• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.111-123
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of the present study is to examine the effects of the Field Management Training Program for home care services personnel on their understanding and professional competences. Methods: The subjects were 373 team managers of public home care services who participated in the training program. Data was collected with a self-administered questionnaire in April and September, 2007. The subjects' level of understanding of home care was measured by 35 questions divided into 8 categories while their professional competence was measured by 15 questions divided into 5 categories. Result: After attending the training, the subjects' understanding improved from 20.90 points (possible range: 4~32) to 26.11 points. The most improvement was evident in the Planning and Public Health Education categories. Their professional competences improved from 10.81 points (possible range: 4~16) to 12.51 points. The improvement of their understanding and professional competences differed across to training places. It was also evident that an increase in understanding brought about an increase in professional competence. Conclusion: The Field Management Training Program needs to be continued with efforts to reduce the differences of training effects between training places. And additional recommendations should be made through further evaluation of subsequent training programs.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.5-11
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• 2014

Recently, there have been various lifeline installations constructed in the underground space of urban area due to the effective use of land. For newly installed lifelines or the management of the installed lifelines, many construction activities of excavation and backfilling are observed. Around these area, there are possibilities of collapse or excessive settlement due to the leaking of the pipe or unsatisfactory compaction of backfill material. Besides, construction costs can be saved since the on-site soils are used. The application of this liquidity filling material is not only to the lifeline installation but also to underpin the foundation under the vibrating machinery. On the evaluation of the applicability of this method to this circumstance, the strength should be investigated against the static load from the machine load as well as the vibration load from the activation of the machine. In this study, the applicability of the liquidity fill material on the foundation under the vibrating machinery is assessed via uniaxial compression and resonant column tests. The liquidity filling material consisting of the on-site soils with loess and kaolinite are tested to investigate the static and dynamic characteristics. Furthermore, the applicability of the reclaimed ash categorized as an industrial waste is evaluated for the recycle of the waste to the construction materials. The experimental results show that the shear modulus and 7 day uniaxial strength of the liquidity filling material mixed with reclaimed ash show higher than those with the on-site soils. However, the damping ratio does not show any tendency on the mixed materials.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2015

Considerable research efforts are being directed towards analyzing unstructured data such as text files and log files using commercial and noncommercial analytical tools. In particular, researchers are trying to extract meaningful knowledge through text mining in not only business but also many other areas such as politics, economics, and cultural studies. For instance, several studies have examined national pending issues by analyzing large volumes of text on various social issues. However, it is difficult to provide successful information services that can identify R&D documents on specific national pending issues. While users may specify certain keywords relating to national pending issues, they usually fail to retrieve appropriate R&D information primarily due to discrepancies between these terms and the corresponding terms actually used in the R&D documents. Thus, we need an intermediate logic to overcome these discrepancies, also to identify and package appropriate R&D information on specific national pending issues. To address this requirement, three methodologies are proposed in this study-a hybrid methodology for extracting and integrating keywords pertaining to national pending issues, a methodology for packaging R&D information that corresponds to national pending issues, and a methodology for constructing an associative issue network based on relevant R&D information. Data analysis techniques such as text mining, social network analysis, and association rules mining are utilized for establishing these methodologies. As the experiment result, the keyword enhancement rate by the proposed integration methodology reveals to be about 42.8%. For the second objective, three key analyses were conducted and a number of association rules between national pending issue keywords and R&D keywords were derived. The experiment regarding to the third objective, which is issue clustering based on R&D keywords is still in progress and expected to give tangible results in the future.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.4 s.34
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• pp.9-26
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• 2004

