• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 2019

Purpose: This study is to address the spacial composition of a standard ward and bedroom size for sake of infection control and efficient medical service. Methods: Spacial composition of a standard ward has been proposed by comparative analysis of 5 big hospitals' wards. Bedroom sizes have been explored on the ground of Health care facility regulations from Korea, USA, Australia and Canada. Of course, Literature and field survey have been conducted in order to draw out various bedroom sizes. Results: 16 basic and some other additional spaces have been proposed for the composition of hospital standard ward. Area of Single bedroom is $11.6m^2$, and that of multi-beded room is $7.4m^2$. Bed to bed Clearance is 1.5m, spacing between bedsize and hard wall is 0.9m in 1~2 beded room, 0.75m in 4-beded room. Space clearance between Foot side of bed and curtain is proposed as 0.3m and additional 0.9m is necessary for the circulation. Implications: The result of this study can be applied to the new cons.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2021

Purpose: This study analyzed the architectural planning factors of the ward in infectious disease hospitals, such as functional unit planning, ward configurations, spatial compositions & circulation, and detailed architectural planning. Through these, the facility guidelines of infectious disease hospitals are summarized, focusing on the differences from the wards of non-infectious hospitals. Methods: This study was conducted by literature review of research reports, papers, design cases, and guidelines, based on the experiences of field surveys for infectious disease hospitals. Results: The result of this study can be summarized into a few points. 1) Infectious disease hospitals need to establish an operation plan with the concept of continuity of care, as an extension of existing facilities. 2) The types of ward configuration for infectious disease hospitals has many variables, so an appropriate type should be selected according to the hospital's operating policy. 3) Various spatial composition types of the ward can be planned by the arrangement of traffic cores and areas of patient groups. At this time, the main planning considerations are safety, efficiency, and comfort. 4) As elements of the detailed plan, It is necessary to consider the types & dimensions of patient rooms, the relationships between nursing stations & sub-stations, and supplementations of medical support functions & convenience facilities. Implications: Since there are many differences in function from the ward of non-infectious hospitals, appropriate facility guidelines for infectious disease hospital are required.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.235-244
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate pediatric nurses' perception and knowledge about pediatric hospice and palliative care. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 132 nurses who are stationed in pediatric wards and intensive care units. The participants were requested to fill out a questionnaire comprising 23 items for perception and 20 items for knowledge. Data were collected after obtaining written consent. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: Participants perceived difficulties in pediatric hospice palliative care, especially communication with patients and their families. The differences of perception among participants were observed according to pediatric hospice and palliative care experience, but not general characteristics. Participants' knowledge was $8.83{\pm}2.64$. Nurses who work in a ward showed higher level of knowledge about pediatric hospice/palliative care. Conclusion: An education program should be developed and provided to pediatric nurses to improve their perception and knowledge about pediatric hospice/palliative care.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.4 no.7
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• pp.9-18
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• 1998

Even though the interest to the mental hospital is recently increased, the mental hospitals are not well developed due to the pending arrangement of the concept of returning to the society and the system of local communities. Also, the hospitalism due to the isolation of patients and the long term stay in hospitals has become an issue. Despite the present circumstances, the prototype of mental health care in many field are investigated and progressively fixed. This study attempts to examine the current status of domestic and foreign mental institution and to establish the design guideline of the wards of the mental hospitals.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 1995

Nurses play a great role in the nursing unit and their behaviour should be evaluated in order to find user needs in terms of ward design of general hospital. This study aims to investigate the ways in which nurses activities and traffic occur in real behaviour setting of five general hospitals. For that purpose, intensive field survey was undertook to measure the nurses' attitudes and their activities were observed in the day time for 8 hours.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.59-69
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to provide a basic data for architectural planning on the wards and special quality of physical remedy spaces of geriatrics hospital. This research, to analyse dependency degree of inpatients in geriatric hospital, shows relativeness between remedy space and wards, and to show behavior of each patients reaction to there space. Result of interviewed inpatients who were sorted by age, sex, dependency degree, and days in hospital, suitable space programming is to need for physical and mental state. On the bases of survey and analysis, the basic data for planning and design the hospital for the elderly with dementia has been proposed.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2001

The hospice movement evolved as an alternative to hospitals as places to die. Recently, the palliative care for dying and hospice has been developed rapidly and placed itself as one of the medical systems. But the studies on hospice program and establishment method in Korea are few or no in comparison with developed countries. Hospice unit within a general hospital is more efficient hospice type than other terminal care establishments, therefor it will be developed rapidly. With this in mind, this study puts elements of architectural planning on the hospice unit for the space requirements. Also, It is investigated the architectural conditions of hospice unit within a general hospital, analyzed the unit space and spatial composition in hospice unit. The purpose of this study is to propose the fundamental data and unit space for architectural plan and design.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.80-90
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• 1976

