• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.16-19
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 송신국과 릴레이에서의 오류확률을 고려한 복호 후 전달 릴레이(DF: Decoded and Forward) 시스템에 대하여 정확한 비트 오류율 분석을 수행하고자 한다. 성능 분석에서는 복호 후 전달 릴레이 시스템의 노드들 간의 채널을 상호 독립적인 레일리 페이딩 채널로 가정하고 변조 방식으로는 BPSK(Binary Phase Shift Keying)를 사용한다. 우선, 정확한 평균 오류율 분석을 위하여 송신국-수신국 링크와 릴레이-수신국 링크 결합시 릴레이노드의 복호결과 오류 유무에 따라 수신 SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio)을 각각 유도하고 복호결과가 오류일 때 수신 SNR이 양수인 경우와 음수인 경우를 고려하여 그에 대한 PDF(Probability Density Function)를 계산한다. 그리고 각각의 경우에 대한 평균 오류율을 유도하였다. 또한 모의실험 결과와의 비교를 통하여 제안된 성능 분석 기법의 정확성을 검증하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.7B
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• pp.517-527
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• 2012

This paper considers a cooperative communication system with a single relay node, where two-layer superposition coding and successive decoding is employed to reduce the expected distortion of a Gaussian source delivered. For the system, we propose a relay scheme which forwards an appropriate relay signal at the relay node, based on the local decoding result of layers and the decoding result of layers at the destination node fed back to the relay node. In the scheme, the relay signal is designed not only by applying decode-and-forward but also by applying amplify-and-forward to reduce the outage probability in final decoding of each layer. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated numerically in terms of the expected distortion at various relay locations using outage probabilities derived. The results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional schemes in most cases of the relay location and the gain gets larger when the relay node is closer to the source node in particular.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2011

In this paper, a semi-analytical approach is proposed for decode-and-forward(DF) relay systems over rayleigh fading channels. At first, we derive the general form of the averaged bit error rate(BER) based on error-events at relay nodes in which a selection scheme is not used. It is confirmed that an erroneous detection and transmission at relay nodes can cause the degradation of the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the averaged BER performance. Furthermore, the proposed method can be extended to selective-DF(SDF) relay schemes so that it is verified to be another general solution for DF relay systems. Also, proposed semi-analytical expressions have been verified by comparing with simulations.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.94-102
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• 2009

In [1], the authors have proposed a novel scheme to achieve full diversity and to combat the time delays from each relay node, but decode-and-forward (DF) model operation mode puts more processing burden on the relay. In this paper, we not only extend their model into amplify and forward (AF) model proposed in [2],[3], but also propose an efficient decoding algorithm, which is able to order the joint channel coefficients of overall channel consisting of source-relay link and relay-destination link and cancels the previous decoded symbols at the next decoding procedure. The simulation results show that this algorithm efficiently improves its performance achieving 2-3dB gain compared to [1] in high SNR region and also useful to DF achieving more than 3dB gain compared to an original algorithm.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1319-1322
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• 2005

복호 후 전달 협력 통신 프로토콜(DFP: Decode-and-Forward Cooperative Communication Protocol)은 물리적인 안테나의 증가 없이 다중 안테나 시스템의 장점을 가지는 통신 방법이다. 지금까지는 신호 대 잡음 비율(SNR: Signal to Noise Ratio)이나 경로이득 크기의 루트를 취한 값들을 이용하여 중계 노드에서 복호한 데이터를 전달 여부를 결정하여 중계 노드에서 부정확한 검파가 되지 않도록 방지하였다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 DFP 에서 사용되던 SNR 을 대체할 수 있는 LLR(Log-Likelihood Ratio)를 이용하는 방법을 제안하였다. 레일리 페이딩 환경과 AWGN 환경에서 기준값이나 중계 노드의 위치에 상관없이 LLR 기반의 DFP 가 SNR 기반의 DFP 보다 높은 성능을 보이는 것을 확인하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.12A
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• pp.949-961
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• 2009

