• Title/Summary/Keyword: 발효미생물

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Antimicrobial Activity of Bamboo Leaves Extract on Microorganisms Related to Kimchi Fermentation (김치 발효미생물에 대한 대나무잎 추출물의 항균력)

  • Chung, Dae-Kyun;Yu, Ri-Na
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.1035-1038
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    • 1995
  • Antimicrobial activity of bamboo leaves extract on microorganisms related to kimchi fermentation was investigated. Bamboo leaves were extracted with several ogranic solvents such as methanol, acetone, ethyl ether, and ethyl acetate. The bamboo extract with ethyl acetate showed the strongest antimicrobial activity among them. Strong antimicrobial activities of the extract against microorganisms related to kimchi fermentation and food spoilage indicated that the extract had a wide range of antimicrobial spectrum. The antimicrobial activity was especially strong against Brettanomyces custersii, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pichia membranaefaciens which cause kimchi softening. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of bamboo leaves extract was higher than that of 0.5% and 1.0% sorbic acid, and moreover it was stronger in pH 5 compared to pH 7.

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Isolation and Characterization of Microorganisms for the Development of Fermentation Accelerator of Animal Manure (가축분뇨 발효제의 개발을 위한 미생물 분리 및 특성조사)

  • Kim, So-Young;Kim, Hong;Choi, Hee-Jung
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.466-472
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    • 2003
  • Several microorganisms were isolated and characterized for the development of fermentation accelerator of animal manure. Firstly, 61 species were isolated from rice bran extract. Secondly, five strains of microorganisms were screened by the analysis of hydrolysis activities for organic compounds including protease, cellulase, amylase, and lipase. From a deodorization test for ammonia gas using the isolated strains, finally three bacterial strains were selected (NA 2, 12, 15). The selected strains, NA 2 and 15 were identified as Bacillus acidocaldarius and Planococcus sp. respectively. The media composition of key nutrients and pH for the mixed culture of the three selected strains were optimized using an experimental design method (response surface method) as follows : beef extract (4.59g/L), peptone (8.72g/L) and pH 6.3. Consequently, the isolated microorganisms seem to have potential applicability in the animal manure treatment.

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Grape Pomace Fermented by Various Microorganisms (발효 미생물에 따른 포도가공 부산물의 항산화 활성 및 항균활성)

  • Kim, Kyoung-Hee;Yun, Young-Sik;Chun, Se-Young;Yook, Hong-Sun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.41 no.8
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    • pp.1049-1056
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    • 2012
  • The antioxidant activities and antibacterial activities of grape pomace fermented using a variety of useful microorganisms were analyzed. There were several experimental groups: the control, with non-fermented grape pomace; the BS group, fermented by Bacillus subtilis; the LP group, fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum; the LC group, fermented by L. casei; the CU group, fermented by Candida utilis; the Y1 group, fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CHY1011; the Y2 group, fermented by S. cerevisiae strain ZP 541; and the M group, fermented by a mixed strain culture of LP, LC, and CU. The yield of freeze-dried powder of fermented grape pomace by BS, LP, LC, CU, Y1, Y2, and M was 10.74%, 9.36%, 8.68%, 9.55%, 7.49%, 9.60%, and 9.71% w/w, respectively. The total polyphenol content of grape pomace showed the highest value in the control, but the fermented LP had higher total polyphenol content than those of other fermented grape pomace. The control and fermented LP had 0.16 mg/mL and 0.28 mg/mL as $IC_{50}$ values on DPPH radical scavenging, and 0.22 mg/mL and 0.53 mg/mL of ABTS radical scavenging activity, respectively. The FRAP value (5 mg/mL) showed the highest value on fermented LP (2.44 mM) but did not show a significant difference in the control group (12.27 mM). The fermented LC showed the antimicrobial activities against B. cereus (11 mm), B. subtilis (11 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (12 mm), Escherichia coli (12 mm), Enterobacter cloacae (10.5 mm), Salmonella enterica (11.5 mm), and Pseudomonas aerugionsa (11 mm) at 5 mg/disc, but the control and other fermented grape pomace did not show antimicrobial activities. Thus, fermented grape pomace by LC is shown to be producing a material that has antibacterial activity. In conclusion, grape pomace fermentation using various lactic acid bacteria strains showed excellent effects in promoting the production of functional materials. Especially, using L. casei exhibited an increase in antibacterial activity, and using L. plantarum exhibited antioxidant activity.

