• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 2010

This study was planned to monitor the change in the content of sulfur dioxide during the drying process of fresh vegetables. The analysis of sulfur dioxide was conducted by the Optimized Monier-Williams Method based on the Korea Food Code. The samples were kinds of vegetables which consisted of naturally-originated sulfur compounds (green onion, onion, cabbage, garlic, radish leaves, radish). Fresh vegetables (n = 182) and dried vegetables (n = 41) purchased from different local areas were investigated for the content of sulfur dioxide. The fresh vegetables were dried at 50~$60^{\circ}C$ using hot-air dryer. The moisture contents of dried samples were adjusted to keep 10 percents. The contents of sulfur dioxide in self-dried vegetables were 104.6 mg/kg in green onion, 75.4 mg/kg in onion, 129.1 mg/kg in cabbage, 197.6 mg/kg in garlic, 23.0 mg/kg in radish leaves and 52.5 mg/kg in radish, respectively. The increase of sulfur dioxide content according to the moisture content reduction was different from the expected. It means that the contents of sulfur dioxide can be altered by other factors except moisture contents. This results can be utilized as materials for the safe management of sulfites of dried vegetables.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2013

There exist various types of the WEC (Wave Energy Converter), and among them, the point absorber is the most popularly investigated type. However, it is difficult to find examples of systematically measured data analysis for the design of the point absorber type of power buoy in the world. The study investigates the wave load acting on the point absorber type resonance power buoy wave energy extraction system proposed by Kweon et al. (2010). This study analyzes the time series spectra with respect to the three-year wave data (2002.05.01~2005.03.29) measured using the pressure type wave gage at the seaside of north breakwater of Hupo harbor located in the east coast of the Korean peninsula. From the analysis results, it could be deduced that monthly wave period and wave height variations were apparent and that monthly wave powers were unevenly distributed annually. The average wave steepness of the usual wave was 0.01, lower than that of the wind wave range of 0.02-0.04. The mode of the average wave period has the value of 5.31 sec, while mode of the wave height of the applicable period has the value of 0.29 m. The occurrence probability of the peak period is a bi-modal type, with a mode value between 4.47 sec and 6.78 sec. The design wave period can be selected from the above four values of 0.01, 5.31, 4.47, 6.78. About 95% of measured wave heights are below 1 m. Through this study, it was found that a resonance power buoy system is necessary in coastal areas with low wave energy and that the optimal design for overcoming the uneven monthly distribution of wave power is a major task in the development of a WEF (Wave Energy Farm). Finding it impossible to express the average spectrum of the usual wave in terms of the standard spectrum equation, this study proposes a new spectrum equation with three parameters, with which basic data for the prediction of the power production using wave power buoy and the fatigue analysis of the system can be given.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.131-146
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• 2014

High-resolution seismic profiles coupled with sediment sampling were analyzed to investigate the acoustic characters and distribution patterns of the late Holocene sediments in Gamak Bay of the South Sea, Korea. The mean grain size of surficial sediment lies around $6.3{\sim}9.7{\Phi}$. Sediments in the bay consist of silt and clay with progressive decrease toward the inner bay. The seismic sedimentary sequence overlying the acoustic basement can be divided into two sedimentary units (GB I and II) by a prominent mid-reflector (Maximum Flooding Surface; MFS). The acoustic basement occurs at the depth between 20 m and 40 m below the sea-level and deepens gradually southward. The GB I, mostly occupying the channel-fill, is characterized by reflection-free seismic facies. It can be formed as late Transgressive System Tract (TST), interpreted tidal environment deposits. MFS appears at the depth of about 15~28 m below the sea-level and is well defined by even and continuous reflectors on the seismic profile. The GB II overlying MFS is composed of acoustically transparent to semitransparent and parallel internal reflectors. GB II is interpreted as the Highstand System Tract (HST) probably deposited during the last 6,000 yrs when the sea level was close to the present level. Especially, it is though that the GB II was subdivided into two layers (GB II-a and II-b) by a HST-reflector and this was classified by wind, sea water flux, and tidal current.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1293-1300
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• 2001

We surveyed dietitians'perception on usage of cook/chill vegetables, The questionnaires were distributed to 245 dietitians working in elementary schools and other institutions in Busan area. According to the survey, 75.9% of the dietitians perceived that minimally processed ready -to-use vegetal)toes would be helpful for the institutional foodservice They answered that problems of vegetable usage in the foodservice mainly come from long preparation time (45.4%), a large quantity of leftover (13.1%), and a high ratio of disuse (16.0%). Degree of preparedness from raw vegetables was highest for garlic, and was in tile order of platicodcm, onions, carrots, Potatoes, Korean cabbage and radish.40.9% of the dietitians answered that it was necessary Ic develop cook/chill vegetables in their institute restaurants. The high career group ( >6 yrs.) was, however, significantly (p<0.05) negative against the use of cooHchill vegetables. The dietitians were expecting that developing cook/chill vegetables would save cooking time and processes (4.43/5.00), and reduce waste (4.53/5.00) greatly. They also estimated that focal hygiene and quality would be improved, and labor cast be reduced moderately. On the other hand, they thought that the cost of flood would not be reduced.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.19-34
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• 2015

