• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.63-69
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• 1996

Korean cabbage waste is produced in huge amounts in the process of dealing, and most of them are discarded imposing burden on our environment. In case of Garakdong agricultural and marine market in Seoul, the daily average amount of Korean cabbage waste is estimated more than 355ton(64.1% of the overall amount in waste occurrence). Recycling the cabbage waste is important for the protection of environment and reuse of waste materials. We examined the present situation of occurrence of the cabbage wastes, normal properties of the dietary fiber, and the conversion of high value-added dietary fiber from the cabbage wastes. As a result of examination of the content of dietary fiber in Korean cabbage waste, we found that the dietary fiber content(2.5%) was higher than the known value(0.7%), and that in the process of extraction of dietary fiber, there was no significant difference between the samples added with amylase and protease compared to control.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 1996

The possibility of using waste brine and cabbage waste from kimchi industry as raw materials for the production of yeast cell mass was investigated. Among four strains of osmotolerant yeast, Candida guilliermondii ATCC 6260 showed the best growth in the waste brine containing about 1.0g/L of reducing sugar and 7% to 12% of NaCl. The growth of C. guilliermondii in waste brine was affected slightly between the temperature range of $25^{\circ}C$ to $35^{\circ}C$ and the initial pH of 3 to 6. The NaCl concentration up to 9% was not inhibitory to the growth of C. guilliermondii and the addition of 10mM of ammonium salts or 5mM of potassium phosphate had no effect on the growth. The growth of yeast reduced BOD of the waste brine by 85% within 24hours. When C. guilliermondii was cultured in waste brine added with cabbage juice extracted from waste cabbage, the cell mass was increased significantly.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.331-336
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• 1998

The possibility of using waste brine from kimchi factory as a substrate for the production of the single cell protein was investigated. The growth of Pichia guilliermondii A9 isolated from waste brine was not inhibited by the NaCl up to 10% (w/v). BOD of the waste brine was reduced to one tenth after 24 hours of yeast culture. The addition of ammonium salt, phosphate, and micronutrients to the waste brine did not enhance the growth of P. guilliermondii A9. However, when the brine was enriched with juice from waste cabbage, the final cell mass increased proportionally with the amount of added organic material, suggesting a practical application for the treatment of two different types of waste produced during kimchi manufacturing.

• Corrugated packaging logistics
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• v.3 no.14
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• pp.93-118
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• 1996

이 보고서는 우리나라 공산품 및 농산물의 상품화, 포장화 유통개선 사상, 그 마지막 포장화 대상품목인 배추$\cdot$무우$\cdot$양배추$\cdot$파$\cdot$마늘 등에 대한 포장화 추진계획은 그간 정부, 농업관계단체, 생산농가 및 포장재 생산업계에서 부단히 노력하여 왔으며, 특히 골판지포장업계에서는 1993년 12월 10일부로 무포장 Bulk로 수송 판매되고 있는 배추$\cdot$무우 포장용 골판지 상자에 대하여 골판지포장조합 단체표준규격을 제정, 통상산업부 공업진흥청의 승인을 받은 것을 시발점으로 하여, 최근 들어 환경정책상 배추쓰레기 감량화, 배추의 유통 개선$\cdot$출하비용의 절감 및 배추의 손모율 감소 선도유지 대책과 맞물려, 배추포장화 정책이 급진전을 보게 되어, 한국골판지포장조합이 조사 추진한 배추포장화 활동과 서울특별시농수산물도매시장관리공사 등이 분석한 자료로 그 추진경과$\cdot$배추포장용 골판지상자 표준규격 및 관련자료 통계를 엮어 관계자 여러분의 참고자료로 제공한 것입니다.

