• Water for future
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• v.47 no.10
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• pp.77-84
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• 2014

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.184-200
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• 2013

In post-industrial society, the ability to feel and express emotion is becoming ever more important. In diverse areas of our lives such as economic, social, political and cultural activities, we are witnessing an increased application of the emotional dimension. This paper deals with the human experiences in emotional designs. Literature reviews and case analyses have been used as the main research methods. I first examine the aspects of emotional experience in designs, and then go on to analyze the components of each aspect. Emotional experience in designs has three basic aspects : (a) initially there exist user's emotional needs (b) then these emotions are delivered through design, (c) finally, emotions expressed in designs are experienced by the user. Followings are the related components for each aspect : (a) Physiological, psychological, social and cultural factors cause one to feel emotional needs. (b) Emotion is delivered either through visual symbols, experience, interaction and participation. (c) Emotion is experienced by sensing, feeling, thinking, acting and relating.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2014

New types of fire accidents appear or the existing types disappeared because of rapidly changing society. We proposed a methodology of extracting new nouns from fire investigation data each of which is an accident report producted by fire investigators. The new nouns could be used in modifying the existing categories for classifying fire accidents. We analysed morphology of the product names and the ignition summaries using the proposed method for the fire accidents classified as the etc sub-category of the category of equipments involved in ignition. In this paper, we found "dryer" as a new sub-category of the agricultural equipment category and "boiler" in the seasonal appliance category from the product names of the fire accidents. We also extracted the new input keywords of "aquarium" and "monitor" in the commercial facilities category and the video, audio apparatus category from the ignition summaries respectively. Using the four subcategories, we reclassified 548 (14.39%) of 3,808 fire accidents assigned to the etc sub-category.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.45
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• pp.325-348
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• 2016

This study aims to identify the representation of migrants in the English-language media during the Brexit campaign period. For the purpose of this study, the methodological tool of corpus-assisted discourse studies(CADS) was employed and a collection was compiled of articles mentioning Brexit in British, American, Canadian, and Australian media from April 15 to June 22, 2016 in order to compare their portrayals of migrants. To examine how IMMIGRANT, MIGRANT, and REFUGEE are represented in the media, their collocates were analyzed by MI score and categorized by social actor categorization(Van Leeuwan, 1996). The results show that IMMIGRANT is related to collocates that refer to legal status and provenance, MIGRANT associated with economic terms, and REFUGEE relates to terms expressing quantities. The results also reveal that migrants are frequently depicted by functionalization, classification, and appraisement categorization and are more negatively portrayed in British and American media. This paper claims that corpus-assisted linguistic analysis of words enables one to identify salient linguistic patterns or lexical choices in the discourses about a particular phenomenon or group of people.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-87
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• 2016

With broad individual variability in social communication skills of children with autism spectrum disorders and increasing focus on interventions targeting social communication of this population, there is a need for systematic analysis of how social communication outcomes are measured. This study aimed to systematically analyze the measurement tools used in the music therapy interventions for improving social communication of children with ASD. Electronic databases and music therapy journals were searched for controlled studies published between 1980 and 2015. A total of 21 studies were included for the analysis. The results demonstrated that direct observation of behaviors was the most frequently used and the combination of targeted social communication areas and specific measurements used for a specific skill varied among the studies. In addition, 90.4% of studies reported interrater reliability. These results indicate that there has been a diversity in approaches to measure social communication skills despite increasing attempts for systematic measurements. In consideration of the nature of social communication development in children with ASD, multifaceted strategy to understand and assess the target skills in terms of specific behavior acquisition, social functioning in general, and social cognition was recommended.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1999.10e
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• pp.257-264
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• 1999

