• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 1999

Cotyledonary abnormalities were observed in secondary somatic embryos which were developed from calli cultured on MS medium with various concentrations of 2,4-D. In MS medium containing hormone-free or $0.1mg/{\ell}$ 2,4-D, the frequency of normal embryo formation with two cotyledons were above 57%. According to concentration of 2,4-D increment the frequency of normal embryos were decreased. In MS medium containing $4mg/{\ell}$ 2,4-D, the frequency of normal embryo formation was just 10%. The rate of germination was as follows; 37.7% of somatic embryos had one cotyledon, 85% two cotyledons, 38% three cotyledons, 35% four cotyledons, 25% five cotyledons and 29% trumpet-like cotyledons. About 80% of the embryos with two cotyledons were converted into normal plants, but one, three or four cotyledons were only 6.8~10%. The five or trumpet-like embryos were not developed into normal plants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.211.1-211
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• 2003

식혜를 제조하는 과정에서 엿기름 추출액의 농도가 당화시간과 밥알형태 및 식혜의 관능평가에 미치는 영향 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 엿기름 추출액의 농도가 기본배합비(쌀 6g, 엿기름 7g, 물240ml)의 4배(쌀 24g, 엿기름 28g, 물 240ml)일때 당화시간 단축과 밥알 형태 유지에 가장 적합하였다. 당화된 밥알의 형태는 엿기름 추출액의 농도 및 당화시간과 당화 전 밥알형태에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 당화가 완료되었을 때 보다 미량의 전분질이 남아 있을 때가 식혜의 부드러운 맛과 밥알형태 유지에 적합하였다. 밥알형태유지에 적합한 당화시간은 240분이 가장 좋았고 또한 210분과 270분에서도 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 식혜제조시 부드러운 맛과 밥알 형태를 유지하고 생산공정의 단축을 위해서는 쌀 : 엿기름 : 물을 24g : 28g ： 240m1의 비율로 제조한 후 전체의 양이 4배가 되게 약 3배의 물을 첨가하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.165-168
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• 1995

The embryos formed from anther culture of peony exhibited divergent morphologies. The frequency of normal embryos with two cotyledons was about two times higher in the embryos formed through direct embryogenesis than those formed from callus. About 69% of the embryos with two cotyledons converted into normal plants, but convention rate of the abnormal embryos with one and three or four cotyledons was only 4 to 9%. The embryos of hem and bowling pin shape did not undergo development into normal plants.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1994

Immature zygotic embryos of five Korean soybean cultivars cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) produced somatic embryos without forming an intervening callus. The highest frequency (up to 90%) of somatic embryo formation was obtained when zygotic embryos were cultlued on medium containing 1 to 2 mga 2, 0-D in four cultivars. However the frequency was highly variable to the cultivars. Transversely sliced primary somatic embryo halves were also capable of forming secondary embryos at frequencies of up to 70% when cultured on medium containing 0.1 to 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Somatic embryos formed on zygotic embryos cultured on medium containing 0.1 to 0.2 mg/L 2,4-D had two cotyledons more frequently than one horn-type cotyledon and those on medium containing 0.5 to 4mg/L 2,4-LD had a horm-type cotyledon at a prominently higher freequency. However somatic embryos on medium containing 10mg/L or higher concentrations of 2,4-D were usually shunted at the globular stage even after transfer to medium containing lower concentrations of 2,4-D or other growth regulators. non somatic embryos with one or two cotyledons or a hem-type cotyledon were transferred to medium containing $GA_3$, those with two cotyledons converted to plantlets at a higher frequency (25%) than the others.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.395-398
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• 2006

동일한 조건에서 순수한 물과 계면활성제인 DBS(dodecyl bezebe sulfonic acid) 25ppm을 첨가한 물에 대해 천연가스 하이드레이트를 제조시 가스의 함유량은 각각 80배와 160배로 2배의 차이가 발생한다. 이에 대해 본 연구에서는 결정 생성 형태의 관찰 및 $^{13}C$ NMR을 사용한 분광학적 구조 분석으로부터 이의 원인을 찾고자 하였다. 순수한 물과 DBS를 미량 함유한 물을 사용하여 whiskery 결정을 생성시킨 결과, 순수한 물을 사용한 경우보다 섬유 다발 형태가 매우 활발한 형태의 결정 형태로 가스하이드 레이트가 생성됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 400MHz의 NMR을 사용한 분광학적 구조 분석으로부터 천연가스하이드레이트는 구조-I과 구조-II가 혼재된 결정 구조를 이루고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 DBS를 함유한 물에 의해 제조된 천연가스하이드레이트는 arge cage를 많이 생성시키는 역할을 하는 분석 결과를 보였고 이것이 가스 함유량을 증대시키는 원인 중의 하나임을 알 수 있었다.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.310-317
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• 2014

