• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.285-291
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• 2009

The aim of the present study was undertaken to investigate the association between diagnostic indices of metabolic syndrome(MetS) with carotid intima-media thickness using ultrasonography. The participants in the study were 315 male employees without carotid atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular disease. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute. Written informed consent for the participants in this study was obtained from all individuals. Anthropometric parameters and biochemical characteristics were done using each specific equipments and the NCEP-ATP III criteria were used to define MetS. They were examined by B-mode ultrasound to measure the carotid intima-media thickness(carotid IMT) at the near and far walls of common carotid and bifurcation(bulb). The mean carotid IMT was $0.739{\pm}0.137\;mm$ and it's thickness significantly increased with the increase in age. Also, amounts of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride and fasting glucose were significantly increased with the increase in age. Carotid IMT were significantly correlated with BMI(r=0.170, p=0.004), systolic(r=0.148, p=0.011) and diastolic blood pressure(r=0.123, p=0.036) and HDL-cholesterol(r=-0.164, p=0.005). On multiple logistic regression analysis for the diagnostic indices of MetS, carotid IMT were significantly associated with blood pressure(OR=4.220, p<0.01) and MetS(OR=1.301, p<0.05). The results indicate that blood pressure and MetS are important risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of bone mineral density according to distal radius rotation and the correlations of the lowest BMD measured by DXA at the lumba versus distal radius. The eleven males were projected distal radius by DR X-ray and the measurement of BMD by DXA of the appropriate position of the forearm were performed on 21 males. The healthy 11 and 21 volunteers without any history of operations, anomalies, or trauma were enrolled. The experiment was performed by two methods. First, The DR X-ray was measured distal radius of 11 males in pronation and supination with three, six and nine degrees, including a neutral position. The ROI was measured by the m-view program on the PACS monitor. Second, The DXA was measured distal radius of 21 males in pronation and supination with five and ten degrees, including a neutral position to evaluate the changes of BMD according to the rotation. A correlation of the BMD in the distal radius with BMD that lumbar spine was performed, along with analysis of the data by SPSS 12.0v. The mean rotation angle of the distal radius about eleven males DR X-ray measured $7^{\circ}$ of pronation (82%, n = 9), $6^{\circ}$ of supination and $0^{\circ}$ of neutral of (9%, n = 1), The total average rotation angle in 11 male was $5.1^{\circ}$ of pronation. The rotation angle of the distal radius about twenty one males on DXA measured $7.2^{\circ}$ of pronation (43%, n = 9), $7^{\circ}$ of supination (24%, n = 5), and $0^{\circ}$ of neutral (33%, n = 7), The total average rotation angle in 21 people was $4.1^{\circ}$ of pronation. The correlation of the analysis of lumba and distal radius were r = 3.0, p = 0.18. consequently, The correlation was not significance. Because BMD of lumba was not coverd for BMD of the distal radius, with a neutral position, Pronation is needed for BMD in the distal radius with the rotation angle measuring at the lowest BMD. the rotation angle about five degrees of pronation of the distal radius is recommended.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.1 s.84
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• pp.39-50
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• 2001

In proceeding with orthodontic treatment, the prediction for the shape, growth rate and growth direction of mandible plays a major role to set up the treatment plan and determine its period and prognosis. Various approaches being made so far have shown that the linear and angular measurement using lateral cephalograms are relatively accurate to estimate them. This study was purposed to find the shape of mandible more clearly by preventing the overlap of the Condyle head area which appears in lateral cephalogram, and to estimate its growth rate by comparing the growth quantity and ratio via lateral area measurement. This experimental was performed against 40 patients total, of which Class I of 14, Class II of 9 and Class III of 17 consist. Wide open lateral cephalograms of 40 patients were taken over average period of 4 Year 3 Months, then the linear and angular measurements were carried out with 11 itemized lists. Autocad Rl4 application program was utilized to draw their appearance, measure and compare their lateral area. As a result of study, conclusions were made as follows; 1. Mandibular body length (gonion-menton) tended to increase in order of CIII, CI and CII, and Mandibular body length of CIII group had a tendency to grow twice faster than that of CII group. 2. In lateral items such as Go-Me, A-Cd, B-Cp, E-F and G-H, CIII showed a significant increase on the year-average quantity and rate of the growth, and especially apparent difference was observed in CIII group rather than CII group. 3. For the 4 Year 3 Months period, the year-average growth quantity of lateral area of the mandible was $1.0cm^2$ for Class I, $0.8cm^2$ for Class II and $1.4cm^2$ for Class III, which corresponds to $11.9\%,\;11.8\%\;and\;20.3\%$ of growth ratio respectively. Thus, growth ratio almost 2 times more than other groups was observed in group CIII while growth ratio between group CI and CII has little difference. 4. Considering the results as above, it can be proposed that the difference in size of the mandible between groups is caused by the difference in the growth rate and growth quantity of the mandible, which generated in the middle of growth, rather than the difference in size of congenital Jaw-bone.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.919-926
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• 2021

