• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.81-100
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• 2006

In this paper, it conducted the following works to develop the selective test for the gifted of information science in elementary schools. First, it presented the discrete mathematical thinking as an essential competence of elementary information science gifted, through theoretical research with many expert's studies, in order to investigate the definition and characteristics of information science gifted. Second, it developed a test to measure the discrete mathematical thinking, according to the results of analysis of discrete mathematical elements, appeared in the 7th national mathematics curriculum, in order to extract the characteristics of selective test for elementary information science gifted. Third, regarding the verification of items in a newly developed test, it adjusted the difficulty and discrimination by conducting 2 sessions of preliminary test, and then finally confirmed that the standards of items in the test, by testifying sufficient level of validity after the application to a main experiment.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.39-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to provide analysis resources to develop high standard questions by analyzing item characteristics and item usability of 'Basic course of Information Technology' in the College Scholastic Ability Test, For the qualitative research, this paper analyzed content validity. For the quantitative research, this paper analyzed item difficulty, item discrimination, item reliability, and distracters. As a result of analyzing tests in 2005 and 2006, questions were equally extracted from educational contents. However, the standard of questions were in need of revision. The development of high quality contents in Vocational Education Section was needed in order to meet to the College Scholastic Ability Test standards. Therefore, it is required to develop various difficulties and acceptable distinguishable questions.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.355-367
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• 2018

The purposes of this study are 1) to identify systems thinking level and definition, 2) to develop a framework for the assessment of systems thinking level, and 3) to develop a rubric for scoring open-ended written responded test. In order to achieve these purposes, a total of 60 articles were analyzed by using the literature analysis framework. The systems thinking level and definition are identified through the results of systems thinking literature analysis. Based on the systems thinking level and definitions, the research derived a framework that includes the core ideas and evaluation content of each level. In addition, rubric for the scoring of open-ended response test items was revised and supplemented. It is concluded that a content validity test on the tools (systems thinking level and definition, framework for item development, rubric) has been developed in the study. The content validity was verified by 7-science education experts. According to the result of CVI, it was found to be more than .95 in all three tools. Based on the results of this study, the research will develop items that can measure students' level of systems thinking. The construct validity and criterion validity of the developed items should be verified systematically. The research could carry out a validation study for the systems thinking measurement related to the core competence emphasized in the 2015 revised curriculum.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.253-267
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• 2014

This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of the mathematics teacher's training program: whether the training program is effective to improve mathematics teachers' professional competency of the developing assessment instrument (including items) or not. The teachers who were attendee of the program did pre-test before the program and post-test after the program. They wrote the opinions on the pre-developed items which had many errors in the beginning and discussed their opinions each others in the middle of program. The differences between pre-test and post-test and between opinions in the beginning and in the middle were analysed. The first result of the study is that the teacher's professional competency which is evaluated as self-perceived points is improved with regard to understanding the standardized test, item difficulty and item discrimination. Secondly, the proportion of the opinion with concrete reasons is increased as the program progressed. Thirdly, the effective elements of the program are the discussion in the group, discussion between groups, and feedback from the instructor. But the ineffective element of the program is the insufficient time for practicing.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.165-176
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop a measure of the Early Childhood Teacher's Guidance Efficacy Scale based on guidance and teacher-efficacy theory. Methods: This subjects were 243 teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Results: An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the data collected of 4 factors, namely, guidance efficacy for problem behavior, children understanding, home-connected, basic life habits. In addition, there are significant positive correlations between the sub-area score and the overall in the early childhood teacher's guidance efficacy scale(r = .26 ~ .72, p < .001). Internal consistency and split-half reliability of each sub scale were reasonably accept. Conclusion/Implications: 'The guidance efficacy scale for early childhood teachers' developed in this study is an appropriate tool. Therefore, the developed scale can become a useful tool to measure the overall guidance efficacy level of early childhood teachers.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.619-640
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• 2011

The study aims the introducing the items for the assessment of mathematical thinking including mathematical reasoning, problem solving, and communication and the analyzing on the responses of the 5th grade pupils. We categorized the area of mathematical reasoning into deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, and analogy; problem solving into external problem solving and internal one; and communication into speaking, reading, writing, and listening. And we proposed the examples of our items for each area and the 5th grade pupils' responses. When we assess on pupil's mathematical reasoning, we need to develop very appropriate items needing the very ability of each kind of mathematical reasoning. When pupils solve items requesting communication, the impact of the form of each communication seem to be smaller than that of the mathematical situation or sturucture of the item. We suggested that we need to continue the studies on mathematical assessment and on the constitution and utilization of cognitive areas, and we also need to in-service teacher education on the development of mathematical assessments, based on this study.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.97-110
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• 2021

Objective : This study aimed to develop evaluation items based on Parten's social play developmental stages to measure social play in preschool children. Methods : Through a literature review, the investigation items according to Parten's social play developmental stages were collected. Two Delphi surveys were conducted using 22 expert panels. An understanding of the contents of the preliminary items was determined via parents of preschool children. The evaluation method was established through an expert advisory meeting. Results : Through data collection and the Delphi survey, a total of 89 items were drawn, including 12 unoccupied behaviors, 7 onlooker behaviors, 14 solitary play, 16 parallel play, 17 associative play, and 23 cooperative play items. The average content validity ratio of the Delphi survey was 0.85. The stability was 0.15. The consensus was 0.78. The final preliminary evaluation items comprised a total of 40 items, including 17 for associative play and 23 for cooperative play. Conclusion : An evaluation items that can measure social play in preschool children was developed, and its content validity was verified. It is expected to be used as an evaluation tool in clinical practice.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 1994

본 연구는 아동의 자기-효능감을 측정할 수 있는 검사도구를 개발하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다 연구대상자는 554명의 국민학교 5, 6학년 아동들로서, 선행연구를 중심으로 구성 한 문항들에 대한 몇 차례의 예비조사를 통하여 최종 23문항을 선정하였고 척도 구성을 위 한 검증 결과는 다음과 같다. 척도의 문항 양호도 검증을 위한 문항의 반응율과 변별도 분 석결과는 대체로 양호하게 나타났으며 척도의 타당도 검증을 위한 요인분석 결과 본 검사도 구가 세 요인으로 구성되어 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 신뢰도 분석 결과는 Cronbach's a 값 이 .62에서 .79로 나타났다.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.18 no.2 s.19
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• pp.143-154
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• 2004

학교에서 실시되는 평가의 주체는 교사이므로, 교사는 '좋은 평가 도구'를 개발 ${\cdot}$ 제작 할 수 있어야 한다. 좋은 평가 도구를 제작하기 위해서는 이에 대한 직접적인 훈련이 필수적인 동시에 교사 교육의 첫 단계부터 좋은 평가 도구로 평가를 받는 간접 경험도 중요하다. 이 논문에서는 문항반응이론을 적용하여 수학교사 양성기관에서 사용되는 지필고사 문항에 대하여 신뢰도, 타당도, 난이도 및 변별도를 측정하였다. 이 결과는 평가 문항을 개발할 때에 기초자료로 사용될 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for the Gifted Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.165-182
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 영재와 정보과학영재에 대한 여러 학자들의 정의와 특성 및 관련문헌의 분석을 통하여 정보과학영재의 특성과 정의를 재정립하여 초등정보과학영재 선발평가문항을 개발하였고, 개발된 문항의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하기 위해 1, 2차 예비검사를 통해 문항의 난이도와 변별도를 조정하였으며, 최종 검사를 통해 선발된 영재아와 일반 우수아의 검사 결과를 분석하고 정리하였다.