• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.392-392
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• 2022

세계적 규모의 팬데믹 감염병의 출현은 전 세계적으로 경제적, 문화적, 사회적 파급효과가 매우 강력하며 전 인류를 위협하고 있다. 최근에 발병한 중증급성 호흡기질환 코로나바이러스 2(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)는 2019년 12월 중국 우한에서 첫 보고 되었고 2022년 현재까지 종식되지 않고 있으며 바이러스의 전파력과 치명률이 높고 무증상 감염상태일 때에도 전염이 가능하여 현재 역학조사의 사후적 대응에 대한 한계가 있어 선제적 대응을 위한 수단이 필수 불가결해지고 있는 실정이다. 하수기반역학(Waste Based Epidemiology, WBE)이란 하수처리장으로 유입되기 전의 하수를 분석하여 하수 집수구역 내 도시민의 생활상을 예측하는 것으로 하수로 배출된 감염자의 분비물 및 배설물 속 바이러스를 하수관로에서 신속하게 검출함으로써 특정지역의 감염성 질환 전파 정도와 유행하는 타입(변이)등을 분석하고 기존 역학조사의 문제점을 극복할 수 있으며 선제적인 대응이 가능하다. 현재 COVID-19의 대유행과 관련하여 WBE를 기반으로 한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있으며 실제 환자의 발생과 상관관계가 있음이 확인되고 있고 백신 접종과 새롭게 발생한 변이바이러스의 관계 속에서 발생하는 변수를 고려한 모델이 없다는 점을 들어 새로운 감염병 확산 예측 모델에 대한 필요성 또한 커지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 병원에서부터 하수처리장까지의 하수관거와 하수처리장에서의 SARS-CoV-2 검출농도 및 거동을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있으며 COVID-19의 감염규모 확산에 관한 방법론에서 수학적모델 (Euler Method, RK4 Method, Gillespie Algorithm)과 딥러닝 기반의 Nowcasting model과 Fore casting model을 살펴보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.278-281
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• 2023

연구목적: 본 연구는 요양병원 등 재난취약시설에 재난이 발생할 경우 잔류한 요구조자를 정확하게 파악하여 소방 등 대응기관에 제공하는 APC(Auto People Counting)의 인식률 개선에 목적이 있다. 현재 재난 발생 시 건물 내 요구조자의 현황 파악을 위해 대응기관이 재난 현장에 도착하여 건물관계자에게 직접 물어보고 있다. 이는 요구조자에 대한 부정확한 정보일 가능성이 있어 대응기관의 업무범위가 확대되고 이로인해 구조자의 안전에도 위험이 될 수 있다. APC는 건물내 출입하는 인원을 자동으로 집계하여 실시간 잔류인원 정보를 제공함으로써 재난 시 요구조자 현황을 정확히 파악할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 APC가 보다 정확하게 출입 인원을 집계할 수 있도록 최적의 인공지능 알고리즘을 선정하는데 목적이 있다. 연구방법: 본 연구에서는 실제 재난취약시설에 설치되어 운영 중인 APC를 대상으로 카메라를 통해 출입 인원의 이미지를 인식하는 알고리즘을 개선하기 위해 CNN모델을 활용하여 베이스라인 모델링을 하였다. 다양한 알고리즘의 성능을 분석하여 상위 7개의 후보군을 선정하고 전이학습 모델을 활용하여 성능이 가장 우수한 최적의 알고리즘을 선정하는 방법으로 연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과: 실험결과 시간과 성능이 가장 좋은 Densenet201, Resnet152v2 모델의 정밀도와 재현율을 확인한 결과 모든 라벨에 대해서 정확도 100%를 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이 중 Densenet201 모델이 더 높은 성능을 보여주었다. 결론: 다양한 인공지능 알고리즘 중 APC에 적용할 수 있는 최적의 알고리즘을 선정하였고 이는 APC의 인식률을 개선하여 재난시 요구조자의 정보를 정확하게 파악하여 신속하고 안전한 구조작업이 가능할 것이다. 이는 요구조자의 안전한 구조뿐만 아니라 구조작업을 수행하는 구조자의 안전을 확보하는 데 기여할 것으로 기대된다. 향후 연무 등 다양한 재난상황에서 재난취약시설 내 출입인원을 정확하게 파악할 수 있도록 알고리즘 분석 및 학습에 대한 추가 연구가 요구된다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.95-104
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate differences in initial patient states based on types of burn accidents in the pre-hospital stage. 1,223 items of transfer data from burn accidents of Gyeonggi-do emergency medical services in 2013 were used. Burn accidents were most common in children younger than 10 years old (26.0%) and happened mostly at home (51.3%). Patient states by burn type were stable on average, but burns by electricity showed 10.7% of awareness condition U (Unresponsive), which was higher than that of the other burn types. Initial patient states for this type were shown to be serious, unlike other burn types, with temperatures of $35.90^{\circ}C$ and third degree burn depth (39.28%). Understanding initial patient states based on burn type is necessary in order to do effective approach in the pre-hospital stage.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the deployment types and characteristics of mobile hospitals with it's historical backgrounds. Methods: Since the disaster can not be classified by country, the scope of the study is to include both domestic and foreign mobile hospitals. In order to minimize the casualties from the field hospitals used at the time of the First World War, which is the mother of mobile hospitals, we analyzed the mobile hospitals which are more compact and changed to the target areas and analyzed the mobile hospitals. Results: Historically, mobile hospitals have been transformed in a way that they are close to the target area and rapidly inject essential elements, and the deployment of wards has evolved to be able to combine in any form with center corridor. In the case of hospitals that can deal with infectious diseases, each treatment room was installed separately to thoroughly separate the copper wire. Implications: As disaster damage increases and incidence increases, field response should be quick. However, research on mobile hospitals, which are indispensable for field response in Korea, has not been conducted in various ways. From the origins of mobile hospitals, the development process is reviewed, and research is carried out to clarify the grounds and backgrounds for the planning of mobile hospitals that are quick and appropriate to the situation in Korea and abroad.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.38-47
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• 2020