In this study, we wanted to find out the optimal angle as a modified tangential projection of the patella. In the experiment, we used Kyoto Kagaku's PBU-50 phantom. In the supine position, the F-T angle was set to 95°, 105°, 115°, 125°, 135°, 145°, and Patella tangential projection images were obtained by varying the X-ray tube angle by 5° so that the angle between the X-ray centerline and tibia at each angle was 5~20°. Image J was used for image analysis and the congruence angle, lateral patellofemoral angle, patellofemoral index and contrast to noise ratio(CNR) were also measured. SPSS 22 was used for statistical analysis, and the mean values of congruence angle, patellofemoral angle, patellofemoral index, and CNR were compared with Merchant method through one-way batch analysis and corresponding sample t-test. As a result of the study, in the case of congruence angle, the angle of incidence of the knee-angle X-ray centerline was 105°-72.5° (20° tangential irradiation), 115°-72.5°, 77.5° (15, 20° tangential irradiation), 125°-82.5° (20° tangential irradiation), lateral patellofemoral angle is 115°-72.5°, 77.5° (15, 20° tangential irradiation), 125°-72.5° (10° tangential irradiation), patellofemoral index is 115°-72.5° (15° tangential irradiation) and 125°-72.5° (10° tangential irradiation) were not significantly different from Merchant method (p> .05). In case of CNR, it is not different from Merchant method at 105°-67.5°, 72.5° (15, 20° tangential irradiation), 115°-67.5°, 72.5°, 77.5° (10, 15, 20° tangential irradiation). (P> .05). Based on the results of this study, high diagnostic value images can be obtained by setting the knee angle and the angle of incidence of the X-ray tube to 115°-72.5° (15° tangential irradiation) during the modified tangential examination of the knee bone. It was confirmed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2019

The study was conducted surveying ultrasound room workers on hospital infection awareness in Daejeon and Choong-chunng region. The contamination of ultrasonic probes used in clinical trials was measured using ATP, and the results were verified after using 70% alcohol sterilization. It was measured on the group's general characteristics and the specific categories such as academic background, job type, having professional certificate and infection education. After the examination, the gel removal and method, disinfection status of the probe and variable correlation analysis were performed to analyze the recognition of the ultrasonic probe disinfection. After examination in ultrasound room, it was found that towels were used the most for cleaning, and the gel container was not replaced for more than three months. After 70% alcohol disinfection, ATP contamination was reduced from $1055.4{\pm}944.2$ to $133.5{\pm}93.2$ and the result was analyzed to be statistically significant.(${\rho}<0.01$) The found bacteria were CNS, Gram positive bacillus, and Micrococcus specs. In order to solve this problem, 70% alcohol sterilization was applied and the bacteria were not detected after the treatment. The research shows that regular training on infection control and efforts to prevent infection are necessary, and that 70% alcohol is effective in disinfect the bacteria. Therefore, the medical institution should provide active hospital infection control education to improve the awareness of hospital infection among workers and contribute to the prevention of patient infection. It is also understood that proper use of the results of this study will help prevent infection by means of ultrasonic probes.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 1984

The exposure doses by the radioactive gaseous effluents from nuclear power plants are investigated in the two cases of normal operation and hypothetical accident. Gaussian equation is adapted in the normal operation as the diffusion model of effluents for long period, which uses annual average meteorological data. But the real time models have been used in the case of accidents which analyze the changes of wind direction and speed. In this study the annual exposure doses by the normal operation of Kori unit 1 during $1977{\sim}1982$ were calculated on the basis of the atmospheric diffusion factor by the Gaussian straight line model. And the image processing technique was suggested as the effective method through the wind tunnel experiments to get the characteristic value of atmospheric diffusion coefficient required especially in the accidents of nuclear power plants.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.252-259
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• 2011