정신과 영역의 환자를 위해 간호원의 역활을 필요로 한 이래 여러 가지 간호의 개념으로 간호원의 역할이 변화되어오고 있다. 정신과 환자의 안전만이 가장 큰 치료의 중심일 때는 병동열쇠의 위엄에 곁따라 보호관리에만 치중해 왔으며 정신의학에서 약물요법, 전기요법의 치료과정이 생기면서 간호원의 역할 변화 및 지식의 요구를 필요로 하게 되었으며, 환경과 개인의 밀접한 관계를 중시해오면서 치료적 환경속으로 환자의 인간적 치료가 강조되었을 때 의사소통과 대인관계의 인적 환경으로써 또한 간호원의 역활이 중요시 되어왔다. 이런 관점에서 치료적 환경에 대한 정확한 이해는 간호행위과정의 불완전을 제거하며 보다 활발한 정신과 환자간호에 기여하는 일 일 것이다. DR. Bartom은 병실 환경이 비생산적이고 비 치료적일때 성격의 변화는 물론 행동적 특성의 변화까지 가져올 수 있다고 말했다. 즉 무감동적이고, 무조건적 순종이 있으며 솔선하여 행하는 행위가 줄고 장래 계획에 대한 자극이 줄어들고 될대로 되어 가는 상태 그 자체에 머물러 있어 인간의 특징적 의미와 가치를 상실하게 된다는 것이다. 정신과 병실은 잠정적 체류지로 보아야 하겠고 이 체류지에서의 영향이 환자에게 보다 유익하게 끼칠려면 간호원이 지속적으로 치료적 분위기를 유지해야 할 것이다. 치료적 입장으로서의 간호의 활동 초점은 대인관계에서 환자의 의식수준과 자아관련 수준에서의 취급이 무의식 수준에서의 탐구조사보다 바람직하다. 치료적 가치로써 치료적 환경의 이론적 근거를 DR. Sullivan 은 인간의 상호관련 문제에 두고 있다. 즉 상호작용이 존재하는 환경은 어떠한 곳이든 성격에 영향이 있고 이 성격은 대인관계의 복잡성으로부터 결코 떨어질 수 없다는 얘기다. 자아구성 또한 환경의 영향을 받는데 Cumming은 병동환경과 자아구성 재동기간에 밀접성을 시사한바 있다. Visher와 O'sullivan은 정신과적 치료중에서 일상생활에서 경험되어지는 의사소통과 대인관계속에서 학습되어지는 여러 가지가 있기 때문에 매일의 활동획이 치료적 방향으로 계획되어 져야 한다고 말했다. Maxwell Jones 또한 치료적 환경의 유용한 가동은 전 직원의 기여에 있으며 이는 정신건강을 최적으로 올려 줄 것이다. 라고 말했다. 이러한 상황에서 간호원은 의미 없이 환자의 감정 욕구를 깨닫지 못하고 감정지지를 주지 못하며 정서적 긴장을 예방하지 못한 체 환자와의 관계를 유지한다면 현대간호의 개념에서 이탈되어지고 발달되어지지 못한 미숙아 현상이 유지 될 것이다. 보다 바람직한 치료적 환경 유지는 간호로써 환자에게 기여해 주는 일이다. 간호의 역활과 더불어 전문적 태도는 따뜻하고 포용성 있게 그리고 융통성 있게 대함은 물론 간호인 자신의 "자기이용"을 깊이 그리고 치료적으로 이용할 것을 깨달아야 할 것이다. 즉 정신과 병실에서의 간호원 존재 자제가 환자에게 미치는 영향도 고려해야 한다는 것이다. 덧붙여 환자를 위한 일주일 병동 행사표를 Model로 제시하였고 그 안에서의 간호원의 역활을 약술하였다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.137-143
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the family composition of terminally ill cancer patients admitted to the hospice unit and how it affects their hospice care. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of terminal cancer patients who died in one hospice unit between January 2009 and March 2014. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were examined, and any different made by their marital status was evaluated. We calculated the time interval between cancer diagnosis and hospice admission and the survival period from hospice admission to death and analyzed their association with family composition. Results: When divided by the median time of 13 months between diagnosis and admission, Group B (>13 months) had a significantly higher proportion of patients living with their spouses; (P<0.01). The main decision maker was a spouse (52.9%) in Group B; (P=0.04). Conclusion: Among the characteristics of the family composition, the presence of spouse was an important factor associated with admission to a hospice unit. Clinicians need to be aware of the impact of marital status on end-of-life care. This study indicates that it is helpful to understand family composition of terminallyill cancer patients for an effective palliative and hospice care.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2015

Purpose: This study examines areal composition of ward applying to 4 bedroom in provincial medical center. Methods: The existing five-bed patient rooms, general type of multiple-bed rooms in Korea causes many problems for the amenity of patients. We should reconsider their inconvenience carefully and try to provide the right to keep their privacy and enjoy amenity. The number of patients of multi-bed rooms is very critical point to improve the environmental condition of the patient rooms. This study separate 5 bedroom group and 4 bedroom group. Net area from space program was surveyed and analyzed. Results: The result of this study can be summarized into two points. The first one is that Group-4(4 bedroom) ward has more 23% patient's area and -23% convenience area than Group-5(5 bedroom). The second one is that Group-4 has more single bedroom and Group-5 has more dayroom. Implications: Consideration Should be taken into account for the effective bedroom composition and allocation in ward. This Study hopefully may serve as a stepping stone for the standard design of space program in ward.