• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2021

This study was conducted on 1,174 retirees in their 50s and 60s nationwide using the 7th data of the National Pension Service's National Elderly Security Panel Survey. We were able to confirm the following results through the SPSS WIN 18.0 program.. First, men showed a higher level of education than women. From these results, it is expected that men will be better prepared for retirement. Second, men had spouses and two or more household members than women. According to previous studies showing that men are better prepared for retirement if they have a spouse, it is expected that men are better prepared for retirement. Second, 38% of men and 62% of women were voluntary retirees. Third, both men and women responded that their own and spouses should play the main role in preparing for retirement. Fourth, both men and women had very low rates of preparation for old age, economic independence, and public and private pensions. Among them, women were lower than men. Fifth, economic problem solving, health, and medical care were the priority as parts to be done for retirement in oneself and society. Based on these results, the directions for preparing retirees for retirement are as follows. First, education on wage peak system, retirement age extension and financial management for involuntary retirees is required, and guidance and management methods on health care and disease should be provided to address needs for health and health care. Women had more voluntary retirees than men, and they need to know why. Second, when both men and women are very poor at preparing for retirement, there should be job creation measures to ensure that they and their spouses are fully prepared for retirement.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2021

Electronic learning (e-learning) empowers the higher education in providing sustainable instruction during the infrequent circumstance when the wide-spreading disastrous challenge of the COVID-19 results in the closure of various sectors in the society. During this time, e-learning serves the levels of the education sector such as higher education well by delivering and receiving materials from distance with respect to movement restrictions imposed by the government, for example the Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia. In this qualitative survey, the existing e-learning challenges and the recommended solutions to the problems from the senior lecturers' perspectives were collected through an online open-ended questionnaire. A number of five senior lecturers out of eight at the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) answered the questionnaire. The UTM has been capable of providing e-learning courses for all of its lecturers and students during the closure of higher education institutions owing to the pernicious health conditions stemmed from the crisis of the COVID-19. The major existing challenges found in the e-learning program at the UTM and the suggested solutions to address them are listed and the main themes are illustrated in the word cloud format using the NVivo software. In the end, the conclusion is paragraphed and the future work is proposed. Overall, the purpose of this study is to address the e-learning challenges and to prepare a list of recommendations that can serve as solutions from the standpoint of the UTM senior lecturers during the MCO in Malaysia.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2021

In modern society, digital lifestyles are spreading to minimize contact with people and to receive contactless information. The spread trend has established an unmanned distribution system in which transactions through contactless technologies such as kiosks and chatbots are activated in face-to-face transactions with sellers and consumers. In order to streamline logistics supply worldwide, digital new deal based joint logistics hubs, unmanned courier storage platforms, and fresh logistics based last mile services have been developed into unmanned logistics systems, focusing on the intelligent logistics system automation process. Unmanned courier storage system installed in urban areas and home to daily logistics where volume is concentrated are provided with fresh logistics services through cold chain and receiving freights in contactless environments. Development is also underway to minimize safety accidents caused by courier services, such as managing various information based on the integrated control system. This paper defines the concept of integrated operation for the development of a platform for contactless unmanned courier storage device developed into next-generation logistics system. In addition, we intend to develop systems engineering-based output for deriving safety requirements and specifications by identifying risk sources that may occur in the operational scenario. Therefore, the goal is to establish a foundation for safety and reliability between interfaces of logistics systems to be installed in apartment and subway station environments that want to provide unmanned logistics services to various consumers.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2021