This study was conducted to find basic information for the research of morphological dormancy in seeds of two genera (Heloniopsis and Thalictrum) native to Korea. Seeds of Heloniopsis koreana, Heloniopsis tubiflora, Thalictrum rochenbrunianum, Thalictrum uchiyamai, and Thalictrum coreanum were collected, and embryo morphology and seed germination were investigated. All seeds of five species had underdeveloped embryos which occupied about 10-20% of the full seed length at maturity. The seeds of H. koreana and H. tubiflora had rudimentary embryos. The seeds of T. rochenbrunianum, T. uchiyamai, and T. coreanum had intermediate type between rudimentary and linear embryo. The small embryos of all seeds of five species grew to a critical length before radicles emerge from the seeds. At 30 days after sowing, the seeds of H. koreana and H. tubiflora germinated to 22.7% and 40.7%, respectively. On the other hand, the seeds of T. rochenbrunianum, T. uchiyamai, and T. coreanum germinated to 12.5%, 3.3%, and 0%, respectively. If embryo growth and germination in seeds are completed in approximately 30 days, the seed are said to have morphological dormancy (MD). However, if the seeds require > 30 days for germination, they are considered to have morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). Thus, the seeds of H. koreana and H. tubiflora had about 78% and 60% MPD, respectively. On the other hand, the seeds of T. rochenbrunianum, T. uchiyamai, amd T. coreanum had about 87%, 96%, and 100% MPD, respectively. There was a different level of dormancy (MD and MPD) within the same seed population examined. Therefore, germination of the seeds was delayed due to the underdeveloped embryos. This result could contribute to determine morphological seed dormancy and germination mechanism in seeds of the Korean Peninsula.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.115-118
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• 1998

This experiments were carried out to determine the optimum concentrations of plant growth regulators for the direct embryogenesis from the cotyledon culture of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Zygotic embryos rescued from true seeds were developed abnormally in the medium containing ABA. But somatic embryogenesis from cotyledons of abnormal seedlings was induced more effectively. Also the somatic embryogenesis from cotyledons was promoted in the medium containing ABA. The frequency of embryogenesis was maximum(59.9%) from the cotyledons cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L ABA on which the frequency of somatic embryos with two cotyledons was 22.6%.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to examine the fertilization and embryonic development rates of porcine oocytes matured in vitro according to the morphological normality of epididymal sperm in porcine IVF. The results obtained in this experiment were summarized as follows : 1. When the ratio of morphological normality of epididymal sperm was divided into the three groups with $\leq$ 10%, 10-30% and $\geq$ 50%, the fertilization and embryonic devel-opment rates of 능50% group (64%. 26%) w were significantly higher than those of other two groups ($\leq$10%: 27%, 6% and 10-30%: 36%. 5%) (p$\leq$50% group of morphologically normal epididymal sperm was adjusted to 100% (5 x 10$^5$ cells/ml), the fertilization a and development rates (63%, 27%) of epidymal sperm were similar to those of frozen-thawed ejaculated sperm (56%, 35%). 3. Also, when the fertilization and development rates of epididymal sperm were analyzed according to the oocyte : sperm ratio (1:6000, 1: 6650, 1: 7700, 1: 10000), the fertilization and development rates indicated high, in 1:6000 (68%, 32%) and 1:6650 (89%, 31%), the ratio of oocyte: sperm. Therefore, when the percentage of morphological normality of epididymal sperm is more than 50, the embryonic development a can be obtained similar to that of frozen thawed ejaculated sperm. Also, these result suggested that the morphological evaluation of normal sperm in porcine IVF using epididymal sperm sho비d be prerequisite for the more effective embryonic developm ment.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.53-56
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• 2009

반사와 굴절이 합쳐진 새로운 형태의 하이브리드 태양광 집광 장치로 기존 집광 장치에 비해 초점 거리가 짧게 설계되었다. 프레넬 렌즈 형태의 굴절부와 프레넬형의 다수의 포물선 반사경이 공통으로 후면 초점(rear focus)을 가지도록 배치하여 기존 프레넬 렌즈만으로 구성된 것보다 선형 집광의 경우는 3배, 점 집광의 경우는 10배 이상 집광비를 높일 수 있다.아울려 이를 이용한 선형 집광형 발전 시스템과 점형 집광 장치는 나름대로 장점을 가진다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.547-549
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• 2000

Truetype 글꼴은 외곽선정보를 벡터 데이터 형태로 가지고 있기 때문에 사용자의 수정이 매우 용이한 글꼴이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 truetype 글꼴의 특성을 이용하여 글꼴의 외곽선 정보를 알아낸 후 외곽선을 다양한 패턴으로 분할하는 방법을 제시하려 한다. 직선에서는 Brensenham 알고리즘을 이용한 패턴 분할을 행하였고, 곡선에서는 Casteljar 알고리즘을 바탕으로 선형보간법을 이용한 재귀호출 방법을 사용하여 패턴 분할을 행하였다. 이러한 임의 패턴 분할을 이용해서 다양한 길이를 가진 형태의 패턴을 생성함으로써, 글꼴의 외곽선에 다양한 효과를 줄 수 있다.