• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2004

Objectives: Immunizations have been one of the most effective measures preventing from infectious diseases. It is quite important national infectious disease prevention policy to keep the immunizations rate high and monitor the immunizations rate continuously. To do this, Korean CDC introduced the National Immunization Registry Program(NIRP) which has been implementing since 2000 at the Public Health Centers(PHC). The National Immunization Registry Program will be near completed after sharing, connecting and transfering vaccination data between public and private sector. The aims of this study was to evaluate the immunization module of non-chart system in private clinic with health information system of public health center(made by POSDATA Co., LTD) and immunization registry program(made by BIT Computer Co., LTD). Methods: The analysis and survey were done by specialists in medical, health field, and health information fields from 2001. November to 2002. January. We made the analysis and recommendation about the immunization module of non-chart system in private clinic. Results and Conclusions: To make improvement on immunization module, the system will be revised on various function like receipt and registration, preliminary medical examination, reference and inquiry, registration of vaccine, print-out various sheet, function of transfer vaccination data, issue function of vaccination certification, function of reminder and recall, function of statistical calculation, and management of vaccine stock. There are needs of an accurate assessment of current immunization module on each private non-chart system. And further studies will be necessary to make it an accurate system under changing health policy related national immunization program. We hope that the result of this study may contribute to establish the National Immunization Registry Program.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2009

향료산업은 화학의 발전과 더불어 번창하였다. 초기에는 시나믹 알데하이드, 바닐린 등과 같은 합성 원료가 제조 되었으며 그 후 장미 천연향의 구성 성분인 메틸 아이오논이 합성되었고 점차 더 섬세하고 지속성이 강하며 안정성 및 확산성이 좋은 신규향료 개발로 연구가 진행되었다. 점차 미량으로도 충분한 향을 발현할 수 있는 향 강도가 강한 향료 개발이 가속화 되었다. 특히 최근에는 GC-MS와 GC-Olfactometry 기술의 발전에 따라 천연물에 존재하는 화합물의 확인이 더 용이해 지면서 향 화학자들의 연구 영역이 점점 더 확대되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 담배에 사용되는 케미칼 향의 분자 골격 또는 골격에 다양한 곁가지로 유도체를 합성함으로써 분자구조에 따른 향 특성 변화에 대해 논의 하였다. 세계적으로 점차 담배에 사용되는 향의 종류가 감소되는 추세에서 동일한 향 계열 중 본 논문에서 언급된 다양한 향을 적절히 선택하여 대체 사용함으로써 첨가제의 축소 및 감소에 많은 도움이 되리라 생각된다. 우선 단맛(sweet)을 내는 물질에 대해 논하는데 이 부분은 상당히 광범위하다. 그래서 단맛의 대표적인 열대과일 향과 쵸코렛 향에 대해 먼저 언급하고, 다음으로 구수한 스모키 향과 팝콘향, Cooling하고 Fresh한 향 특징을 주는 멘솔 유도체 향, 과일 향, 버섯 향, 꽃 향, 스파이스한 향 등에 대해 언급하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.1349-1352
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• 2002

Handset 을 통한 m-Commerce 시장의 확장과 더불어 커머스를 기반으로 한 물류서비스, 무선 인트라넷, 모바일 증권거래 등에 PDA(Personal Digital Assistant)를 정보단말로 이용하는 서비스가 늘어나면서 PDA 무선 보안솔루션 개발에 관련된 관심이 잇따르고 있다. 특히 PDA 무선 보안솔루션은 무선 PKI를 비롯해 암호화 솔루션, 백신, 파이어월 등 다양한 분야에서 독특한 기술이 개발되고 있으며 보안분야의 새로운 시장을 형성할 것으로 기대된다. PDA 무선 보안 솔루션은 증권, 뱅킹 등에서 시도되어지고 있는 Application layer 에서 암호/복호화 하는 방식, 유선과 동일하게 브라우저/ 웹서버에서 제공하는 SSL 암호화 방식, SSL v3 및 TLS v1 과 호환되는 자체 암호화 모듈 방식등의 3 가지로 크게 나누어 볼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 WinCE OS 의 iPaq PDA 에 SSL v3 및 TLS v1 과 호환되는 자체 암호화 모듈 방식의 시스템을 설계한다. PDA 와 서버 간의 인증, 메시지 기밀성 및 무결성을 충족시킬 수 있는 보안 서비스를 제공하고 유선과 동일한 수준의 보안 수준을 유지하면서도 지금까지 무선 암호인증의 문제점이었던 소용량 무선단말기의 한계를 극복하는 PDA 용 무선 보안 솔루션을 설계하는데 목적을 두고 있다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.478-482
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• 2018

