• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.139-144
• /
• 1997

A destructive collar rot of apple caused by a species of Phytophthora has widely occurred in Kyungbuk and less extended in Chungbuk, Chungnam and Chunbuk provinces of Korea. Significantly higher incidence of the disease was observed on cv. Fuji when M26 or M9 was used as dwarfing stocks. Incidence of the disease at several orchards in Uisung, Kunwi, Yesan and Muju ranged from 45 to 80%. Twenty-five isolates of the causal fungus were collected and all isolates were identified as P. cactorum on the basis of their cultural and morphological characters. The fungus produced markedly papillate and broadly ovoid deciduous sporangia both on agar and in water, and a short pedicel was attached to each sporangium. Oospores were readily formed on clarified V8 agar by single isolates and all the antheridia were paragynous. The fungus neither grew nor produced oospores under 5 and over 33$^{\circ}C$. The destructive collar rot of apple caused by P. cactorum has not been reported in Korea previously.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.441-449
• /
• 2010

The objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of soybeans cultivated in different regions and the accompanying soybean curd properties. To produce soybeans with regional competitiveness and demonstrate the distinctiveness of the soybean product, four regions(Paju, Andong, Muju, Hadong) and four varieties of soybean(Daewonkong, Daepungkong, Seonyukong, Cheogja 2) were selected for these experiments. There was a significant difference in the isoflavone content of soybeans and soybean curds(p<0.05). Soybeans from Andong had the highest content of genistein, daidzein and total isoflavone and soybeans from Hadong had the lowest content of these compound. Fatty acid composition of soybeans demonstrated a significant difference according to region(p<0.05). In particular, soybeans grown under adverse environmental conditions, such as high temperature and low latitude, contained the highest composition of oleic acid and the lowest composition of linoleic acid and linolenic acid. Although fatty acid content of soybean curd had a third of the fatty acid concentration of soybean, the same characteristic was observed in the fatty acid composition of soybean curd. In addition, both soybean and soybean curd had more than 80% unsaturated fatty acids and 50% of the unsaturated fatty acid content was linoleic acid. In conclusion, these results demonstrate the significant difference of soybean and soybean curd originating from different regions and showed the transition of nutritional constituents from soybean to soybean curd as a function of environmental factors. Therefore, we must consider these factors when manufacturing soy products.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.20 no.3 s.48
• /
• pp.135-145
• /
• 1981

Vegetables including Chinese cabbage and radish have been grown in alpine areas such as Muju, Namweon, Jinan and Jangsu during the shortage period of vegetables. The incidence of various diseases, environmental factors such as temperatures and rainfalls, and aphid populations as virus vector were observed at 10-day intervals from July to September in those areas. Disease incidence showed no significant difference among locations. Major diseases in Chin ese cabbage were bacterial soft rot, white spot, downy mildew, mosaic virus, Alternaria leaf spot and Fusarium seedling blight. Major diseases in radish were virus, white rust, black rot, root rot, leaf spot and Fusarium seedling blight. Disease incidence reached peak on Aug. 20 with $27\%$ infection in radish and with $20\%$ infection in Chinese cabbage during the growing season, and declined thereafter. Percentage of infection in each growth stage showed $25\%$ at root thickening stage and $26\%$ at the harvest time in radish; and the head formation stage, $24\%$ at the harvest time. The data indicate that disease incidence in radish increased rapidly at late growing stage and progressively increased in Chinese cabbage Seedling blight caused by Fusarium sp. and root rot caused by Aphanomyces sp. were also observed in those areas. Cool and wet weather appeared to be favorable for disease incidences during the rainy period of growing season although average temperature was about $25^{\circ}C$. Populations of aphids were lower in the alpine vegetable growing area than that of flat areas. Aphids as virus vectors from total aphids collected were $73.5\%$ or 289 virus vectors /993 total aphids in Namweon and $18.1\%$ or 31 virus vectors/171 total aphids in Muju. The most prerevalent species of aphids was Myzus persicae Sulz.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.184-199
• /
• 2022

