• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.126-130
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• 2008

Avascular necrosis(AVN) is a disease characterized by the temporary or permanent loss of the blood supply to the bones, resulting from many possible causes, including radiation therapy. The femoral head is known to be the most common site of AVN. The authors encountered two cases of AVN of the femoral head among 557 patients with cervical cancer treated with whole pelvic radiation therapy at the Samsung Medical Center. AVN of the femoral head was presented with a sclerotic density change in a plain roentgenography and a decreased signal intensity lesion on the T1 and T2 weighted phases of a magnetic resonance image(MRI). Although it is a very rare complication after whole pelvic radiation therapy, AVN of the femoral head should be considered when characteristic imaging findings appear on follow-up examinations.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.281-286
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• 2019

Avascular necrosis (AVN) is defined as the cellular death of bone and bone marrow components due to the loss of blood supply, and associated with post-traumatic or non-traumatic events. AVN usually involves the epiphysis of a long bone, such as the femoral and humeral heads, which are susceptible to osteonecrosis. Many studies have been conducted but they were restricted to investigations of femoral head avascular necrosis. The presence of osteonecrosis in the proximal femur may impair biological fixation after total hip arthroplasty. We report a 56-year-old male patient with avascular necrosis located not only at the femoral head, but also in the entire femur, including the medullary cavity, who underwent total hip arthroplasty 2 years earlier along with a review of the relevant literature.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.846-854
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose effecient methods to extract the femoral head region in MR images. The femoral head area in MRI is approximated using Hough transform and the anatomical features of the femoral heads. Then, modified region growing method is applied to extract the femoral head region. We measured the parameters for the diagnosis of the avascular necrosis of the femoral heads from the segmented femoral head region. The proposed methods are proved very effective to extract the femoral head of healthy volunteer and of the patient having heavy avascular necrosis. The measured parameters can be used very efficiently for the quantitative analysis and the diagnosis of the avascular necrosis of the femoral heads.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.206-213
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• 1994

We studied 90 patients(179 femoral heads) with avascular necrosis of femoral head, who had been performed X-ray, bone scan and MRI to compare of the findings of AVN on bone scan between each other, retrospectively. The patients were 82 males and 9 females, their mean age was 45 years. Radiographic stages were classified by Steinberg modification, radionuclide stages were classified as followed; stage o(or type 0) : normal, stage 1 : faint ring like uptake around the femoral head, stage 2: intense ring like uptake, stage 3: irregular increased uptake with central photon defect, stage 4 : Intense diffuse increased uptake at femoral head and stage 5 : hip joint deformity with relatively mild increased uptake. The findings of MRI were classified according to extent, location, early or advanced lesion, signal intensity of the lesion and joint effusion. 156(87%) of 179 femoral heads had avascular necrosis, 68(75.5%) of 90 patients had bilateral AVN, 35 femoral heads had early stage and 120 had advanced stage. The detection rate of AVN by X-ray and bone scan were 85% (134), 91.6% (143), respectively. Early AVN with atypical types of bone scan showed larger extent, moderate to large amount of joint effusion, soft tissue hypertrophy within joint, and secondary degenerative changes. Bone scan had relatively high detection rate in the diagnosis of AVN of femoral head, and demonstrated various types depending on the disease stage.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.27 no.2 s.145
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• pp.53-57
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• 1988

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.44-47
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• 2000

Freiberg's infarction involving the fifth metatarsal head is very rare condition. The authors experienced a case of avascular necrosis of the fifth metatarsal head and base of the proximal phalanx in a 27-year-old female patient. Involved bones were excised and internally fixed with 2 K-wires after autogenous cancellous bone grafting. Pain was relieved, and an excellent clinical result was obtained at the follow-up examination six months after the surgery.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1987.05a
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• pp.128.2-129
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• 1987

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a debilitating disease that leads to destruction of tho hip joint in patients who are in the third, fourth, or fifth decade of life. The total societal cost is so high because these patients are generally young, hold jobs, and have a considerable life expectancy. Therefore, we have to delay or eliminate the need for total hip replacement as possible as we can. The purpose of this review is to provide a current perspective of avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.504-510
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• 1995

Avascular necrosis(AVN) of bone can be resulted from various causes that distrub vascular supply to bone tissue, including steroid therapy after renal transplantation. In this study, we determine the prevalence of the avascular necrosis of bone after renal transplantation and compare the role of the bone scan, SPECT and MRI. In 301 patients with transplanted kidney, the prevalence of avascular necrosis was deter-mined clinically. Site of bone necrosis was evaluated by clinical symptom, bone scan, SPECT and MRI. Bone scan was done in all patients with AVN. Bone SPECT and MRI were done in six cases; and MRI was done in two cases. The prevalence of AVN was 3.3% (10/301), and the site of AVN was 16 femoral heads in 10 patients (bilateral: 60%) and bilateral calcaneal tuberosity in one patient. Bone scan showed typical AVN (cold area with surrounding hot uptake) in 13 lesions, only hot uptake in three lesions (including two calcaneal tuberosities), decreased uptake in one lesion, and normal in one lesion. Decreased uptake and normal lesion showed an equivacal cold area without surrounding hot uptake on SPECT. A symptomatic patient with positive bone SPECT showed normal finding on MRI. The prevalence of AVN of bone after renal transplantation was 3.3%, and whole body bone scan showed multiple bone involvement. Two symptomatic hip Joints without definite lesion on whole body bone scan or MRI showed cold defect on SPECT. Therefore, we conclude that bone SPECT should be perfomed in a symptomatic patient with negative bone scan or MRI in case with high risk of AVN after renal transplantation.

• 대한미세수술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.192-192
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• 1998