Recently, the number of consumers using digital online distribution platforms is increasing. This caused the rapid growth of the e-commerce market and increased delivery volume in urban areas. The logistics system, designed ar006Fund the city center to handle the delivery volume, operates a delivery system from the outskirts of the city to the urban area using cargo trucks. This maintains an ecosystem of high-cost and inefficient structures that increase social costs such as road traffic congestion and environmental problems. To solve this problem, research is being conducted worldwide to establish a high-efficiency urban joint logistics system using urban railway facilities and underground space infrastructure existing in existing cities. The joint logistics system begins with linking unmanned delivery automation services that link terminal delivery such as cargo classification and stacking, infrastructure construction that performs cargo transfer function by separating from passengers such as using cargo platform. To this end, it is necessary to apply the device to the vertical and horizontal transportation machine supporting the vertical transfer in the flat space of the joint logistics terminal, which is the base technology for transporting cargo using the transfer robot to the destination designated as a freight-only urban railway vehicle. Therefore, this paper aims to derive holistic viewpoints needs for design requirements for vertical and vertical transportation machines and freight transportation standard containers, which are underground railway logistics transport devices to be constructed by urban logistics ecosystem changes.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2020

This study aims to improve the family friendly certification system by analyzing the actual experience of family friendly certified companies with the certification's incentives and their demand for new incentives. We analyzed 2018 survey data of family friendly certified company incentives and interviewed representatives from 9 family friendly certified companies. First, the use of incentives differs according to the level of corporate classification, number of employees, industry, certification continuation training, and incentive impact. Current family friendly certification incentives indicate that the utilization rate of incentives is high when small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) with less than 300 employees have newly received family friendly certification. Second, the use of the certification mark significantly differs by industry, certification duration, and incentive impact. Interviews with the companies' family friendly certification managers revealed that the incentives that companies use mainly are the Public Procurement Service bid points and priority immigration service. Large corporations hope for strong incentives, such as the National Tax Service's deferred tax investigation, interest rate cuts for bank loans, and corporate tax cuts. Lastly, the family friendly certification mark is a representative incentive used by 60% of family friendly certified companies. For the qualitative growth and stabilization of the family friendly certification system, the family friendly certification mark should be improved to become a more attractive incentive.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.229-242
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• 2020

Purpose - To study the factors that are related with compliance for the voluntary surrender program of drive's license for senior drives and to estimate the rate of voluntary surrender. Design/methodology/approach - We online surveyed 147 individuals in order to analyze the intention to comply the program. The surveyees were driver's license holders aged 54 to 65 and drawn to answer their willingness to comply in a 5-point Likert scale. We developed an ordered probit model to analyze the data. Findings - According to the main results of the empirical analysis, the higher the average number of driving per week, regardless of gender and age, the more negative was the driver toward voluntarily surrender of driver's license. Various policy measures need to be prepared to activate the voluntary surrender system using the willingness to voluntarily surrender the driver's license and the characteristics of the voluntary returners, and the implementation of customized safe driving training for elderly drivers may be one such method. Research implications or originality - Population aging is known to cause various social problems, and in the transportation field, the number of elderly drivers and traffic accidents by elderly drivers are also increasing. The government is implementing a program for elderly drivers to voluntarily surrender of their driver's licenses in order to reduce traffic accidents caused by elderly drivers. If only elderly drivers who rarely drive surrender their driver's licenses then traffic accidents may not reduce as much as the program targets, however, and further policy instruments may be needed.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2021

제조 시계열 데이터 클러스터링 기법은 제조 대용량 데이터 기반 군집화를 통한 설비 및 공정 이상 탐지 분류를 위한 중요한 솔루션이지만 기존 정적 데이터 대상 클러스터링 기법을 시계열 데이터에 적용함에 있어 낮은 정확도를 가지는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 진화 연산 기반 시계열 군집 분석 접근 방식을 제시하여 기존 클러스터링 기술에 대한 정합성 향상하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 먼저 제조 공정 결과 이미지 형상을 선형 스캐닝을 활용하여 1차원 시계열 데이터로 변환하고 해당 변환 데이터 대상으로 Pearson 거리 매트릭을 기반으로 계층적 군집 분석 및 분할 군집 분석에 대한 최적 하위클러스터를 도출한다. 해당 최적 하위클러스터 대상 유전 알고리즘을 활용하여 유사도가 최소화되는 최적의 군집 조합을 도출한다. 그리고 실제 제조 과정 이미지 대상으로 기존 클러스터링 기법과 성능 비교를 통하여 제안된 클러스터링 기법의 성능 우수성을 검증한다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2019

