paper begins with a critique that researches of geography education in Korea have not reflected the ideological debates in education and geography. The purpose of this paper is to figure implications for socially-critical geography education being studied in England as openly-ideological approach. First, ideological viewpoints of geography education was categorized through analysis of ideology in education and geography. Especially, a limit of conservative and liberal approach is indicated, socially-critical viewpoint is intrinsically justified as alternative logic. Socially-critical theorizing can change teacher's role as an agent of curriculum change and their conduct knowledge as well as geography curriculum. Second, (social) concern-oriented geography education to be more concerned to 'the social' can be realized through the third space approach and committed geography education as critical pedagogy. And, critical literacy is needed to teachers and students for practice of socially-critical geography education.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-44
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyse the possibilities and legitimacies for using integrated essay on Home Economics Education, and to suggest the instructional design. Integrated Essay consisted with three composers, subject(students), object(texts), and strategy(thinking abilities). The results of theoretical analysis, socio-constructionalism by Vygotsky, the deconstructional literacy criticism by Derrida, and cognitive psychological approach by Beyer, Wood et al, Hayes were supported the integrated essay in instruction for Home Economics Education. Also, essay tests types of university entrance exams in Korea, previous researches of thinking ability in Home Economics Education, and essay questions in textbook were analysed. As results, theoretical framework, instruction process, and instruction design for integrated essay in Home Economics Education were developed. The possibility of integrated essay is high but it's real estimate will success when Home Economics Education realize it's nature.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.148
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• pp.1-27
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• 2018

The 10th constitution established in 1987 serves as the theoretical foundation of democracy in South Korea in the 21st century. Respect for human rights, resistance to injustice, and equality consciousness inherent in this constitution do not conflict with the content of Confucian philosophy. This means that the spirit of the constitution of South Korea in the 21st century was formed under the influence of the idea of democracy and Confucian philosophy. However, the 10th constitution attaches importance to the idea of the 'Basic free and democratic order', which was accepted in the Yushin constitution and inherited by the military forces. The Yushin constitution was affected by liberalism that prioritizes freedom over equality rather than supporting the compatibility between freedom and equality. Therefore, policies to expand the interests of the bourgeoisie rather than public welfare or the interests of the public have been implemented frequently. In particular, during the Lee Myeong-bak and Park Geun-hye regimes, many unequal phenomena were mass-produced. Confucian philosophy in the 21st century critically sees this unequal society. Confucian philosophy thinks that a sense of relative deprivation plays a role of alienating humans and emphasizes the importance of equal relationships. In addition, this constitution emphasizes the rule of law. However, the rule of law attaches importance to positive laws when the spirit of the constitution that contains natural law is applied to reality through systems. This rejects autonomous judgments and choices while inducing reliance on heteronomy. These heteronomous laws as such are accompanied by forcibleness. The positive laws as such can degrade humans into passive beings that indiscriminately adapt themselves to frames already set instead of active beings that think freely and creatively. Confucian philosophy regards and criticizes the rule of law as a system that makes humans into a means. Confucian philosophy regards humans as moral beings instead of tools. Confucian philosophy seeks to build a healthy society through morality accomplished through conscious realization of the principles of life. Confucian philosophy regards humans as originally free beings. Therefore, human beings are autonomous beings, not heteronomous beings. According to Confucian philosophy, humans beings that can realize the morality contained in their inner side by themselves to responsibly carry out their own judgments and choices. Therefore, Confucian philosophy, which considers human beings as beings to be trusted instead of beings to be distrusted, attaches importance to the realization of human decency through edification rather than by punishment through the law. This means that human values cannot be kept by the heteronomy termed positive laws but the identity of humans can be maintained by voluntary choices and judgments. As such, the comment of Confucian philosophy on the problems of liberal democracy and positive laws contained in the 10th constitution can be helpful in essentially solving the contradictions of modern South Korean society.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.129
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• pp.247-265
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• 2014

In this paper I will undertake three tasks: first, to identify the difference between John Rawls's liberal conception of liberty and Will Kymlicka's; second, to briefly examine the problems with liberal conception of liberty; finally, to propose a certain alternative that will be able to make liberal conception of liberty more meaningful In Kymlicka's view, Rawls seems to fail to make the best defence of freedom of choice because he wants to explain of individual freedom on the basis of Kant's moral theory about liberty. Kymlicka thinks that it is not a desirable way of defending liberal conception of liberty. According to his liberal theory, Rawls's defence of freedom of choice might make us think that we should have our freedom of choice for its own sake because freedom is the most valuable in the world. So Kymlicka wants to provide stronger argument to defend freedom of choice in liberalism. He insists that it is our projects and tasks that are most important things in our lives. Furthermore, he argues that we should conceive our freedom of choice as a precondition for pursuing those projects and practices that are valued for our good lives. Now I want to look at two concepts of liberty in liberalism with Rawls's theory and Kymlicaka's. In this paper, I shall look at criticisms of the liberal account of freedom of choice. These would give us a certain chance for understanding true freedom.