Human rotavirus is a causative agent of acute diarrhea among children. The artificial gene encoding the truncated $VP8^*$ protein of human rotavirus A (serotype 1 strain WA) was synthesized according to the Escherichia coli codon preference. The synthetic $VP8^*$ gene also possessed the NdeI and HindIII restriction sites for the convenient in-frame cloning for translation and a 6-histidine tag at C-terminus for Ni+ affinity purification. Molecular weight of the truncated $VP8^*$ protein deduced from the nucleotide sequences of the artificial gene was a 19.7-kDa. This synthetic $VP8^*$ DNA fragment was inserted into the pT7-7 expression vector and transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3). Transformants harboring the synthetic gene encoding the $VP8^*$ protein was induced by supplement of a final concentration of 0.05 mM ITPG at $20^{\circ}C$. Protein crude extract from the E. coli transformants was subjected to Western blotting with the mouse anti-rotavirus capsid antibody, showing ~20-kDa $VP8^*$ protein band. The truncated $VP8^*$ protein band was also observed by Western blotting using the rabbit polyclonal antibody serum made against the truncated $VP8^*$ protein. This study suggested that the synthetic gene could be used as an easy way to produce the antigenic vaccine candidate for control of virus-associated diseases or to develop antibodies for diagnostic purpose.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2013

Megalocytivirus is a major fish pathogen in marine aquaculture of Asian countries including Korea. Despite of many species affected by this pathogen, little is known interaction between megalocytivirus and the fish immune system. One of the cyclooxygenase isoforms, named COX-2, is playing an important role in immune regulation, and distinct from COX-1 isoform of constitutive activity. COX-2 enzyme is induced by various inflammatory signals, including injection of lipopolysaccharide or infection by pathogenic agents. We cloned COX-2 gene in rock bream using degenerated primers designed from reported sequences of other fish species in PCR followed with 5'- and 3'-end RACE-PCR. The full length of cDNA of rbCOX2 (rock bream COX-2) gene are 2655 bp and that translates into 609 amino acids. The rbCOX-2 genomic organization are found to span 10 exons separated by 9 introns. We also studied if the experimental infection of rock bream with megalocytivirus could affect the expression of COX-2 gene. When injected with LPS, expression of the COX-2 gene was reached peak level at 1 day post injection and showed 13.10 fold increased level compared with that of control. While, when injected with megalocytivirus, we were not able to find significantly increased COX-2 gene expression different from that of control. Cloned and analyzed COX-2 gene in rock bream will help to understand defence mechanisms in fish after viral infection and will also support the development of the measures for treatment and prevention of viral infection.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.402-409
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• 2020

Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) contains a bi-segmented viral genome, RNA1 (3.4 kb, RdRp), and RNA2 (1.4 kb, capsid protein) in a small particle (25 nm). Despite its extremely compact size, NNV has caused serious damage by infecting approximately 120 fish species worldwide since it was first reported in the late 1980s. In order to minimize the damage caused by NNV infection and develop effective vaccines, it is necessary to understand the intra cellular signaling system according to NNV infection. NNV infection induces cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase via the p53-dependent pathway to use the cellular system for its replication. Otherwise, host cells recognize NNV infection through the RIG-1-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway to control the virus and infected cells, and then ISGs required for antiviral action are activated via the IFN signaling pathway. Moreover, apoptosis of infected cells is triggered by the unfolded protein response (UPR) through ER stress and mitochondria-mediated cell death. Cell signaling studies on the NNV infection mechanisms are still at an early stage and many pathways have yet to be identified. Understanding the various disease-specific cellular signaling systems associated with NNV infection is essential for rapid and accurate diagnosis and vaccine development.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.124-134
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• 2011

