• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.427-436
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• 2020

It is uncertain how global climate change will influence future drought characteristics over the Korean peninsula. This study aims to project the future droughts using climate change and land use change scenarios over the Korean peninsula with the land surface modeling system, i.e., Weather Research and Forecasting Model Hydrological modeling system (WRF-Hydro). The Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6 and 8.5 are used as future climate scenarios and the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs), specifically SSP2, is adopted for the land use scenario. The using Threshold Level Method (TLM), we identify future hydrological and ecological drought events with runoff and Net Primary Productivity (NPP), respectively, and assess drought characteristics of durations and intensities in different scenarios. Results show that the duration of drought is longer over RCP2.6-SSP2 for near future (2031-2050) and RCP8.5-SSP2 (2080-2099) for the far future for hydrological drought. On the other hand, RCP2.6-SSP2 for the far future and RCP8.5-SSP2 for the near future show longer duration for ecological drought. In addition, the drought intensities in both hydrological and ecological drought show different characteristics with the drought duration. The intensity of the hydrological droughts was greatly affected by threshold level methods and RCP2.6-SSP2 for far future shows the severest intensity. However, for ecological drought, the difference of the intensity among the threshold level is not significant and RCP2.6-SSP2 for near future and RCP2.6-SSP2 for near future show the severest intensity. This study suggests a possible future drought characteristics is in the Korea peninsula using combined climate and land use changes, which will help the community to understand and manage the future drought risks.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.97-117
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to suggest a mid- to long-term expansion plan to resolve the blind spot and alleviate the imbalance of public library services in Daegu City. The research methods for this purpose included literature review, related laws and statistical data analysis, case study, and opinion survey. As a result, the first service area was set as a total of 14 areas based on administrative districts(Jung-gu, Seo-gu, Nam-gu, and Dalseong-gun each have one, Dong-gu and Buk-gu each have two, and Suseong-gu and Dalseo-gu have three each). Second, the expansion scenario for public libraries in Daegu City was proposed to add 26 libraries by the final target year (2032) based on the trend of national library growth over the past 13 years (2008-2020) and the forecast for the next 10 years (2023-2032). Third, the construction scenarios for each basic local government, excluding the Daegu representative library, are as follows: One library each in Jung-gu, Seo-gu, and Nam-gu; two libraries in Suseong-gu; three libraries in Dalseong-gun; four libraries in Dong-gu; and seven libraries each in Buk-gu and Dalseo-gu. In terms of floor area, it is proposed to add a total of 17 branch libraries with a minimum legal standard of 330-2,499㎡, four central libraries with 2,500-4,999㎡ each, and four central libraries with 5,000-9,999㎡ each. On the premise of these conditions, Daegu City and public libraries should focus on creating an inclusive and open community space, creating a digital platform, strengthening the library operation and cooperation system centered on Daegu representative library, developing collections and specializing services for local hub libraries, enhancing various knowledge information and program services, managing key library indicators and improving social contribution.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2023

'Carbon-neutrality Assessment based on Technology Application Scenario (CATAS)' provides an analysis of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction effectiveness when applying carbon-neutrality technology to areas such as energy conversion, transportation, and buildings at certain spatial levels. As for the development scope of the model, GHG emission sources were analyzed for direct GHG emissions, and the boundary between direct and indirect emissions are set according to the spatial scope. The technical scope included nine technologies and forest sinks in the transition sector that occupies the largest portion of GHG emissions in the 2050 carbon neutral scenario. The carbon neutrality rate evaluation methodology consists of four steps: ① analysis of GHG emissions, ② prediction of energy production according to technology introduction, ③ calculation of GHG reduction, and ④ calculation of carbon neutrality rate. After the web-based CATAS-BASIC was developed, an analysis was conducted by applying the new and renewable energy distribution goals presented in the ｢2050 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Promotion Plan｣ of the Seoul Metropolitan Government. As a result of applying solar power, hydrogen fuel cell, and hydrothermal, the introduction of technology reduced 0.43 million tCO₂eq of 1.49 million tCO₂eq, which is the amount of emissions from the conversion sector in Seoul, and the carbon neutrality rate in the conversion sector was analyzed to be 28.94 %.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.114-124
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• 2009

73 percent of online games in Korea hold perspectives of medieval times in them. So far in history, about a millennium in medieval times is said to be a period of darkness and savagery, but it is newly revived in the digital virtual world. Such phenomenon is paradoxical and meaningful to often bring out 'medieval times' as a theme for online games, which are revealed by up-to-date technologies in present days. This research examines the background of views of medieval times appeared in online games and how they are realized. Medieval fantasy games have appeared because people dream about escaping from pre-modem times and have fantasy about medieval times. Moreover, perspectives of medieval times have enormously influenced background epics, quest stories, creation of characters in a game scenario. The dual structure having coexistence of nature and super naturalness acts an important role to set up the epic for medieval fantasy games. And medieval romance literature, which has a three-step quest narrative of 'targeting - adventure and fight - achievement' is reflected in a quest story of medieval fantasy games. The strict pyramid system represented by feudalism forms a meaningful metaphor for designing characters, and players organize communities for online games through horizontal collective consciousness in such vertical system of history at the same time.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.851-891
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• 2012