자연언어 처리에 있어 문장의 성분 구조를 파악하는 통사적 해석에서는 애매성 있는 결과가 많이 생성된다. 한국어의 경우 어순 등의 통사적 특성뿐 아니라 상황과 의미, 문맥이 문장의 분석에 더 중요한 역할을 하기 때문에 문맥 자유 문법에 의한 접근 방법만으로는 중의적 구조의 해결이 어렵다. 이는 또한 의미 분석시 애매성을 증가시키는 원인이 된다. 이러한 통사적, 의미적 중의성 해결을 위해 용언 중심의 하위범주화 사전을 구축하였다. 본 논문에서는 용언에 따라 제한될 수 있는 하위범주 패턴을 정의하고 패턴에 따라 하위범주 사전을 구축하였다. 하위범주화 사전에는 명사의 시소러스와 정합하여 보어를 선택 제한(Selectional Restriction)할 수 있도록 용언과 명사와의 의미적 연어 관계에 따라 의미마커를 부여했다. 말뭉치를 통해 수집된 용언 12,000여개를 대상으로 25,000여개의 하위범주 패턴을 구축하였고 이렇게 구축한 하위범주화 사전이 120,000여 명사에 대한 의미를 갖고 있는 계층 시소러스 의미 사전과 연동하도록 하였다. 또한 논문에서 구현된 하위범주화 사전이 구문과 어휘의 중의성을 어느 정도 해소하는지 확인하기 위해 반자동적으로 의미 태깅(Sense Tagging)된 2만여 문장의 말뭉치를 통해 검증 작업을 수행하고, 의존관계와 어휘의 의미를 포함하고 있는 말뭉치에 하위범주 패턴이 어느정도 정합되는지를 분석하여, 하위범주 패턴과 말뭉치의 의존관계만 일치하는 경우와 어휘의 의미까지 일치하는 경우에 대해 평가한다. 이 과정에서 하위범주 패턴에 대한 빈도 정보나, 연어 정보를 수집하여 데이터베이스에 포함시키고, 각 의미역과 용언의 통계적 공기 정보 등을 추출하는 방법도 제시하고자 한다.을 입증하였다.적응에 문제점을 가지기도 하였다. 본 연구에서는 그 동안 계속되어 온 한글과 한잔의 사용에 관한 논쟁을 언어심리학적인 연구 방법을 통해 조사하였다. 즉, 글을 읽는 속도, 글의 의미를 얼마나 정확하게 이해했는지, 어느 것이 더 기억에 오래 남는지를 측정하여 어느 쪽의 입장이 옮은 지를 판단하는 것이다. 실험 결과는 문장을 읽는 시간에서는 한글 전용문인 경우에 월등히 빨랐다. 그러나. 내용에 대한 기억 검사에서는 국한 혼용 조건에서 더 우수하였다. 반면에, 이해력 검사에서는 천장 효과(Ceiling effect)로 두 조건간에 차이가 없었다. 따라서, 본 실험 결과에 따르면, 글의 읽기 속도가 중요한 문서에서는 한글 전용이 좋은 반면에 글의 내용 기억이 강조되는 경우에는 한자를 혼용하는 것이 더 효율적이다.이 높은 활성을 보였다. 7. 이상을 종합하여 볼 때 고구마 끝순에는 페놀화합물이 다량 함유되어 있어 높은 항산화 활성을 가지며, 아질산염소거능 및 ACE저해활성과 같은 생리적 효과도 높아 기능성 채소로 이용하기에 충분한 가치가 있다고 판단된다.등의 관련 질환의 예방, 치료용 의약품 개발과 기능성 식품에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있음을 시사한다.tall fescue 23%, Kentucky bluegrass 6%, perennial ryegrass 8%) 및 white clover 23%를 유지하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 초종과 파종비율에 따른 혼파초지의 건물수량과 사료가치의 차이를 확인할 수 있었으며, 레드 클로버 + 혼파 초지가 건물수량과 사료가치를 높이는데 효과적이었다.\ell}$ 이었으며 , yeast extract 첨가(添加)하여 배양시(培養時)는 yeast extract

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.753-764
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• 2006

