• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.886-891
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• 2009

Cancer/testis (CT) antigens are immunogenic in cancer patients, exhibit highly tissue-restricted expression, and are considered promising target molecules for cancer vaccines. We investigated the expression of 13 CT genes in 29 Korean patients with primary breast carcinoma. The most frequently expressed CT genes were MAGE-3 (66%) and MAGE-1 (57%), followed by LAGE-1 (55%), NY-SAR-35 (49%), MAGE-4 (41%), NY-ESO-1 (38%), CT-7 (24%) and SSX-4 (24%), whereas SSX-1, SSX-2, MAGE-10 and NY-TLU-57 were found to be expressed significantly less often (3-7%) and SCP-l not all. Expression of at least one antigen was observed in 28 breast cancer samples. Immunohistochemistry was performed for NY-ESO-l and MAGE-3 protein expression in breast tumor samples. NY-ESO-l and MAGE-3 proteins were expressed in 11 of 29 (38%) and 12 of 29 (41 %) breast tumors. Our results suggest that CT antigens may be potential candidates for polyvalent immunotherapy in Korean breast cancer patients.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.511-515
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• 2004

Purpose: The sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) expression is an important factor in determining the sensitivity of radioiodine therapy in well-differentiated thyroid cancers. Several previous studies for the expression of NIS in thyroid tissues show diverse results. To investigate whether there is difference between methods in determining the expression of NIS in thyroid tissues of patients with thyroid nodules, we measured the expression ot NIS using two different methods (RT-PCR and immunoshistochemical staining) and compared the results. Materials & Methods: We measured the expression of NIS by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and also by immunohistochemical staining using anti-NIS antibody in thyroid cancers and other benign thyroid diseases. We compared the results of each method. We included 19 papillary carcinomas, 1 follicular carcinoma, 7 medullary carcinoma, 4 adenomas and 7 nodular hyperplasias. Results: By RT-PCR analysis, 10 of 19 papillary carcinomas expressed NIS, but 1 follicular cancer didn't express NIS. By immunohistochemical staining, 15 of 19 papaillary carcinomas express NIS, but 1 follicular lancer didn't express NIS. There was a significant correlation between the semiquautitative results of RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining of NIS expression. (p<0.01) Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that the expression of NIS in thyroid cancers and other benign diseases investigated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining correlated well each other. However, by immunohistochemical staining, more NIS expression was found.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.221-240
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• 2005

Background: Doxorubicin has proved to be a useful chemotherapeutic agent especially for osteogenic sarcoma. It induces cancer cell death via apoptosis. Materials and Methods: To explore and analyze the changes of gene expression during doxorubicin induced apoptosis on human osteogenic sarcoma, Saos-2 cell, cDNA microarray was performed. After treatment with doxorubicin, total RNA was purified and expressed genes were investigated with a 17k human cDNA microarray. Results: For analysis of the cDNA microarray, the genes were filtered using the sum of the median value of Cy3 and Cy5 signal intensity of greater than 800. Expression of 264 genes was changed by more than 2 fold, and the expression of 35 genes was changed more than 3 fold after treatment with doxorubicin. The genes were primarily related to cell death, cell growth and maintenance, signal transduction, cellular component, transport, and metabolism. Conclusion: Treatment with doxorubicin induced expressional change of many genes. Some of the genes might be related with apoptosis directly or indirectly. Further study is now needed to characterize these genes.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 1998

The synthesis of steroid hormone starts from cholesterol. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein(StAR) transfers cholesterol acutely from the outer mitochondrial membranes to the inner in the early step of steroidogenesis. Many kinds of steroid hormones are mainly synthesized in adrenal grand, ovary and testis. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of StAR mRNA in the rat ovary and adrenal gland and to confirm the functions of StAR in these organs. In the ovary, StAR mRNAs were strongly expressed in the corpus luteum, where progesterone is synthesized, and these were weakly expressed in the theca layer of follicles, where androgen is synthesized. However, StAR mRNAs were not detected in the estrogen producing granulosa cells of growing follicles. In the corpus luteum, StAR mRNAs were strongly loclized in the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis, where glucocorticoid is mainly synthesized. StAR mRNAs were weakly expressed in the zona gromerulosa, where mineralcorticoid is synthesized. StAR mRNAs were not detected in the adrenal medulla. In our results, StAR mRNAs were expressed differentially in the steroidogenic cells of ovary and adrenal gland according to the types of steroid hormones, and the statges of corpus luteum development. We conclude that StAR is involved in the steroidogenesis at the very early step of steroid synthesis cascade.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.253-260
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• 2000

The virulence(vir) genes in Ti plasmid at Agrobacterium tumefaciens are expressed by a phenolic compound synthesized at plant wound site. The vir genes inducing abilities of 8 phenolic compounds were tested using three wild type strains of A. tumefaciens. It was also investigated how the levels of vir gene expression among the strains tested could be related to the kinds of specific phenolic compounds. Five phenolic compounds like as 4-hydroxyacetophenone, phenol, catechol, resorcinol, and vanillin had exhibited a strong effect on the vir gene expression of A. tumefaciens MW102 whereas they did not be either non-functional or weakly inducible to the vir gene expression of other strains i.e. A. tumefaciens MW105 and MW108. Furthermore, the vir gene of A. tumefaciens MW102 was lowly expressed by acetosyringone that exposed an strong effect on the vir gene induction of other two strains. Thus, it appeared that the vir gene inducing abilities were differed by the kinds of phenolic compounds and Ti plasmids. In conclusion, we suppose that a change in vir gene inducing ability could be resulted from a difference of sensor protein expressed by vir A gene.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2008