This paper analyses BER (Bit Error Rate) performance of 2-hop wireless communications networks with hybrid decode-and-forward (HDF) relays. The conventional HDF method is usually based on the receive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the relay to decide whether to forward the decoded data in order to obviate the erroneous detection at the relay. In contrast, we propose a new solution of using log-likelihood ratio (LLR) as an efficient alternative to SNR. The approximate BER expressions of different HDF schemes are also derived and verified by Monte-Carlo simulations. In addition, we compute the optimum thresholds for HDF schemes. A variety of numerical results demonstrate that the new LLR-based HDF significantly outperforms the SNR-based HDF for any threshold level and relay location under flat Rayleigh fading channel plus AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.11A
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• pp.831-843
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a new adaptive cooperation scheme with multi-relay nodes which achieves higher performance and spectral efficiency than that of some conventional cooperative schemes. The relay-selection is applied to choose the most potential relay among K ones. Afterward, the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) differences between S-D, S-R and R-D channels are considered for adaptive selection between the direct and the cooperation transmission strategy. In the proposed adaptive protocol, if the direct link is of high quality, the source will transmit to destination directly with all power consumption. Otherwise, the source broadcasts the signal with a lower power and requires the help of the chosen relay if it decodes correctly, else the source will transmit again with remaining power. Firstly, the spectral efficiency is derived by calculating the probability of each mode. Subsequently, the BER performance for the adaptive cooperation scheme is analyzed by considering each event that one of K relays is selected and then making the summation of all. Finally, the numerical results are presented to confirm the performance enhancement offered by the proposed schemes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.12A
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• pp.1260-1266
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• 2007

Error propagation of source-relay (S-R) link limits the performance of decode-and-forward (DF) relay and prohibits DF relay from achieving full diversity gain. In order to solve this problem, the proposed deployment strategy focuses on two objectives. One is to achieve full diversity gain, and the other is to minimize the used power of the DF relay system. In order to achieve full diversity, the error probability of S-R link should be lower than that of maximal ratio combining (MRC) at destination without error propagation since the error probability of the weaker link dominates the total error probability. The proposed strategy of relay positioning points out the range of the relay position for achieving full diversity, and the used power of the relay is minimized by this range. Analysis of error probability and simulation results prove that the two objectives are achieved by the proposed strategy of the relay position.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.5 s.108
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• pp.601-606
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• 2006

Decode-and-forward cooperative communications protocol (DFP) allows single-antenna users in wireless medium to obtain the powerful benefits of multi-antenna systems without physical antenna arrays. For this protocol, so far the relays have used SNR to evaluate the reliability of the received signal before deciding whether to forward the decoded data so as to prevent their unsuccessful detection. However, SNR only characterizes the long-term statistic of Gaussian noise and thus leading to inaccurate assesment. Therefore, we propose using log-likelihood ratio (LLR) which accounts for the instantaneous noise in the received signal as an alternative to SNR. A variety of simulation results reveal the significant superiority of the SNR-based DFP to the SNR-based DFP regardless of threshold level and relay position under the flat Rayleigh fading channel plus AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise).

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.426-428
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• 2000

화상회의 시스템의 영상 압축표준 중 하나인 H.261은 화상전화기에서 주로 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 H.261 영상에 부가영상을 삽입하는 방법을 제안한다. H.261 영상에 단순히 부가영상을 삽입하면 움직임보상 데이터 처리를 하지 않기 때문에 전달된 H.261 영상으로부터 원래의 영상을 복원하기 어렵다. 이를 해결하는 방법으로 원시 H.261 영상 전체를 복호화 한 후 부가영상을 삽입하고 다시 부호화 하는 방법이 있으나 이 경우 처리해 주어야 할 데이터가 너무 많아 수행속도의 저하를 가져온다. 제안한 방법은 움직임 보상 정보가 영상에 아무 영향을 미치지 않을 경우에는 허프만 복/부호화만을 사용하여 단순 삽입을 하고, 움직임 보상 정보가 부가영상과 겹치게 되어 부가 영상이 포함된 영상을 전달 받는 측에서 문제가 될 경우만 복호화해 두었던 영상데이터를 보낸다. 간단한 실험을 통하여 제안된 알고리즘의 성능을 분석한 결과 전체를 복/부호화하는 방법에 비하여 대략 3배의 속도의 향상을 보였다.