Current study aimed to evaluate elementary school children's perception and eating attitude towards vegetables and analyze environmental factors influencing it. Survey was conducted among elementary school students and their parents in Gangwon district, 410 subjects each(Total 742, 391 students, 351 parents). The results are as follows. Both the children(64.3%) and the parents(84.9%) showed high concern over health. 46.6% of children and 52.4% of parents admitted unbalanced eating behavior, and commonly avoided foods were mostly vegetables such as mushroom, carrot, garlic, sweet pepper-green, welsh onion, kimchi, pumpkin, or beans. Unbalanced eating habit was significantly related to health consideration in choosing what to eat(p<0.01) and interest in health(p<0.05). 70.9% of children with unbalanced eating habit showed intention for correction, and those with high interest in health had stronger intention (p<0.01). Regarding children's perception of 20 kinds of vegetables frequently used in school lunch, swiss chard leaf beet, amaranthus magistratus, and curled mallow were rarely heard of or hardly eaten before. Korean chinese cabbage, radish(62.7%), cucumber(62.1%), perilla leaves(60.4%), lettuce(58.1%), and spinach(54.5%) were among the most frequently eaten. Survey result on children's preference for the vegetables shows lettuce, cucumber, Korean chinese cabbage, perilla leaves, spinach, and radish were highly preferred and stem of garlic, crown daisy, sweet pepper-green, pepper, and curled mallow were the least preferred. There was a significant positive correlation(p<0.01, p<0.001) between children's and their parent's preference for each vegetables, implying that children's preference towards vegetables is greatly influenced by their parent's choice. Children showed negative attitude towards vegetables with strong flavor and tended to avoid vegetables that they remember as not tasty. This suggest that strong flavor and negative prior experience is what determines children's attitude in vegetable consumption. Many children said they try to eat vegetables even if they haven't had it before, and this tendency was significantly correlated with the degree of interest in health(p<0.05) and the degree of consideration of health in choosing what to eat(p<0.001).

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.1A
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• pp.19-30
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• 2012

Recently, vision-based dynamic deflection measurement techniques have significant interests and are getting more popular owing to development of the high-quality and low-price camcorder and also image processing algorithm. However, there are still several research issues to be improved including the self-vibration of vision device, i.e. camcorder, and the image processing algorithm in device aspect, and also the application area should be extended to measure three dimensional movement of floating structures in application aspect. In this study, vision-based dynamic motion measurement technique using multiple targets is proposed to measure three dimensional dynamic motion of floating structures. And also a new scheme to select threshold value to discriminate the background from the raw image containing targets. The proposed method is applied to measure the dynamic motion of large concrete floating quay in open sea area under several wave conditions, and the results are compared with the measurement results from conventional RTK-GPS(Real Time Kinematics-Global Positioning System) and MRU(Motion Reference Unit).

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2014

Offshore wind turbine foundations are subjected to wind, current and wave loadings. Hence, both static and cyclic behaviors of foundation's soil are important for the design of offshore wind turbine foundation. Undrained cyclic behaviors of soils depend upon the number of loading cycles, vertical effective stress, cyclic shear strain, relative density, and the combination of cyclic and average shear stresses. In order to evaluate the effect of average and cyclic shear stresses on the undrained cyclic behavior of marine silty sand, cyclic direct simple shear (CDSS) tests are performed with relative density of 85%, vertical effective stress of 200 and 300 kPa, and failure criteria of either 15% double amplitude cyclic shear strain (${\gamma}_{cyc}$) or permanent shear strain (${\gamma}_{p}$). The results are presented in the form of design graphs or contour diagrams. The undrained cyclic behavior of marine silty sand is found to be dependent on cyclic and average shear stresses and/or the combination of both shear stresses. It is found that when significant average shear stress exists the permanent or progressive shear strain is the govering failure criteria instead of cyclic shear strain.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.26-32
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• 2008

Video compression schemes have been developed and used for many years. Currently, H.264/AVC is the most efficient video coding standard. The H.264/AVC baseline profile adopts CAVLC(Context-Adaptive Variable Length Coding) method as an entropy coding method. CAVLC gives better performance in compression ratios than conventional VLC(Variable Length Coding). However, because CAVLC decoder uses a lot of VLC tables, the CAVLC decoder requires a lot of area in terms of hardware. Conversely, since it must look up the VLC tables, it gives a worse performance in terms of software. In this paper, we propose a new hierarchical grouping method for the VLC tables. We can obtain an index of codes in the reconstructed VLC tables by simple arithmetic operations. In this method, the VLC tables are accessed just once in decoding a symbol. We modeled the proposed algorithm in C language, compiled under ARM ADS1.2 and simulated it with Armulator. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm reduces execution time by about 80% and 15% compared with the H.264/AVC reference program JM(Joint Model) 10.2 and the arithmetic operation algorithm which is recently proposed, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: This survey was done to investigate the pesticide residues and to assess their risk on agricultural products on the Markets in Incheon from 2010 to 2012. METHODS AND RESULTS: The total number of samples were 16,025 for agricultural products and these were analyzed by multi-residue method using GC-ECD/NPD, GC-MS, LC-MS/MS and HPLC-PDA/FLD. The violation rates of the samples over maximum residue limits(MRLs) of pesticide residues established by Korean Food and Drug Administration in the survey of 2010, 2011 and 2012 were 1.2%, 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Of the total violated samples, more than 75% of the rates were recorded from the samples of leafy vegetables. Most commonly encountered agricultural commodities over MRLs were Chwinamul, perilla leaves and crown daisy. The pesticides detected yearly over MRLs during three years were endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, lufenuron, chlorothalonil, flutolanil, procymidone, ethoprophos. Estimated daily intakes compared to acceptable daily intakes, except radish and Welsh onion, is estimated less harm on human in 10 kinds of pesticides which frequently occurred violation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1865-1869
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• 2006