The purposes of this study are to develop and apply the student activity centered career exploring program and to verify effectiveness on the students' career maturity level. The subjects of this study were 137 students. 4 classes of a middle school in Jinju. They were divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group. For experiment, the career exploring program was input to the experimental group for 14 class hours. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The student activity centered career exploring program applied to the unit $\ulcorner$The Choice of Career and Job Morals$\lrcorner$ was effective in raising the attitude of the career maturity level. As the result of verifying the differences. there was a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the planning quality and the attitude of works. 2. The student activity centered career exploring program applied to the unit $\ulcorner$The Choice of Career and Job Morals$\lrcorner$ was effective in raising the ability field of the career maturity level. The experimental group showed more statistically meaningful differences in the knowledge of jobs, the information exploring, and the self-understanding than the control group. Consequently. the effects of the student activity centered career exploring program on the career maturity level in the unit $\ulcorner$The Choice of Career and Job Morals$\lrcorner$. all the fields of the career maturity level showed the statistically meaningful differences except the independence quality of the attitude field and the decision making of the ability field. So it is concluded that the experiment program elevated the students' career maturity level. However. as the result of analysing independent sample t-test of the pre-test and the post-test. the program was ineffective in the independence quality and the decision making. When this career exploring program is applied to the unit $\ulcorner$The Choice of Career and Job Morals$\lrcorner$. it is recommended to strengthen the activities to cultivate the independence quality and the decision making power.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2006

In this study, we constructed a forest fire danger map in the Yeongdong area of Gangwon-do and Northeastern area of Gyeongsangbuk-do using a forest fire rating model and geographical information system (GIS). We investigated the appropriate positions of the automatic weather station (AWS) and a comprehensive network solution (a system including measurement, communication and data processing) for the establishment of an optimum mountain meteorological observation network system (MMONS). Also, we suggested a possible plan for combining the MMONS with unmanned monitoring camera systems and wireless relay towers operated by local governments and the Korea Forest Service for prevention of forest fire.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.253-260
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• 2021

Purpose: The least constrained prosthesis is generally recommended in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Nevertheless, a varus/valgus constrained (VVC) prosthesis should be implanted when a semi-constrained prosthesis is not good for adequate stability, especially in the coronal plane. In domestic situations, however, the VVC prosthesis could not always be prepared for every primary TKA case. Therefore, it is sometimes impractical to use a VVC prosthesis for unsual unstable situations. This study provides information for preparing VVC prostheses in the preoperative planning of primary TKA through an analysis of primary VVC TKA cases. Materials and Methods: This study reviewed 1,797 primary TKAs, performed between May 2003 and February 2016. The reasons for requiring VVC prosthesis and the preoperative conditions in 29 TKAs that underwent primary TKA with a VVC prosthesis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In primary TKA, 29 cases (1.6%) in 27 patients (6 male and 21 female) used VVC prosthesis. Two patients underwent a VVC prosthesis on both knees. The mean age of the patients was 63.4 years old (34-79 years). The mean flexion contracture was 16.2° (-20°-90°), and the mean angle of great flexion was 111.7° (35°-145°). The situations requiring a VVC prosthesis were severe valgus deformity in 10 knees, knee stiffness requiring extensive soft tissue release in 10 knees, previously injured collateral ligaments in five knees, and distal femoral bone defect due to avascular necrosis in four knees. The mean tibiofemoral angle was 25.7° (21°-43°) in 10 cases with a valgus deformity. The mean flexion contracture was 37.5° (20°-90°), and the mean range of motion was 48.5° (10°-70°) in 10 cases with knee stiffness. Conclusion: The preparation of VVC prosthesis is recommended, even for primary TKA in cases of severe valgus deformity (tibiofemoral angle>20°), stiff knee (the range of motion: less than 70° with more than 20° flexion contracture), and the cases with a previous collateral ligament injury. This information will help in the preparation of adequate TKA prostheses for unusual unstable situations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.47-60
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• 2021