The objective of this study can be presented as follows: First, given the consumption-based carbon accounting method which has now been claimed, this study reviews the emissions within Korea and the resulting position change in international society. Second, when each nation makes efforts to reduce carbon emissions under the Copenhagen Accord, this study, using the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model, reviews the resulting carbon leakage and analyzes the effect from the various border adjustment measures. However, reflecting uncertainties in the negotiation processes, this study attempts to apply scenarios with regards to the reduction-mandatory nation group. In addition, this study tries to observe the impact on Korea through testing the various border adjustment measures, including the free allocation and embodied carbon tariffs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.6922-6931
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• 2014

The development of modern science and technology and computer engineering breakthroughs in the field of information and communication have brought about many changes in lifestyle. The government announced the goal of educational policy in 2030 to educate people in future society on a future-oriented perspective. Changes in the curriculum along with changes in educational facilities are essential. Therefore, the operation of a classroom should be associated with classroom spatial information. The BIM design based on 3D geometry information was designed. The BIM design can link the design information and non-geometric information of spatial information. This study examined the operation of school facilities based on classroom spatial information with BIM. This study suggests standardization of classroom spatial information based on BIM. The scenarios of BIM ordering and design for departmentalized classrooms management is proposed.

• Journal of Game and Entertainment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.78-86
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• 2006

In this paper, we design a ubiquitous home automation system for Korean domestic 33-Pyung Apartment based on USN environment. The core of this home automation system is to give Home the 'Intelligence' so that the house can analyze and memorize the occurrences and react spontaneously on the user requirements by means of the World Model, USN, and LBS etc. Ultimately, the resident of this intelligent home might access all of these ubiquitous environments without any feelings about the equipments and peripherals. The methods of user identification, image recognition, and the ultrasonic sensors locations have been applied to Korean domestic 35-Pyung Apartment, but they will be easily generalized to be an extended model because of the flexibility of the World Model. which are confirmed by the imaginary scenario presented at the end of the main left.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.1344-1348
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• 2008

HMS(Hydrological Modelling system)는 유역의 지형자료와 강우와 같은 기상관련 시계열 자료 등 수문 유출과 관련되는 많은 매개변수를 포함하고 있으며, 모형의 구동을 위해서는 다양한 공간 비공간 자료 및 시계열 자료가 요구된다. 특히 다양한 비공간 정보의 경우 이를 모형에 적용하기 위해서는 비공간 정보에 대한 열람, 선택, 편집, 적용 시나리오의 설정, 입력변수의 적절성 평가, 모형 구동결과의 검 보정 등 복잡한 절차가 필요하다. 최근 들어 공간자료의 효율적 처리를 위해서 지리정보시스템과 수리 수문모델들 간의 연계를 통한 자료 생성과 입력 및 분석과정을 일괄적으로 처리하고자 하는 연구들이 발표되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국형 수자원지리정보시스템인 HyGIS와 HMS 모형의 연계 시스템인 HyGIS-HMS의 개t선과 적용성 평가를 목표로 하고 있다. 이를 위하여 HyGIS-HMS 데이터 모델을 기반으로 하는 시스템의 운영 프로세스를 재정립하였다. HyGIS에서 구축된 공간 DB를 이용하여 HMS 모형의 입력 지형인자를 계산하고 있으며, 수문시계열 자료는 HyGIS의 시계열 DB를 이용하고 있다. HMS에서는 공간 자료와 시계열 자료 외에도 다양한 비공간 자료를 이용하고 있다. 이러한 비공간 정보를 DB기반 시스템에 맞추어 효과적으로 관리 및 사용하기 위하여 HyGIS-HMS에서는 Static DB를 이용하고 있으며, Static DB에서 모형의 입력자료로 직접 이용되는 자료와 모형의 수행결과는 Dynamic DB를 이용하고 있다. 또한 개발된 시스템을 경안천 유역에 적용하여 2006년과 2007년의 유출특성을 분석하였다. 이러한 개발환경의 적용을 통해 HyGIS 데이터모델과 HyGIS-Model의 운영환경이 HyGIS-HMS개발에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1481-1487
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• 2017

In this article we describe our preliminary work to create VR interactive storytelling particularly for building empathic relationships between the reader (or the player) and story characters. As a practical guideline for developing empathy-based VR interactive story, we propose four key factors: first, narrativity considering narrative theories and concepts including the notion of focalization by Gerald Genette; second, interactivity for balancing between narrative and player control in interactive storytelling domain; third, consideration of virtual reality in human computer interaction domain; fourth, empathy in narrative from the viewpoint of psychology and cognitive science. We also introduce an example interactive storytelling scenario based on Little Red Riding Hood story. Finally we conclude with our VR implementation using Unreal game engine and HTC Vive.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2011

To support seamless IPTV services in IP-based wireless network, delay or interruption time must be minimized because noticeable interruption will make IPTV service users unhappy. A number of protocols have been proposed for solving mobility problem. However effective seamless handover mechanism to support mobile IPTV services yet to be solved. Mobile WiMAX offers a wireless solution in the access networks that can support IPTV services. Goal of this paper is to identify some reasons of delay time during handover process in an IPv6 capable Mobile WiMAX and to perform handover delay of some optimization scenarios given by existing standardization and proposed improvement.