This study was to find out the correlation between abdominal surface temperature and abdominal fat areas. CT and MRI methods have been used to assess abdominal fat area. Abdominal surface temperature according to abdominal fat area was also measured by DITI. 20 college students were selected as the subjects for the study. The results, showed that there were statistically different significance in abdominal fats measured by CT and MRI according to weight groups. Abdominal surface temperature gap were measured by DITI and there was a statistically significant difference in only T12 region. temperature gaps between weight groups were over $0.7^{\circ}C$. In conclusion, CT method is the most accurate method to measure abdominal fat. However, weak points are radiation exposure and high cost for study. The correlation between abdominal surface temperature and abdominal fat areas were strong. Therefore, DITI may be considered as useful convenient method to evaluate the abdominal obesity and clinical usefulness.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.388-396
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of malocclusion on the self-esteem of female university students. Methods: The subjects were composed of 67 female university students who showed Class 1 molar relation, no missing or supernumerary teeth and has had no orthodontic treatment experience. Each subject was evaluated with Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale to measure the level of self-esteem and also evaluated the degree of anterior crowding and lip protrusion through model analysis and cephalometric soft tissue profile analysis. Results: The results showed that a protrusive profile and crowding of upper anterior teeth had significant reducing effects on the level of self-esteem. The protrusion and crowding groups showed no significant differences in self-esteem between groups. Conclusions: Malocclusion had significant negative effects on the self-esteem of female university students. Further research to investigate the negative psychological influence of malocclusion and the education of lay people about this influence is necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.286-292
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• 2011

This study investigated the degree of fracture healing using cathode stimulation of microcurrent, cathode and anode stimulation of High Voltage Pulsed Galvanic Current (HVPGC). Measures were performed by X-ray test and Hematoxylin-Eosin stain and Masson's trichrome stain and osteocalcin-positive immunoreactivity. In the measure of X-ray, microcurrent stimulation group revealed more rapid recovery than the groups of HVPGC's cathode and anode stimulation in bone union degrees. Microcurrent group showed significant difference statistically (p<0.05). However, the groups of HVPGC's cathode and anode stimulation didn't show significant difference statistically(p>0.05). In the histologic examination with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson's trichrome, microcurrent stimulation group was observed more proliferation of irregular woven bones than the groups of HVPGC's cathode and anode stimulation. Osteocalcin-positive immunoreactivity was observed more osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast, bone matrix than the groups of HVPGC's cathode and anode stimulation. Microcurrent stimulation can be considered an effective way during healing of fresh fracture and it can show more effective method than HVPGC's cathode and anode stimulation in the fracture healing.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2014

Recently with CT developed, various studies for reduction of exposure dose is underway. Study of bismuth shields in these studies is actively underway, and has already been applied in the clinical. However, the application of the PET/CT examination was not activated. Therefore, through this study, depending on the application of bismuth shields in the PET/CT examination, we identify the quality of the image and the impact on the Standard Uptake Value (SUV). In this study, to apply to the shielding of the breast, by using the bismuth shields that contains 0.06 mm Pb ingredients, was applied to the PET/CT GEMINI TF 64 (Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, USA). Phantom experiments using the NEMA IEC Body Phantom, images were acquired according to the presence or absence of bismuth shields apply. Also, When applying, images were obtained by varying the spacing 0, 1, 2 cm each image set to the interest range in the depth of the phantom by using EBW-NM ver.1.0. When image of the PET Emission acquires, the SUV was in increased depending on the use of bismuth shields, difference in the depth to the surface from deep in the phantom increasingly SUV increased (P<0.005). Also, when using shields, as the more gab decreased, SUV is more increased (P<0.005). Through this study, PET/CT examination by using of bismuth shields which is used as purpose of reduction dose. When using shields, the difference of SUV resulting from the application of bismuth shields exist and that difference when gab is decrease and surface is wider. Therefore, setting spacing of shield should be considered, if considering the reduction of the variation of SUV and image quality, disease of deep organs should be a priority rather than superficial organ disease. Use of bismuth shielding factor considering the standard clinical examination, decrease unnecessary exposure can be expected to be considered.