Recently, as the occurrence frequency of sudden floods due to climate variability increased, the damage of aging chuteway slabs of spillway are on the rise. Accordingly, a wide array of field survey, hydraulic experiment and numerical simulation have been conducted to find the cause of damage on chuteway slabs. However, these studies generally reviewed the flow characteristics and distribution of pressure on chuteway slabs. Therefore the derivation of damage on chuteway slabs was relatively insufficient in the literature. In this study, the cavitation erosion and hydraulic jacking were assumed to be the causes of damage on chuteway slabs, and the phenomena were reproduced using 3D numerical models, FLOW-3D and COMSOL Multiphysics. In addition, the cavitation index was calculated and the von Mises stress by uplift pressure distribution was compared with tensile and bending strength of concrete to evaluate the possibility of cavitation erosion and hydraulic jacking. As a result of numerical simulation on cavitation erosion and hydraulic jacking under various flow conditions with complete opening gate, the cavitation index in the downstream of spillway was less than 0.3, and the von Mises stress on concrete was 4.6 to 5.0 MPa. When von Mises stress was compared with tensile and bending strength of concrete, the fatigue failure caused by continuous pressure fluctuation occurred on chuteway slabs. Therefore, the cavitation erosion and hydraulic jacking caused by high speed flow were one of the main causes of damage to the chuteway slabs in spillway. However, this study has limitations in that the various shape conditions of damage(cavity and crack) and flow conditions were not considered and Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) was not simulated. If these limitations are supplemented and reviewed, it is expected to derive more efficient utilization of the maintenance plan on spillway in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2023

This study investigated and analyzed ancient records on the type, planting background, and construction process of Gwanbang forest(關防林) planned for military defense during the Joseon Dynasty to find out the purpose, location, and planting species of Gwanbang forest. The research results were as follows. During the Joseon Dynasty, Gwanbang forests were created around various government facilities(關防施設), such as Eupseong(邑城), major government offices, camps, and fortifications, for the purpose of defending against enemies. Gwanbang forest includes Yeongaeglim(嶺阨林), which was created on the crest of a strategically important hill, and Military Forest created for military purposes. Most of the spirit forest was designated as Geumsan(禁山) and protected and managed, and the Gwanbang forest was created for various purposes such as shielding, flood damage and river bank erosion prevention as well as external defense. In addition, in order to continuously and efficiently produce wood, which is a material for ships, buildings, and agricultural tools, in most cases, large areas were created as mixed forests. As for the species constituting the Gwanbang forest, there are records of tangerine tree, which is effective for defense because it has thorns, and deciduous broad-leaved trees such as zelkova, elm, willow, david hemiptelea, and oak appear. In the case of Ganghwa island, which served as the defense of the capital and the royal family during the Joseon Dynasty, several records have confirmed that a forest densely planted with trifoliate orange was created for the purpose of Gwanbang forest to reinforce the defense of the outer fortress. Based on historical research in the literature, assuming that the natural monument 'Gapgotri tangerine tree in Ganghwa Island' was planted in the 30th year of King Sukjong(1704), the first record of planting trifoliate orange in Ganghwa Island, the maximum age is estimated to be more than 319 years.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.153-161
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• 2023

The worldwide effects of COVID-19 have led to a surge in online shopping and contactless services. The consumption pattern has caused the issues such as the environmental pollution together with the increase of plastic waste. Reducing the reliance on the petroleum based plastic use for the package and replacing it with environmentally friendly material are the simple ways in order to solve those problems. Paper is an eco-friendly product with high recyclability as the food packaging materials but has still poor barrier properties. A barrier coating on surface of the paper can be achieved with the proper packaging materials featuring water, gas and grease barrier. Polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) coatings which are generally laminated or coated to paper are widely used in food packaging applications to protect products from moisture and provide water or grease resistance. However, recycling of packaging containing PE or PP matrix is limited and costly because those films are difficult to degrade in the environment. This study investigated the recyclability of modified acrylic emulsion coating papers compared to PE and PP polymer matrixes as well as their mechanical and gas barrier properties. The results showed that PE or modified acrylic emulsion coated papers had better mechanical properties compared to the uncoated paper as a control. PE or PP coating papers showed strong oil resistance property, achieving a kit rating of 12. Those papers also had a significantly higher percentage of screen reject during the recycling process than modified acrylic coated paper which had a screen rejection rate of 6.25%. In addition an uncoated paper had similar value of a screen rejection rate. It may suggest that modified acrylic emulsion coating paper can be more easily recycled than PE or PP coating papers. The overall results of the study found that modified acrylic emulsion coating paper would be a viable alternative to suggest a possible solution to an environmental problem as well as enhancing the weak mechanical and poor gas barrier properties of the paper against moisture.