Freshwater soundness can be broadly divided into the health of river ecosystems and social services for human water use, that is, water welfare. In this study the ecological soundness and water welfare index of rivers were calculated, and the freshwater comprehensive soundness was analyzed using the quadrant model for 14 basins in the Geum River basin. As for the ecological soundness of the river, the area upstream of the dam (based on Daecheong Dam) was evaluated as 'good', and the area downstream of the dam was evaluated as 'bad'. On the other hand as for water welfare, the area downstream of the dam with a large population was in a relatively 'good' condition, and the area upstream of the dam had a relatively 'poor' level of water welfare. In terms of freshwater comprehensive soundness, it was found that the basins of Mujunamdaecheon, Bocheongcheon and Daecheongdam showed good ecological soundness and water welfare, and the Geumganggongju, Nonsancheon and Geumganhagueon basins were all poor. The Gapcheon basin showed good results in 2014 due to continuous investment and systematic management. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways to utilize it for other watersheds through benchmarking.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.346-350
• /
• 2015

To identify genome sequences of Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) isolates in Korea, the field survey was performed from 'Hongro' apple orchards located in eight sites in South Korea (Bongwha, Cheongsong, Dangjin, Gimchoen, Muju, Mungyeong, Suwon, and Yeongwol). ASSVd was detected by RT-PCR and PCR fragments were cloned into cloning vector. Full-length viral genomes of eight ASSVd isolates were sequenced and compared with 21 isolates reported previously from Korea, India, China, Japan and Greece. Eight isolates in this study showed 92.2-99.7% nucleotide sequence identities with those reported previously. Phylogenetic analysis showed that seven isolates reported in this study belong to the same group distinct from other groups.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 2013

This paper analyzed the flood propagation characteristics of each flood elevation due to failure of embankment in Muju Namdae Stream using recursive call algorithm. A flood propagation order by the flood elevation was estimated by setting destruction point at Beonggu and Chasan small dam through recursive call algorithm and then, the number of grids of each flood propagation order and accumulated inundation area were calculated. Based on the flood propagation order and the grid size of DEM, flood propagation time could be predicted each flood elevation. As a result, the study could identify the process of flood propagation through distribution characteristic of the flood propagation order obtained from recursive call algorithm, and could provide basic data for protection from flood disaster by selecting the flood vulnerable area through the gradient pattern of the graph for accumulated inundation area each flood propagation order. In addition, the prediction of the flood propagation time for each flood water level using this algorithm helped provide valuable information to calculate the evacuation path and time during the flood season by predicting the flood propagation time of each flood water level.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2018.04a
• /
• pp.100-100
• /
• 2018

물 고추냉이는 십자화과의 숙근성 다년생 초본식물로서 일본과 대만 등에서 재배되며 세계 여러 나라에서 식품, 가공원료, 향신료, 의약소재 등으로 이용되고 있다. 우리나라에서는 철원과 무주 등에서 재배되고 있으나 재배환경 및 기술의 한계로 규모와 생산량은 매우 저조한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 물 고추냉이 순환 베드시스템 개발을 위한 기초연구로 수행되었다. 마사토의 높이와 고랑의 유무에 따라 3개 베드 (A-마사토 높이 4.0cm, 고랑 있음, B-마사토 높이 5.5cm, 고랑 있음, C-마사토 높이 7.0cm, 고랑 없음)로 시험하였다. 물 고추냉이의 생장량과 식물체 내의 양분 분석(질소, 인산, 칼륨)을 분석하였다. 그 결과 베드 높이가 가장 낮고(4cm) 고랑이 있는 베드에서 생장량이 가장 우수하였고 마사토 높이가 가장 높은(7cm) 처리구보다 생장량이 2배 이상 증가하였다. 전체적으로 엽장보다 엽폭이 길었고 심장형 잎의 특성을 그대로 나타내었다. 식물체 내의 양분 분석 결과 처리구 별로 질소, 인산, 칼륨의 함량 차이가 크게 나타났다. A 베드에서 질소 4,150, 인산 500, 칼륨 1,500ppm 에 비하여 C 베드는 질소 730, 인산 120, 칼륨 700ppm 정도로 낮았다. 대조구의 동일 지역, 동일 기간의 계류지 하우스재배(데이터 미발표)에 비해 순환식 베드 재배가 우수하였고, 특히 A 베드에서 가장 우수하여 절수, 2단 재배 등의 예상되는 효과를 감안할 때 물 고추냉이 순환식 베드 재배의 가능성이 충분하다고 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.487-487
• /
• 2015