• Corrugated packaging logistics
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• v.9 no.43
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• pp.112-113
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• 2002

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of composting of vegetable wastes containing high moisture. The parameters investigated were the effect of energy source addition, difference in bulking agent and recirculation of leachate produced during composting. Laboratory scale composting reactors were used in this study. Chinese cabbages were used as a vegetable waste. Dog food was added to the vegetable waste as a energy source. Wood chips and leaves of platan were used as bulking agents. There may be an appropriate amount of energy source to be added for composting high moisture content vegetable waste. In this study, the appropriate amount of energy source was 20% of the vegetable waste by weight basis. Recirculation of total amount of leachate produced each day on the same day may not be an appropriate approach due to the significant heat-quenching effect. When the total amount of leachate produced was equally devided and recirculated everyday through the whole composting period, the heat-quenching effect was comparatively less significant. There were no notable differences in the temperature profile and the $CO_2$ evoluation rate when leaves were used instead of wood chips as bulking agents. Considering waste recycling, it is desirable to use leaf waste as bulking agents if available, because the leaves are also wastes to be disposed of.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.93-101
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• 2000

The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge mixture using anaerobic system. The Biochemical methane Potentials of cabbage and food waste were $297ml\;CH_4/g$ VS and $306.7ml\;CH_4/g$ VS, respectively. The biodegradability of food waste was 60%. The concentrations of acetate, propionate, and isobutyrate produced during the aerobic acidogenesis of food waste for 36 hours were 7,000~7,200 ppm, 260~280 ppm, 380~400 ppm, and 40~50 ppm, respectively, of which acetate was over 85%. The concentrations of acetate, propionate, and isobutyrate produced during the anaerobic acidogenesis for 36 hours were 1,400~1,600 ppm, 30~40 ppm, 220~250 ppm, and 260~300 ppm, respectively, of which acetate was over 70%. The biodegradabilities of aerobic and anaerobic acidogenesis were 30% and 25%, respectively. Methanogensis could be activated under 1 % of NaCl and 1,000 ppm of volatile fatty acids at the range of pH 6.8~7.2. The maximum mixture ratio of food waste and sewage sludge in the present study was 2:8 by the result of VS removal rate and Methane production.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.667-671
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• 2014

By analyzing seed germination indexes of cabbage and radish, this study aims to evaluate the toxicity of food waste compost, which is produced by fermentation-extinction technology with bio wood chips. In the experimental results, the seed germination index of food waste compost for cabbage and radish was shown in the range of a minimum 104 and maximum 170. It was satisfied with the over 70 criteria in the level of the Korea fertilizer process specification. Consequently, the food waste compost from fermentation-extinction reaction with bio wood chips was evaluated by the appropriate compost maturity for the plantation.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.715-725
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• 2012

This study was performed to make the method of food waste manufacturing for feeding to earthworm and different ratio of earthworm cast was investigated for applying vegetable plants that cultivated in a family or roof garden. We made conventional treatment of gardening soil and prepared soils with earthworm cast (the only fertilizer) at 30, 50, 70 and 100% for planting vegetable plants and then we studied its growth feature. The treatment was repeated three times with 12 weeks for each time. The cultivation of radish and chinese cabbage were managed at the same cultivation level for RDA standard cultivation method, and each sample of soils and plants was analyzed by appropriate analysis method. The growth investigation was performed 12 week after planting, and as for growth characteristics, height, leaf diameter, leaf number, leaf length, fresh weight and dry weight were investigated. The chemical characteristics, soils and plants, were surveyed. As for the growth characteristics investigated, radish and chinese cabbage showed the biggest growth in 70% and 50% treatment with average growth of all characteristics, height, leaf diameter, leaf number, leaf length, fresh weight and dry weight, respectively. Applying these results, a new equation for vermicast recommendation for radish and Chinese cabbage in summer (June-August) was presented. The earthworm cast 50% level with the gardening soil showed the high production in chinese cabbage. In case of radish, earthworm cast 70% with gardening soil level showed great growth, significantly.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.125-134
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• 1999

The goal of this study was to find the way of reduction on food waste in the university cafeteria. A survey was conducted on the 502 students using Yeungnam University cafeteria, and illustrates the students' use and perception for the reduction of food waste. Its results can be summarized as follows: 57.2 percent of the total users use the university cafeteria every day, also 77.1 percent of the students preferred Korean style dish. Female students left more food waste than male students, and the most leaving food was stews than the other types of foods. The most favorite stew and side dish turned out tc be Yukgaejang and Bulgogi respectively, also they preferred Kimchibokkumbab. But they disliked Baechuguk, Sungiguk, salted fish and fishes. The perception of female users on the reduction of food waste was lower than that of male users, but they were concerned about on the reduction and recycling of food waste. Also the best method of food waste treatment recognized by students were utilizing the waste food as fertilizer or fodder for animals.