Purposes: The problem in the recent immigration policy and social policy changes for foreigners is that the preliminary analysis or research on the actual impact of the influx of foreigners has not been done enough in Korea yet.. This study is to examine the impact of the Korean health insurance finances on the influx of foreigners. Approach: This study analyzed the health insurance statistics for foreigners and overseas Koreans of the Health Insurance Corporation from 2013 to 2017. The data is the "Status of Health Insurance Premiums for Nationals, Foreigners, and Overseas Koreans from 2013 to 2017" submitted by the National Health Insurance Service to the Health and Welfare Committee during the 2018 National Audit Period. Findings: To summarize the analysis, first, the proportion of foreigners was only 1% of all subscribers (1.7% at work, 1.9% in regions) until 2017. Second, employees at work have a lower pay-to-pay ratio, and local subscribers have a higher pay-to-pay rate, regardless of nationality. Third, as immigrants are mostly concentrated in younger ages, they are healthy and use of hospitals is relatively low. Fourth, in terms of gender distribution, there are many women of childbearing age due to marriage immigration among foreign local subscribers, and more men use hospitals than workers who have a high proportion of males due to childbirth. In conclusion, the impact of immigration on health insurance finances is not large, and has a positive effect on finances. Practical Implications: If we simply consider the financial aspect, encouraging foreigners to subscribe to health insurance has a positive effect on finances. In particular, the more foreign workers are enrolled, the greater the financial gain. In particular, increasing the employment of foreign women through language education, vocational training, and employment support will help finance health insurance. One of the reasons foreign subscribers have a positive impact on health insurance finance is the low medical utilization rate. It can be said that young and healthy foreigners use fewer hospitals and clinics, but another aspect means that foreigners have difficulty using health insurance for various reasons. Therefore, various supports must be accompanied so that foreign subscribers can use medical services when necessary.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.319-334
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the prevalence and perceptions of workplace violence against registered nurses (RNs) in hospitals. Methods: One thousand RNs replied to a nationwide survey from November 14 to December 22, 2022. They reported their general characteristics, prevalence of and their responses to different types of workplace violence from patients, family caregivers, physicians, and nurse peers, as well as their perceptions of workplace violence management systems. Results: A total of 71.1% of the RNs reported that they had experienced workplace violence in the last six months. The violence and sexual harassment experienced from patients and family caregivers were 57.3% and 19.1%, respectively. Furthermore, violence, sexual harassment, and workplace harassment from physicians were experienced by 24.6%, 4.0%, and 7.4%, respectively, of the RNs, and those from nurse peers by 21.4%, 3.1%, and 11.3%, respectively. The RNs stated that they often responded to workplace violence with passive and inactive behaviors, which were more serious toward physicians' workplace violence or sexual harassment from different perpetrators. Only 69.5% were aware of their hospital's workplace violence management systems, while only 14.7%~27.4%, according to the type of hospital (p=.471), perceived the systems as effective. Multiple important strategies were identified to prevent workplace violence. Conclusion: Critical suggestions are discussed for the prevention of workplace violence, including protecting the human rights of healthcare professionals, inter-organizational collaboration, and a culture of person-centered healthcare, and training nurse managers' competency in managing workplace violence.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.66-76
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated how to protect personal healthcare information when constructing OMOP (Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership) CDM (Common Data Model). There are two proposed methods; to restrict data corresponding to HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) PHI (Protected Health Information) to be extracted to CDM or to disable identification of it. While processing sensitive information is restricted by Korean Personal Information Protection Act and medical law, there is no clear regulation about what is regarded as sensitive information. Therefore, it was difficult to select the sensitive information for protecting personal healthcare information. In order to solve this problem, we defined HIPAA PHI as restriction criterion of Article 23 of the Personal Information Protection Act and maps data corresponding to CDM data. Through this study, we expected that it will contribute to the spread of CDM construction in Korea as providing solutions to the problem of protection of personal healthcare information generated during CDM construction.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.366-374
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• 2012

