• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to analyse the regional variation of tenancy system in later Yi-Dynasty in Korea. Materials for the analysis are acquired through materials(韓國土地農産調査報告), published in 1905 and agricultural census published in 1912. For the identification of difference of tenancy system between agricultural region, regionalization are conducted through by crop combination. Crop combination structure, using rank of LQ index, was clustered into five generic lesions through cluster analysis. In these contexts, this study has come to following conclusions. There are three types of tenancy system in materials; (1) Doji(賭地) system of which landrent was 1/3 agricultural products. Tenant healed the land tax and seeds. (2) Byoengjak(竝作) system of which landrent was 1/2 agricultural products. Landlords healed the land tax and seeds (3) Jeongaek(定額法) system of which landrent was fixed without relation to annual products. But through the analysis of relationship between agricultural region and tenancy system, a new tenancy system could be identified : Byeongjak(竝作) II system. In this system, landrent was 1/2 of agricultural products, but landlord and tenant shared the landtax and seed in common. In the distribution of these systems, relationship between tenancy system and agricultural regions could be identified. Doji system was distributed in the regions where rice and double cropping was specialized. But Byoeongjak(竝作) system was distributed in the regions where upland crops are specialized and ratio of Paddy field is comparatively low. Especially new types were emenged where ratio of paddy field was very low. These show that increase of productivity of land didn't induce the development of the right of ownership in land. The development of ownership was emerged only on the rice paddy fields. Barley cultivated through double-cropping passed into tenant's possessions. So nominal landrent in paddy field seemed to be raised, but actual landrent was maintained about 1/3 of Products through double cropping. On the contrary, rights of cultivation is developed through double cropping. As double cropping is developed, competition on paddy field between tenants was intensified. Consequently nominal land rent of Paddy fields should be raised.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.18 no.1 s.28
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• pp.67-72
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• 2005

통과분석(通過分析)${\ulcorner}$동의보감(東醫寶鑑)${\lrcorner}$양명형증용약여포괄중경적(陽明形證用藥？包括仲景的)${\ulcorner}$상한론(傷寒論)${\lrcorner}$재내적주요의학가대양명병적개념(在內的主要醫學家對陽明病的槪念), 득출여하결론(得出如下結論): 1.${\ulcorner}$동의보감(東醫寶鑑)${\lrcorner}$적양명형증용약당중이대편비결위중심, 미사용가이낭괄양명병증재내적위가실저개개념, 상세나열출양명병적구체증상 내급양명병하료정의(來給陽明病下了定義). 병미장대편비결작위대표성증상(幷未將大便秘結作爲代表性症狀), 이시근거표본관계분성경병여부병진행설명. 이기육작위표(以肌肉作爲表), 위작위리적표리개염분석기증상(胃作爲裏的表裏槪念分析其症狀). 2. 기찰급양명병하정의적의서(畿察給陽明病下定義的醫書), 발현제료중경적(發現除了仲景的)${\ulcorner}$상한론(傷寒論)${\lrcorner}$여기주석본성무이적${\ulcorner}$주해상한론(注解傷寒論)${\lrcorner}$이외(以外), 도장목동(都將目疼), 비건(鼻乾), 불득면부간주양명병대표증상(不得眠部看做陽明病代表症狀). 저충정의방식시종송도명대적보편관점 3. 재(在)${\ulcorner}$동의보감(東醫寶鑑)${\lrcorner}$당중작위인용서목적${\lrcorner}$의학입문(醫學入門)${\ulcorner}$, 근거표본(根据標本), 표리개염대증상진행료분류(表裏槪念對症狀進行了分類). 비기지전단순적대증상적서술갱구유조리성. 저가이간주시집당시제다견해지대성(這可以看做是集當時諸多見解之大成), 대병정적분석변적갱가구체. 선택(選擇)${\lrcorner}$의학입문(醫學入門)${\ulcorner}$작위인체서목(作爲引滯書目), 가이인위시채납료당시적최신견해, 병차흡수료용역장악병정적이증상위주적기술방식(幷且吸收了容易掌握病情的以症狀爲主的記述方式). ${\lrcorner}$의학입문(醫學入門)${\ulcorner}$취시집이상관점위일체적대성(就是集以上觀点爲一體的大成). 4. 여태양병당중양형증용약진행비교, 관찰병정적주요관점(觀察病情的主要觀点), 양자도추종료(兩者都追從了)${\lrcorner}$의학입문(醫學入門)${\ulcorner}$적견해(的見解). 단시태양형증용약몰유대몰위초출중경태양병적제망(但是太陽形證用藥沒有大沒圍超出仲景太陽病的提網), 상비지하양명형증용약기몰유인용(相比之下陽明形證用藥旣沒有引用) 중경적(仲景的)${\ulcorner}$상한론(傷寒論)${\lrcorner}$, 대증상적설명야대상경정(對症狀的設明也大相徑庭). 5. 양명형증용약당중몰유인용중경적위가실관점, 이시리용미악한(而是利用微惡寒), 발열(發熱), 갈(渴), 유한(有汗), 목동(目疼), 비건(鼻乾), 조한(潮汗), 폐삽(閉澁), 만갈(滿渴), 광섬, 불면등증상진행설명(不眠等症狀進行說明), 비기장악륭명병작위장부질병(比其掌握隆明病作爲臟腑疾病), 이해위이열위주적상당우양명속성적질병.