Probiotics와Prebiotics 유래기능성식품

  • Lee, Myeong-Gi
    • Bulletin of Food Technology
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.55-61
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    • 2002
  • 장내 균총 개선을 위하여 조합시킨 prebiotics와 probiotics는 최고의 건강 증진을 제공할 잠재성을 갖지만, 알맞은 균주선발이 필수적이다. 기능성 식품시장은 연간 15∼20% 성장하고 있고, 그 산업은 33백만 달러의 값어치가 있다(Hilliam, 2000). 기능성 식품은 nutraceuticals, designer foods, medicinal foods, therapeutic foods,superfoods, foodiceuticals와 medifoods로 알려져 있고 그 정의는 전통적인 영양소개념을 넘어선 건강증진 성분을 함유한 식품이라고 할 수 있다(Berner와 O'Donnell,1998). 식품은 phytochemicals, bioactive peptides, $\omega$-3 불포화 지방산, 그리고probiotics 또는 기능성을 갖게 되는 prebiotics의 부가에 의하여 변형될 수 있다(Berner와 O'Donnell, 1998)(표 1). 장관에서 살수 없는 균을 함유한 요구르트의 경우와 같은 다양한 발효 낙농식품 제조에 젖산균을 사용한 이래, 오늘날에는 발효식품에Lactobacillus acidophilus와 bifidobacteria 같은 probiotic 균을 사용하는 경향이다. Probiotic 식품은 살아 있는 미생물을 함유한 식품이고, 그 미생물은 충분한 양이살아 있는 상태로 장 속에 공급되었을 때에 미생물 균총을 개선하여 소비자 건강을 증진시키는 것이라고 할 수 있다(Fuller, 1992). 전통적으로, probiotics는 요구르트와 기타 발효식품에 사용되어 왔지만, 최근에는 드링크, 알약형, 캡슐형, 동결건조물과 같은 형태로도 공급되고 있다. 오늘날, 전세계에 sour cream, buttermilk, 요구르트, 분유와 frozen desserts 같은 식품에 bifidus acidophilus를 함유한 제품이 70개를 넘고 있으며, 일본에서만도 probiotic 미생물을 함유한 형태의 우유제품이 53종류 이상 개발되어 있다. Probiotics는 유럽에서도 매우 인기가 있지만, 주로 요구르트에 한정되어 사용되고 있다(Hilliam, 2000).

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Effect of Application of Microbial Liquid Manure on Growth and Yield of Altari Radish(Raphanus sativus L,) in Volcanic Ash Soil (미생물제 액비의 엽면시비에 따른 알타리 무의 생육 및 수량형질 변화)

  • 강봉균;송창길
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.65-73
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    • 2003
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of microbial liquid manure(MLM) on the growth and yield characteristics of Altari radish (Raphanus sativus L.). MLM 1,000mg$.$L$^{-1}$ MLM 2,000mg$.$L$^{-1}$ and MLM 1,000mg L$^{-1}$ + microbial fermentation compost(MFC) 600kg/10a were treated. MLM was sprayed on leaves at 10, 20, and 40 days after planting. Leaf length and width of radish in all microbial fertilizer treatments were more vigorous than that of control significantly. Number of leaves was great in order of 1,000 mg$.$L$^{-1}$ MLM+600kg/10a MFC 〉2,000mg$.$L$^{-1}$ MLM〉1.000mg$.$L$^{-1}$ MLM. SPAD reading value was increased with treatments of 2,000mg$.$L$^{-1}$ MLM and 1,000mg$.$L$^{-1}$ MLM+600kg/10a MFC. Root length and weight of all the microbial fertilizer treatments tended to increase compared with control, and 1,000mg$.$L$^{-1}$ MLM+600kg/10a MFC treatment was the most effective.

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Studies on Microbial Penicillin Amidase ( I ) Optimization of the Enzyme Production from Escherichia coli (미생물 페니실린 아미다제에 관한 연구 (I) E. coli로부터 효소생산 조건의 최적화)

  • Kim, Bong-Hee;Seong, Baik-Lin;Mheen, Tae-Iek;Moon H. Ban
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.29-34
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    • 1981
  • To maximize the production of penicillin amidase from Estherichia coli (ATCC 9637), the media composition and several factors affecting the engyme production during fermentation were studied. The optimal media composition was found to be; 3.5% tryptone, 1.5% monosodium glutamate and 0.5% yeast extract. The addition of 0.15% phenylacetic acid as an enzyme inducer at the initial stage of cultivation increased the engyme productivity about 5 fold. It was found that the engyme activity reached maximum within 16hr of cultivation. The maximum production of the enzyme obtained was about 102.5 units/l broth under the optimized condition. The enzyme production was markedly increased by the optimization as compared with those previously reported.