Purpose : We have tried to search all concerning data on the policies of hepatitis B vaccination or surveillance of medical equipments that can transmit blood mediated diseases, including disposable syringe, in Republic of Korea, to propose references to other medical professionals. Methods : Data from domestic journals, government websites, computerized newspapers, etc. were reviewed. The data were arranged into four categories (governmental policies on hepatitis B control, hepatitis B mass immunization program in school, using process of hepatitis B vaccine, and policies on medical equipments surveillance, including disposable syringes, which is considered as source of blood mediated infection), and the periodic changes on each subjects in policies were reviewed. Results : Due to growing social concerns on hepatitis B in early 1980s, swift introduction and production of hepatitis B vaccine was made. After establishment of "5 year project for eradication of hepatitis B" in late 1983, number of vaccinated population jumped up to 6 million within 2 years (1984-85). However, since the immunization targets were mainly adult, not infant, this project was annulled in late 1985. Following this project, hepatitis B mass immunization program in school was carried out. In year 1995, hepatitis B vaccine was included in national immunization program. The use of disposable syringe was recommended from year 1980 but legislated in year 1985, finally. Conclusion : The mainstay in controlling hepatitis B in Republic of Korea was coordination of prompt introduction of vaccine, mass immunization, high vaccination coverage rate, or use of disposable syringes. However, since there is lack of official data available, it is urgent to arrange and computerize all government data related to infectious diseases.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2004

Purpose : Rotaviruses are the major cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. It is important to get the epidemiologic data of rotavirus genotype for the application of rotavirus vaccine. So we tried to investigate the distribution of rotavirus genotypes with RT-PCR. Methods : A total of 120 rotavirus latex agglutinin test positive stool samples were collected continually from 120 children from Sep. 2000 to Apr. 2001. Rotavirus P(VP4), G (VP7) genotypes were determined by RT-PCR. Results : The genotype was identified in 116 stool samples of total 120 samples(96%). The incidence of G genotype was as follow; G1 17(14.2%), G2 74(61.7%), G4 1(0.8%), G9 1(0.8%). There were four cases of multiple genotypes; G1/G2, G1/G4, G1/G9, G8/G9 and genotype of G3, G8 were not found. Twenty three(19.2%) samples were nontypeable. The incidence of P was as follow; P[4] 77(64.2%), P[6] 22(18.3%), P4/P6 12(10%), P[4]/P[8] 1(0.8%) p[8] 1(0.8%). Seven(5.9%) samples were nontypeable. Conclusion : Various combinations of G and P genotypes were observed. Most rotavirus strains were P[4]G2 62(51.74%), followed by P[6]G2 7(5.8%), and P[6]G1 7(5.8%), P[4/P[6] G1 4(3%), P[4]/P[6]G2 4(3%), P[4]G1 3(2.5%), P[8]G2 1(0.8%), P[4]G4 1(0.8%) in Kyoungsangnamdo, Korea during 2000~2001.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.113-127
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• 2014

The use of mobile devices offers a variety of services to the individuals and companies. On the other hand, security threats and new mobile security threats that exist in IT infrastructure to build the environment for mobile services are present at the same time. Services such as mobile and vaccine management services, such as MDM (Mobile Device Management) has attracted a great deal of interest in order to minimize the threat of security in mobile environment. These solutions can not protect an application that was developed for the mobile service from the threat of vulnerability of mobile application itself. Under these circumstances, in this paper, we proposed mobile application security checklists based on application security review items in order to prevent security accidents that can occur in a mobile service environment. We collected and analyzed Android applications, we performed a total inspection of the applications for verification of the effectiveness of the check items. And we checked that the check items through a survey of experts suitability was verified.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.311-316
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• 2022

Tertomotide is a peptide fragment of hTert and developed as a vaccine targeting cancer. It has been reportedly known to ameliorate inflammatory symptoms in clinical tests and in animal studies. However, the therapeutic potential of tertomotide is not supposed to be comparable to conventional anti-inflammatory agents due to low druglikeness In order to treat inflammations present in varous lesion, the structure of tertomotide is required to be modified. In this context, 12 octapeptides were designed based on tertomotide and screened for the anti-inflammatory activity in activated monocyte by measuring TNF-α secretion. As a result, some octapeptides has been exerted anti-inflammatory activity, comparable to or better than tertomotide and estradiol, known anti-inflammatory agents. This result is supposed to be helpful for developing therapeutic purpose exploiting other tertomotide-derived peptides and would be an example for designing novel drug based on active biomolecules with undesirable structure by convergence study of biology and computer-aided medicinal chemistry.