• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.266-275
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• 1995

A numerical investigation on the conduction-natural convection-surface radiation conjugate heat transfer in the enclosure having substrate and chips has been performed. A 2-dimensional simulation model is developed by considering heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation. The solutions to the equation of radiative transfer are obtained by the discrete ordinates method using S-4 quadrature. The effects of Rayleigh number and the substrate-fluid thermal conductivity ratio on the cooling of chip are analyzed. The result shows that radiation is the dominant heat transfer mode in the enclosure.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.164-169
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• 2001

There is a chilled ceiling panel which carries out the air conditioning by radiation and convection between the room and cold ceiling panel surface. In order to verify heat transfer characteristics between them in cooling system with radiant chilled ceiling panel, analytical and experimental studies were performed for various design and operating parameters such as tube space and diameter, inlet water temperature, mass flow rate, cooling load, and so on. In this study, we found that the tube space and inlet water temperature were more important elements than the tube diameter and water flow rate for the performance of radiant chilled ceiling panel. The cooling capacity of the radiant chilled ceiling panel had the maximum value of $65W/m^{2}$ because the highest cooling capacity was limited by the condensation on the panel surface. The results of comparison between numerical analysis and experiment showed a resonable agreement qualitatively, especially for low cooling capacity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.9-17
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• 2002

최근에 초전도 산업과 저온 작동 정밀 센서 기술의 발전으로 극저온 냉동기 또는 극저온 한제에 의해 냉각된 저온 용기의 저온 유지 기술이 필요하게 되었다. 또한 의료용 MRI, 야간 투시경용 적외선 센서, 이동통신무선기지국용 초전도 필터 등과 같이 일반인들도 극저온을 이용하게 되어 보다 사용하기 쉽고 안정적인 저온용기가 요구되고 있다. 저온용기의 저온 유지 기술은 진공 및 복사 단열 기술 뿐만 아니라 극저온 발생기술과 진공 발생 기술이 같이 고려되어야 하는 복합기술로서 앞으로 전자, 정보 통신, 나노, 바이오 산업 등에도 널리 활용될 수 있는 기반 기술로 자리 매김 할 것으로 보여 관련 연구자들의 많은 노력과 관심이 요구된다.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.68.1-68.1
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• 2012

CIBER 2(Cosmic Infrared Background ExpeRiment 2)는 CIBER1의 후속과제로 진행되는 사업으로써 적외선 기기를 NASA Sounding Rocket에 탑재하여 0.5-2.1${\mu}m$ 파장대의 적외선 우주배경복사를 관측하고 실험하는 과제이다. CIBER 2는 NASA에서 공식 승인되어 진행되고 있는 사업이며, 미국의 Caltech, 한국의 KASI, 일본의 ISAS/JAXA가 국제협력으로 진행하는 과제이다. 한국의 KASI는 반사경의 광학계 및 광기계부 개발, 전자부 개발에 참여하고 있다. CIBER 2의 광학계는 카세그레인 방식으로써 주경의 직경은 300mm이다. CIBER 2는 77K로 냉각되어 적외선우주배경복사를 관측하기 때문에 특히, 열수축에 의한 영향을 고려하여 설계, 제작, 조립이 되어야 한다. 또한, 광학계 구조물이 조립되는 로켓의 내경이 400mm이기 때문에 광학계 구조물의 직경에 제한이 따른다. 본 발표에서는 KASI가 주도적으로 개발 중인 반사경 마운트와 광학계 구조물의 초기설계와 광기계 해석결과들에 대해서 논한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.151-152
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to find out harmful effects of concrete, an essential material in modern architecture, on the human body. Based on the results from animal testing, we can consider the effects on the human body. The results of this study were as follows; Experimental Mouses in concrete have low body temperature due to cold radiation and more aggressive due to cold stress. Therefore, Cold radiation, a property of concrete, makes body temperature lower and affect the body's immune function.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.08a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2010

본 논문은 진공챔버 내부에서 위성 표면의 온도를 제어하기 위한 할로겐램프를 이용한 적외선 발열장치의 개발에 관한 것으로, 인공위성이 우주궤도에서 받게 되는 복사에너지를 지상의 진공챔버 내에서 모사하기 위한 비접촉 적외선 발열장치에 관한 것이다. 진공챔버 내에서의 비접촉식 발열 방법 중, 진공환경에서의 오염을 발생시키지 않고, 발열 시간 및 냉각 시간이 가장 짧으며, 높은 열효율로 태양복사에너지를 가장 근사하게 모사할 수 있는 할로겐 램프를 이용한 발열 방법을 적용하였으며, 램프에서 방사되는 열에너지가 위성표면에 균일하게 분포될 수 있도록 위성 표면으로부터의 거리와 램프의 개수, 램프의 배열에 따른 에너지 분포 계산식을 도출하여 적용하였다. 공급 전압에 따른 램프의 저항특성을 파악하여, 원격으로 제어되는 150 VDC, 5 A의 직류전원공급기를 이용해 램프의 발열량을 조절하였으며, 발열량에 따른 위성 표면온도에 대한 해석을 수행하였다. 램프를 이용한 비접촉식 적외선 발열장치 개발을 통해 진공환경에서의 시험대상에 대한 효율적인 열에너지 부과방법 수립이 가능하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 1996