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The Study for Contents of Sinigrin in Dolsan Leaf Mustard Kimchi during Fermentation Periods (갓김치 발효 중 Sinigrin 함량 변화)

  • 임현수
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.523-527
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    • 2002
  • This study was carried out to investigate that physiologiral activity was relevence to mocroorganism and contents of sinigrin in Dolsan Leaf Mustard Kimchi (DLMK) during fermentation. DLMK was prepared from Dolsan leaf mustard, green onion, garlic, red pepper powder, ginger and salt. And it was fermented at 2$0^{\circ}C$ for 50days. The number of total microbes were increased until reaching the optimum ripening period and after, that number slowly decreased. And that tendency was agreement with antioxidative activity, And also the contents of sinigrin was increased until the optimally ripened time, then decreased. These results suggests that microorganism was significantly related to the physiological activity, and sinigrin was the one of the physiological active substances by microorganism in DLMK. In particular, 50days fermented DLMK at 2$0^{\circ}C$ was showed the highest contents of crude protein. Coincidently, 50days fermented DLMK might possibly contain high levels of crude proteins produced by various microorganism.

Effect of Fermentation Vessel on Quality of Anchovy Soy Sauce (발효 담금 용기에 따른 어간장의 숙성 중 품질변화)

  • 정순경;이광수;조성환
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.233-239
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    • 2004
  • Anchovy soy sauce containing anchovy sauce was ripened in different vessels at 30$^{\circ}C$ for 4 months and measured in physical, chemical, microbiolgical and sensory quality attributes. The used vessels include glass, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), stainless, and onggi (Korean earthenware) with 628 mL. Compared to the other vessels, onggi gave the highest moisture loss, maintained consistently higher microbial counts in total aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeasts, and attained high protease activity in the soy sauce product. Even with high moisture loss the onggi vessel did not produce the higher product salt content than the other vessels because there was salt diffusion outward through the container wall. All of these changes of the product in onggi resulted in lower pH, higher acidity and higher amounts of free amino acids and nucleotides after 4 month period, which was desirable for sensory quality.

Alginate-Titanium hydroxide에 의한 L-Lysine 생산 융합균주의 고정화 및 연속생산에의 적용

  • 서승현;임번삼;전문진
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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    • 1986.12a
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    • pp.520.3-521
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    • 1986
  • L-Lysine 생성균인 Corynebacterium glutamicum의 동종간 융합주 RS 99를 담체인 Alginate와 여기에 TiCl$_4$로부터 제조된 Titanium hydroxide를 혼합하여 각각 고정하고 이들의 Gel strength, 활성도 및 회분식 발효조건을 비교하였다. 그 결과 Alginate-Titanium hydroxide를 담체로 선정하여 고정화 C, glutamicum 융합주의 재사용성 및 안정성을 검토하였으며, Continuous-Flow Stirred-Tank Reactor를 구성하여 L-Lysine 의 연속발효를 시도하였다.

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유산균의 분류와 생리적 특성

  • 강국희
    • The Microorganisms and Industry
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.41-53
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    • 1991
  • 우리나라에 유산균식품이 본격적으로 산업화되기 시작한것은 1971년부터이다. 물론 김치도 훌륭한 유산균식품이지만 이것은 전통적으로 가정에서 직접 담궈 먹었기 때문에 별도로 생각할 수 있다. 최근에 와서는 김치도 공업화의 추세에 있으므로 앞으로 starter의 개발과 제조공정에 대한 연구가 본격적으로 추진될 것으로 기대된다. 따라서 현재로서는 유산균식품이라하면 유산균 발효유 혹은 유산균 음료, 그리고 치즈, 발효버터 등을 가리킨다. 우리나라에서 년간 생산 판매되고 있는 이러한 유산균식품의 판매액은 1조원을 훨신 초과하고 있다. 여기에 사용되고 있는 유산균의 종류는 제조회사에 따라서 다르며, 제품의 특성에 따라서 다른 종균을 사용하고 있다. 우선, 여기서는 유산균의 개념정의, 그리고 각 균종의 분류특성 등을 중심으로 하여 정리해 본다.

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