Currently, LPWA(Low Power Wide Area) communication technology is widely used due to the development of IoT(Internet of Things) technology. Among the LPWA technologies, LoRaWAN(Long Range Wide Area Network) is widely used in many fields due to its wide coverage, stable communication speed, and low-cost modem module prices. In particular, LoRa(Long Range) can easily construct LoRaWAN with a dedicated gateway. So many organizations are building their own LoRaWAN-based networks. The LoRaWAN Gateway receives the LoRa packet transmitted from an End-device installed in the adjacent location, converts it into the Internet protocol, and sends the packet to the final destination server. Current LoRa Gateway uses a single-hop method, and each gateway must include a communication network capable of the Internet. If it is the mobile communication(i.e., WCDMA, LTE, etc.) network, it is required to pay the internet usage fee which is installed in each gateway. If the LoRa communication is frequent, the user has to spend a lot of money. We propose an idea on how to design a multi-hop protocol which enables packet routing between gateways by analyzing the LoRaWAN communication method implemented in its existing single-hop way in this paper. For this purpose, this paper provides an analysis of the standard specification of LoRaWAN and explains what was considered when such protocol was designed. In this paper, two gateways have been placed based on the functional role so as to make the multi-hop protocol realized: (i) hopping gateway which receives packets from the end-device and forwards them to another gateway; and (ii) main gateway which finally transmits packets forwarded from the hopping gateway to the server via internet. Moreover, taking into account that LoRaWAN is wireless mobile communication, a level-based routing method is also included. If the protocol proposed by this paper is applied to the LoRaWAN network, the monthly internet fee incurred for the gateway will be reduced and the reliability of data transmission will be increased.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

본 연구는 다층 퍼셉트론과 지도형 학습알고리즘에 대해 알아보았고, 아울러 neuralnet이라는 패키지를 사용하여 공변수들과 반응변수 간의 함수적 관계를 어떻게 모델링하는지 살펴보았다. 본 연구에서 적용된 알고리즘은 반응변수 값의 실제치와 예측치 간의 비교에 근거한 오차함수의 최소화를 위한 모수인 가중치들의 계속적인 조정을 특징으로 한다. 본 연구에서 설명하는 neuralnet 패키지는 활성화함수와 오차함수를 주어진 상황에 맞게 적절히 선택하고 나머지 매개변수들은 기본값으로 둘 수 있다. 본 연구에서 살펴본 불임 데이터에 대해 neuralnet 패키지를 활용한 결과 4개의 독립변수 중에서 age는 불임에 영향력이 거의 없음을 파악할 수 있었다. 아울러 신경망의 가중치는 -751.6부터 7.25에 이르기까지 다양한 값을 취하며, 첫 번째 은닉층의 절편은 -92.6과 7.25이며, 첫 번째 은닉뉴런으로 가는 공변수 age, parity, induced, spontaneous에 대한 가중치는 각각 3.17, -5.20, -36.82, -751.6임을 파악했다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.652-666
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• 2021

유튜브 채널에서 중국 관련 코로나19 정보의 확산과정을 네트워크 분석을 통해 알아봤다. 중국 관련 코로나19 정보를 사실 정보와 허위정보로 구분했고, 사실 정보는 긍정적, 부정적으로 분류했다. 네트워크 분석결과 부정적 정보와 허위정보가 많았고, 긍정적 정보는 가장 적었다. 허위정보 중에서 우한연구소 유출설 관련 동영상이 많았고, 유전자 조작설 관련 동영상의 조회 수와 매개 중심성 평균이 가장 컸다. 언론사 채널은 허위정보에 대한 팩트 체크보다 있는 그대로 전달하는데 그쳤다. 중국 관련 코로나19 동영상 중 부정적 정보와 허위정보가 많았다는 것은 중국 관련 비판적이거나 자극적인 내용이 유튜버의 관심을 끌었다는 것을 보여준다. 결론적으로 유튜브 채널의 허위정보는 이용자들이 유사한 주제의 동영상을 시청하게 하는 확산 효과를 가져왔다.