A direct cooling equipment for hydrogen liquefaction has been developed and tested. A direct cooling equipment consists of a liquefaction vessel, a radiation shield, a cryostat and a GM refrigerator. The cool-down and warm-up characteristics of the liquefaction apparatus have been investigated in detail. It is found that the hydrogen starts to be liquefied in the liquefaction vessel after 45 minutes of cool-down. The cool-down and warm-up tests of helium gas are also performed. The cool-down and warm-up characteristics of helium gas are found to be very different from those of hydrogen gas, since helium is not liquefied under the present operating conditions. When the liquefaction vessel is evacuated, natural convection phenomena of charged gas in liquefaction vessel can be removed. It is seen that the cool-down time of liquefaction vessel is substantially increased in vacuum environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.288-296
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• 2019

Radiation cooling has used ceilings or floors as cooling surfaces. In such cases, to avoid moisture condensation on the surface, the surface temperature needs be higher than the dew point temperature or an additional dehumidifier is added. In this study, with a goal for residential application, intentional moisture condensation on the cooling surface was attempted, which increased the cooling capacity and improved the indoor comfortness. This method included two separate refrigeration cycles - convection-type dehumidifying cycle and the panel cooling cycle. Test results on the panel cooling cycle showed that, at the standard outdoor ($35^{\circ}C/24^{\circ}C$) and indoor ($27^{\circ}C/19.5^{\circ}C$) condition, the refrigerant flow rate was 8.8 kg/h, condensation temperature was $51^{\circ}C$, evaporation temperature was $8.8^{\circ}C$, cooling capacity was 376 W and COP was 1.75. Furthermore, the panel temperature was uniform within $1^{\circ}C$ (between $13^{\circ}C$ and $14^{\circ}C$). As the relative humidity decreased, the cooling capacity decreased. However, the power consumption remained approximately constant. In the convection-type dehumidification cycle, the refrigerant flow rate was 21.1 kg/h, condensation temperature was $61^{\circ}C$, evaporation temperature was $5.0^{\circ}C$, cooling capacity was 949 W and COP was 2.11 at the standard air condition. When both the radiation panel cooling and the dehumidification cycle operated simultaneously, the cooling capacity of the radiation panel cycle was 333 W and that of the dehumidification cycle was 894 W, and the COP was 1.89. As the fan flow rate decreased, both the cooling capacity of the radiation panel and the dehumidification cycle decreased, with that of the dehumidification cycle decreasing at a higher rate. Finally, a possible control logic depending on the change of the cooling load was proposed based on the results of the present study.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.306-316
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• 2006

In this study, the effect of the shade level, water flow rate applied to the shades and the temperature of water on the greenhouse cooling was investigated depending on the shade level of 0, 35, 55, 75%, and water flow rate and water temperature by the test on the small wooden frames to find out the low cost cooling method. With increasing of the dry bulb temperature of outside air, the dry bulb temperature in the wooden frames increased. For the frames with the shade and water, inside temperatures of the frames were lower of -0.2$\sim$-1.2$^{\circ}C$ than the temperature of the outside air and higher than the water temperature. For the frames without water, inside temperatures of the frames were higher of 1.7$\sim$4$^{\circ}C$ than the outside and not affected by the shade level very much. The water flow rate and the temperature of the water were not the important factors to decrease the inside temperatures in the frames. The black globe temperature became lower with increasing of shade level. The shade frames with water curtain showed the best cooling effect because of reducing thermal radiation and cooling the plastic film cover. The surface temperatures of the plastic film cover for the water supplied modules became lower with increasing of the shade level. The relative humidity was decreased with the dry bulb temperature in the frame increasing and not affected by the dry bulb temperature of the outside air for the frames with the shade and water.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.24-30
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• 2002

본 글에서는 정밀 전자 소자등을 극저온으로 냉동시키는 데 필요불가결한 극저온 단열 기술에 대하여 간단히 알아보았다. 역사가 가장 오래되고 기본적인 진공 단열 기술로 시작하여, 공간에 고형의 물질을 삽입하는 다층 단열 기술과 분말 단열 기술에 대하여 토의하였다. 실제 응용시에는 요구되는 열적 성능과 경제적 제한 조건을 고려하여 가장 적합한 단열 방법을 선정하도록 하여야한다 또한 극저온 단열 용기의 실제 열해석 예로서 적외선 센서의 극저온 용기에 대한 정상 및 과도 열전달 해석에 대하여 간단히 기술하였다. 정상상태의 경우는 많은 경우 해석적인 해를 구할 수 있지만, 시간에 따라 온도가 변하는 과도 상태의 경우는 수치해석적인 방법이 요구된다. 열해석에서 일반적으로 쓰이는 유한차분법이 극저온 단열 용기의 열해석에도 유용하게 쓰일 수 있음을 보였다.