The concept of blood circulation is so complex, dynamic and abstract that students have difficulty in understanding it and students' preconceptions hardly change into scientific concepts even after the lessons. The purpose of this study is to examine middle school, high school, and undergraduate students' understanding of blood circulation and to find the reason why the lack of deep understanding is displayed in students' explanations for the blood circulation. The study consists of three parts. First, the test was designed to investigate students' ideas for blood circulation as components of the structure, the function, the behavior and the mechanism. Second, the test was applied to 7th, 10th and 13th graders to investigate the students' understanding of blood circulation and categorize the types of students' blood circulation model according to their academic level. Finally, the concepts the students had little understanding of were analyzed to decide which ontological category they fell into and further to inquire the characteristics of each concept. The results showed that many students comprehend the structure and the function of blood circulation components well, and there was no significant difference in students' understanding according to the academic level. In contrast, understanding the behavior and the mechanism of circulatory components has remarkably improved in high school students and undergraduates majoring in science and engineering. Also, students' blood circulation models were classified into seven different types. High school students and undergraduates majoring in science and engineering demonstrated a significantly higher percentage on the type of double-loop-branch compared to other academic levels. In addition, it was found that the lack of deep understanding was caused by students' misconceiving the 'equilibrium' category as 'event' category.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.53-68
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• 2011

This study analyzed the learning objectives in the 2007 revised 10th grade Home Economics textbooks of 6 different publishing companies and the achievement standards developed by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology(2009). Two experienced coders performed initial analysis based on the 'revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives' and had subsequent conferences to reach an agreement on different results between coders. For knowledge dimension, the results show that the major types of learning objectives in the "Future Family Life" unit are mainly consisted of factual knowledge and procedural knowledge, where as those of "Family Life Culture" unit are consisted of factual knowledge and conceptual knowledge. The achievement standards in both "Future Family Life" and "Family Life Culture" units are solely in a factual knowledge major type. The sub-type of knowledge dimension of both learning objectives and achievement standards fall into 'a specific facts and knowledge component'. For cognitive process dimension, the results show that the leaning objectives are focused on 'understand' and 'analyze'. Those of achievement standards are 'analyse' in the "Future Family Life" unit and 'understand' in the "Family Life Culture" units. From the result of this study, we can conclude that both learning objectives and achievement standards do not adapt any meta-cognitive knowledge, higher order thinking, and cognitive process.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.61-75
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• 2020

In this study, external representation presented in two units, 'Property of Gas' and 'Changes of States of Matter,' in seventh grade of 2015 revised science curriculum, were analyzed to suggest educational implications. External representations presented in five science textbooks were analyzed according to the six criteria, which were 'type of representation,' 'interpretation of surface features,' 'relatedness to text,' 'existence and properties of a caption,' 'degree of correlation between representations comprising a multiple one,' and 'function of representation.' The characteristics of typical representations related to each achievement standard of two units were also analyzed. The results were as follows: The macro representations for 'type of representation', and explicit representations for 'interpretation of surface features' showed highest frequency. For 'relatedness to text' criteria, 'completely related and linked' and 'completely related and unlinked' representations showed the highest frequency. It means that most representations were properly related with the text. There were appropriate captions for most representations. The degree of correlation between representations comprising a multiple one was largely sufficiently linked with regards to the criteria 'degree of correlation between representations comprising a multiple one'. The complete representations for 'function of representation' showed the highest frequency in the aggregate, however incomplete representations showed more frequencies in the inquiry parts. The typical representations for each achievement standard differed in terms of the type, contained information, used symbols and so on. The educational implications with the use of representations presented in seventh grade textbook were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.23 no.3 s.61
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• pp.241-264
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• 2006

This study suggested indispensable elements of metadata for electronic resource management and effectively manage of electronic resource in library. Therefore, this research analyzed into the data elements of DLF ERMI's ERMS data structure, foreign three universities. The Data elements are verified by domestic ERM specialist. As the result, trial categories are 12 elements, consortium categories are 15 elements, license categories are 33 elements, electronic resource information categories are 21 elements, access/administrative information categories are 20 elements, usage statistics categories are 13 elements, workflow categories are 14 elements, contact information categories are 18 elements.