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) stimulates the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-l) on the surface of monocytic THP-1 cells. Stimulation of ICAM-l did not require HCMV gene expression since UV-inactivated HCMV (UV-HCMV) was able to induce ICAM-l expression. ICAM-l expression was also stimulated in uninfected THP-l cells which were fed with culture supernatant of HCMV-infected THP-l cells. Co-culture experiment using trans-well insert supported that HCMV-infected THP-l cells secreted some cytokine(s) stimulating ICAM-l expression. The stimulation of ICAM-l by HCMV-infected cell culture supernatant appears to involve $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway. Culture supernatant from THP-l cells infected with UV-HCMV, whose gene expression was abrogated, failed to stimulate ICAM-l expression on naive THP-l cells. Thus, HCMV gene expression seems to be required in secretion of cytokine(s) stimulating ICAM-l expression.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 1998

시멘트 대체재로 사용하는 플라이애쉬(0, 10 , 30 ,50 %)를 혼입한 콘크리트의강도발현을 관찰하기 위해 각각 21$^{\circ}C$에서 수중양생과 85$^{\circ}C$에서 증기양생방법을 채택하여 실험하였다. 수중양생한 보통 콘크리트는 플라이애쉬 혼입량이 증가할수록 조기재령에서는 낮게 강도발현을 하였으나. 28일 압축강도를 기준으로 하여 물.시멘트비를 변화한 배합비(결합재량 증가)의 실험결과는 조기강도발현이 향상되었다. 특히 플라이애쉬를 30%혼입한 콘크리트는 우수하게 강도발현을 하였다. 그리고 동일한 28일 압축강도를 갖는 배합비(결합재량 증가)에서 증기양생한 플라이애쉬콘크리트는 보통콘크리트보다 강도발현이 비슷하거나 향상되었으며, 양생온도는 플라이애쉬콘크리트의 강도발현에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 관찰되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.247-249
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 aspect model을 이용한 차원 축소 기반의 유전자 발현 데이터 분석을 제시한다. Aspect model은 은닉변수모델의 하나로서, 이를 이용하여 유전자 발현 데이터에 대한 확률적 학습 과정을 통해 특징적 발현 패턴을 추출할 수 있다. 또한 모델로부터 커널함수를 유도함으로써 발현패턴에 기반한 유전자간의 유사도를 자연스럽게 측정할 수 있다. 모델에 의해 정의되는 은닉공간 차원 수는 데이터 permutation 기반의 검증을 통해 결정한다. 효모 (yeast)의 세포 주기(cell cycle) 관련 발현데이터네 대한 실험에서, 주기별 특징 발현 패턴을 추출할 수 있었다. 또한 aspect model로부터 유도된 커널 기반의 유사도 척도를 이용함으로써, 동일 기능 또는 동일 complex 범주에 속하는 유전자 쌍 예측에서 기본적인 상관계수에 의한 방법에 비해 보다 향상된 성능을 얻을 수 있었다.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 1988

본 장의 주제인 재조합 유전자의 발현 증대를 위하여는 우리가 알고 있는 대부분의 생명현상에 대한 지식들이 응용될수 있을 것으로 일단 믿어진다. 그러나 그 지식들은 하나의 장으로 모아지기에는 너무나 방대하며 또한 그 각각의 지식들을 어떻게 서로 조화시켜 유전자 발현증대를 꾀할 것이냐 하는 것은 상당한 노력이 더 필요할 것이다. 여기에서는 이미 그 응용이 가능하였던 내용들을 기초로하여 유전자 발현조절에 대하여 알고 있는 지식들을 어떻게 재조합 유전자 실험에 응용하여 그 발현증대를 시도할 수 있겠는가에 대하여 기술해 보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04b
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• pp.757-759
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• 2004

유전자 발현은 유전자가 mRNA와 생체의 기능을 일으키게 하는 단백질을 만들어내는 과정이다. 유전자 발현에 대한 정보는 유전자의 기능을 밝히고 유전자간의 상관 관계를 알아내는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 이러한 유전자 발현 연구를 위한 정보를 대량으로 신속하게 얻을 수 있는 도구가 DNA Chip이다. DNA Chip으로 얻은 수백-수천 개의 데이터는 그 데이터만으로는 의미를 갖지 못한다. 따라서 유전자 발현 정도에 따라 수치적으로 획득된 데이터에서 의미적인 특성을 찾아내기 위해서는 클러스터링 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 수많은 유전자 데이터 중에서 주요 정보를 포함한 것으로 판단되는 유전자 데이터를 선택하여 특징간을 계산하고 신경망 학습을 이용한 클러스터링하는 알고리즘에 대해서 기술한다.