우리나라의 강우 특성 상, 여름철에 집중되는 강우로 인해 홍수가 빈번히 발생하고 겨울과 봄에는 수자원이 부족한 현상이 발생한다. 또한 최근 기후변화에 따라 홍수와 가뭄의 강도와 빈도가 증가하고 있으며, 그로 인한 피해는 점차 증가하고 있다. 이러한 기후변화에 대응하여 효율적인 수자원 관리를 위해서는 저수지와 댐에서의 정량적인 물관리가 필요한 실정이다. 신뢰도 높은 저수지 수문자료 생성을 위하여 상류지역에서 저수지로의 유입량을 정확히 계측하는 것은 저수지 관리에서 무엇보다도 중요하다. 하지만 저수지 상류의 경우에는 대부분 산지 계곡 지형으로 이루어져 일반적인 유량측정에 사용되는 프로펠러 유속계를 이용한 도섭법 유량측정의 경우 많은 제약이 있다. 또한 이에 따른 유량 측정의 신뢰도가 매우 낮아지는 어려움이 존재한다. K-water 연구원은 이러한 문제점을 해결하고 신뢰도 높은 유량측정을 위해서 2012년 10월, 전북 무주군에 위치한 덕곡제 상류 1km 지점의 사방댐에 예언위어를 설치하여 유량측정을 실시하였다. 사방댐은 보통 계곡과 같은 하상구배가 큰 산지 지형에서 갑작스런 강우에 의해 발생하는 급류로 산사태가 일어나는 것과 토사 유출을 방지하기 위해 건설되며, 이러한 사방댐에 예언위어의 설치를 통해 사방댐의 기존용도 외에 유량측정도 할 수 있도록 하였다. 사방댐의 형태를 유지하면서 유량 측정을 위해 폭 12m, 높이 20cm의 예언위어를 설치하였고, 부식을 방지하기 위해 스테인리스 재질을 선택하였다. 사방댐에 설치된 위어로부터 측정된 수위를 유량 환산식에 대입을 함으로써 간단하게 유량산출을 가능하게 하였다. 사방댐에 설치된 위어에 기포식 수위계를 설치하여 30분 단위로 수위를 측정하여 유출량을 측정하였다. 또한 근처의 플럭스 타워에 설치된 강우량계에서 측정된 강우량을 통하여 유입량을 산정하였고, 이를 통하여 유출률을 분석하였다. 이와 같이 사방댐을 활용한다면 인력에 의한 유량측정보다 저비용으로 신뢰도 높은 유량 자료를 얻을 수 있으며, 이를 통해 저수지에서 합리적이고 효율적인 수자원 관리를 할 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.129-133
• /
• 2013

Hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the most important ingredients in Asian food. The capsaicinoids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin are responsible for more than 90% of the pepper's pungency. The objective of this study was to determine the amounts of these two major capsaicinoids in hot peppers cultivated from different regions in Korea. Peppers (Geumgochu) cultivated in 24 different regions of Korea were collected in 2011. The capsaicinoids of these plants were extracted with methanol and determined quantitatively by HPLC with a fluorescence detector. The capsaicinoid value ranged from 22.4 mg/100 g to 119.1 mg/100 g depending upon different regions. The average capsaicinoid content of the peppers from Gangwon and Gyeonggi was 66.73 mg/100 g, and the content from Jeonbuk and Jeonnam was 50.34 mg/100 g. However, average capsaicinoid content from these four different cultivation regions were not significantly different. Finally, analytical method validation parameters such as recovery, reproducibility, repeatability, were calculated to ensure the method's validity.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.115-131
• /
• 1992

Late Cretaceous (90.5 Ma), epithermal gold-silver vein mineralization of the Weolseong and Samchang mines in the Sulcheon area, 60 km southeast of Taejeon, can be separated into two distinct stages (I and II) during which fault-related fissures in Precambrian gneiss and Cretaceous (102 Ma) porphyritic granite were filled. Fluid inclusion and mineralogical data suggest that quartz-sulfide-electrum-argentite-forming stage I evolved from initial high temperatures $({\approx}340^{\circ}C})$ to later lower temperatures $({\approx}140^{\circ}C})$ at shallow depths of about 400 to 700 m. Ore fluid salinities were in the range between 0.2 and 6.6 wt. % eq. NaCl. A simple statistic model for fluid-fluid mixing indicates that the mixing ratio (the volumetric ratio between deep hydrothermal fluids and meteoric water) systematically decreased with time. Gold-silver deposition occurred at temperatures of $230{\pm}40^{\circ}C$ mainly as a result of progressive cooling of ore-forming fluids through mixing with less-evolved meteoric waters. Measured and calculated hydrogen and oxygen isotope values of hydrothermal fluids indicate meteoric water dominance, approaching unexchanged meteoric water values. The geologic, mineralogic, and geochemical data from the Weolseong and Samchang mines are similar to those from other Korean epithermal gold-silver vein deposits.