Recently pathogenic E. coli is one of the main foodborne pathogens resulting in many patients in Korea. To understand the characteristics of pathogenic E. coli outbreaks in Korea, the epidemiological investigation reports of pathogenic E. coli outbreak in 2009 (41 reports) and in 2010 (27 reports) were collected in the web site of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, reviewed and analysed in this study. The main places of the pathogenic E. coli outbreaks were food catering service area (64.8%) and restaurants (25.0%). The main type of the pathogens were EPEC (44.7%) and ETEC (34.2%). EAEC and EHEC was responsible for 10.5 and 9.2%, respectively. Eight of 68 outbreak cases were caused by more than 2 types of pathogenic E. coli which implicates the complicated contamination pathways of pathogenic E. coli. The incidence rate of pathogenic E. coli was $33.6{\pm}30.5%$ and the main symptoms were diarrhea, stomach ache, nausea, vomiting, and fever etc. The two identified food sources were identified as frozen hamburger pattie and squid-vegetable mixture. To improve the food source identification by epidemiological investigation, food poisoning notification to the agency should not be delayed, whole food items attributed the outbreak should be collected and detection method of the various pathogenic E. coli in food has to be improved. In conclusion, the characteristics between the EHEC outbreaks in the western countries and the EPEC or ETEC outbreaks in Korea needs to be distinguished to prepare food safety management plan. In addition, the development of the trace back system to find the contamination pathway with the improved detection method in food and systemic and cooperative support by the related agencies are necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.485-494
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• 2020

This study analyzed the relationship between communication perception and job performance in general hospital nurses in order to provide basic data for efficient personnel and hospital management. For this purposes, data were collected from August 5 to 23, 2019, targeting 392 nurses from 14 general hospitals in Gwangju and Jeonnam and t-test, variance analysis, post hoc analysis, Correlations analysis and multi-regression analysis were conducted. In analyzing the differences between demographical and health characteristics and job performance, there were statistically significant differences in age, working years, salary, satisfaction, locations, health status, health education, chronic diseases and depression. In respect to communication perception and job performance of nurses, age of 30 and job satisfaction (moderate satisfaction and dissatisfaction) had a negative effect, locations had a positive effect, and horizontal communication had the greatest effect on job performance. There was a relation between downward, informal and upward communication and job performance, and the determination coefficient was 45.2%. Based on these results, this study suggested that for higher job performance, we should improve working environment, enhance job satisfaction, organize nursing organization culture with active horizontal, downward, informal and upward communication and develop an efficient personnel management system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.295-304
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• 2010

This study aims to be of help to cope with internal and external circumstances of hospital effectively by analyzing the weight of role for a hospital manager which has been changing. It surveyed 191 top managers and administrators working in a medical institute like hospital located in Busan, Ulsan and Kyungnam area from 20 November, 2007 to 29 February, 2008. The results of this study were as follows: The top manager thought that the role as a leader is the most important role as a manager in present, but the role as an enterpriser is also very important in future, however, they had troubles in the role of a representative which they have carried out in present. In order to overcome the current medical situation that competition is getting keen, it seemed that they expected the role as an enterpriser would be more important in future for competition and organization improvement. The administrator thought the role as a leader is the most important in present, in future and in current performance. It was considered that they recognized the importance of team work, order, goal of the organization, strategies, and information interchange regarding the characteristics of hospital that there are people of various kinds of occupations.