도시화는 수문학적으로 산림이나 농경지와 같은 투수지역을 건물, 도로 등의 불투수지역으로 변화시키는 것이며, 이로 인하여 홍수파의 도달시간이 줄어들고 첨두유량이 증가하는 등의 수문변화를 수반하게 된다. 도로나 건물 등이 대부분을 차지하고 있는 도시지역에서는 지표면이나 식생으로부터 대기중으로 방출되는 증발산량이 농촌이나 산림지역보다 상대적으로 적으며, 강우시 토양중의 침투량과 지표면의 저류량도 도시지역에서는 매우 적게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 도시화로 인하여 대규모의 토지이용 변화가 예상되는 신도시 개발예정지구인 판교 운중천 유역을 시험유역으로 선정하여 장기적인 수문/수질 모니터링을 수행하고 있으며, 향후 판교 시험유역에서 계측된 자료와 유역수문모형을 활용하여 개발 전후의 홍수 및 장기유출 특성을 분석하여 도시화가 하천의 수문 및 수질에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 비교 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 2004년과 2005년에 시험유역내의 운중천과 금토천에 매송2교, 삼평교, 판교교, 운중저수지, 저수지 용수로, 내동교 등 총 6개의 수위관측소와, 매송2교와 내동교의 2개 우량관측소를 설치하여 실시간 계측을 수행하고 있으며, 인근의 기존에 운영되고 있던 탄천 본류의 성남과 궁내 수위관측소와 운중천의 낙생 우량관측소 자료를 활용하여 유역 수문자료를 수집하고 있다. 수집된 자료를 이용하여 장단기 유출분석을 수행한 결과, 택지개발공사가 시작되기 전인 현재로서는 택지개발 대상지구인 운중천 유역이나 비대상지구인 금토천 유역, 그리고 하류의 운중천 본류 유역 모두 강우시나 무강우시 비슷한 유출 특성을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 도시화가 점차적으로 진행됨에 따라서 이러한 유출 특성의 변화 양상을 파악해 나간다면, 도시화에 따른 유출 특성의 변화는 물론 수질 변화에 대해서도 정성적, 정량적인 규명이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.TEX>의 범위이고, 2차 처리수의 유입수의 T-N, T-P 농도와 유사하였다.적인 방법론을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.첨두홍수량을 저류하기 위해서 상대적으로 넓은 저류면적이 필요한 것으로 나타난다. 대등한 수위감소값의 홍수저감효과를 발휘하기 위해서 본 연구에서는 On-Line 저류지 면적은 Off-Line 저류지에 비 두배 이상이 필요한 것으로 보여졌다.들에 관한 정보는 종종 현장관측에서 조차 무시되는 경우가 많다. 이에 본 연구에서는 수질모형의 매개변수 중 특히 수리특성에 관련된 매개변수들이 수질에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 적용된 수질모형은 QualKo를 사용하였으며, 대상 하천은 낙동강 본류 경남구간 시점 부근인 회천 합류 전부터 낙동강 본류 경남구간 종점 부근인 밀양강 합류 전까지의 경남 오염총량관리 기본계획 시 구축된 모형 매개변수를 바탕으로 분석을 수행하였다. 일차오차분석을 이용하여 수리매개변수와 수질매개변수의 수질항목별 상대적 기여도를 파악해 본 결과, 수리매개변수는 DO, BOD, 유기질소, 유기인 모든 항목에 일정 정도의 상대적 기여도를 가지고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이로부터 수질 모형의 적용 시 수리 매개변수 또한 수질 매개변수의 추정 시와 같이 보다 세심한 주의를 기울여 추정할 필요가 있을 것으로 판단된다.변화와 기흉 발생과의 인과관계를 확인하고 좀 더 구체화하기 위한 연구가 필요할 것이다.게 이루어질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.는 초과수익률이 상승하지만, 이후로는 감소하므로, 반전거래전략을 활용하는 경우 주식투자기간은 24개월이하의 중단기가 적합함을 발견하였다. 이상의 행태적 측면과 투자성과측면의 실증결과를 통하여 한국주식시장에 있어서 시장수익률을 평균적으로 초과할 수 있는 거래전략은 존재하므로 이러한 전략을 개발 및 활용할 수 있으며, 특히, 한국주식시장에