• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.442-449
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• 2024

The pilotage rate of car carriers at Mokpo New Port is increasing and ships are becoming larger. In this study, wind pressure and hydraulic force are calculated to determine the horsepower required of a tugboat to safely operate a 7,500 unit car carrier entering Mokpo New Port. At the Mokpo New Port automobile pier, the maximum flood and ebb currents are 1.6 and 0.7 kts, respectively, at a point 1.0 km away from the pier. In such conditions, the required tugboat standards are satisfied only in the case of "ebb current and westerly wind" under certain situations. Under a current of 0.5 kts, for the case of "ebb current and easterly wind," the required tugboat standards are satisfied only in certain situations, whereas for the case of " flood current and westerly wind," berthing or unberthing is impossible at wind speeds of 18 kts or higher. Additionally, in cases without any current, if the wind speed exceeds 21 kts, then the current standards for the required tugboat are not satisfied. Therefore, for large car carriers of approximately 70,000 G/T entering Mokpo New Port, they are planed to the vessel's docking point when the current speed is less than 0.5 kts. However, when the current and wind speed exceed 0.5 and 20 kts, respectively, the horsepower of the tugboat must be increased accordingly.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.161-181
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• 2005

This paper investigates the circumstances and conditions of Mokpo Port to develop it as an international logistics stronghold and seeks scheme to maximize the local economic ripple effect through construction and activation of Mokpo New Port. Under the circumstances in which neighboring ports vying with each other have built broad spheres of influence, and competition among ports becomes fierce, a priority cargo attraction strategy should be established by using Mokpo's favorable location compared to other ports in order to ensure that a large quantity of goods is transported from Mokpo New Port. Especially, Mokpo New Port needs to be developed as a vehicles-only exporting port, as well as a port for used car exports and an import port for stones and timber.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2024

In 2020, 24,000 TEU ultra-large container ships began arriving at the Busan New Port. In this study, the wind pressure and hydraulic force acting on the hull were calculated to obtain the horsepower required for the tugboats for safe berthing and unberthing of a 24,000 TEU ultra-large container ship at the Busan New Port. When the wind speed is 10 m/s (20 kts), 13,000 TEU container ships meet the tug horsepower standard of the current Busan port tugboat operation rules, but 16,000 TEU and 24,000 TEU container ships do not satisfy the regulations. Therefore, it was proposed to raise the standards for tugboat use by dividing the size of ships of "G/T 150,000 tons or more," which is the largest vessel under the current tugboat use standards, into two stages. Because 140,000 tons requires 12,100 horsepower, 170,000 tons requires 14,500 horsepower, and 230,000 tons requires 18,000 horsepower, the study proposed 16,000 horsepower for 150,000 to less than 200,000 tons and 18,000 horsepower for 200,000 tons or more for the use of tugboats.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.47-60
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• 2023

A thorough inventory of ship emissions, particularly ship's emission of in-port area is necessary to identify significant sources of exhaust gases such as NOx, SOx, PM, and CO₂ and trends in emission levels over time, and reduce their serious effects on the environment and human health. Therefore, the goal of this study is to assess the volume of emissions from ships in Mokpo port, which serves as a gateway to the southwest coast of Korea, using a bottom-up methodology and data from the automatic identification system (AIS) and the Korean Port Management Information System (Port-MIS). In this work, an analysis of ship movement utilizing AIS data and an actual set of data on ship specification were gathered. By examining ship movement using AIS data, We also proposed a new approach for identifying cruising/maneuvering mode. Finally, the results were classified by ship operating mode, by exhaust gas, by ship type, and by berth, which provides a thorough and in-depth analysis of the air pollution caused by ships in Mokpo port.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.450-459
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• 2024

Recently, the interest in eco-friendly energy sources, including liquefied natural gas (LNG), has considerably increased both domestically and internationally, and the development of LNG-handling facilities and berths is actively underway. Ulsan Port has been selected as a Northeast Asian oil and energy hub and is actively developing LNG and oil storage facilities and berths. The LNG terminal currently under construction in the North Port district of Ulsan New Port is a quay-type terminal rather than a dolphin-type terminal, which is the existing main-pier type. However, no domestic or international design standards for the mooring-system arrangement of quay-type LNG terminals exist. Therefore, in this study, to establish design standards for mooring systems for quay-type LNG terminals, we developed a pier that reflected the dolphin-type mooring system arrangement in the Harbour and Fishery Design Criteria and analyzed the sensitivity of mooring-evaluation parameter for actual target berthing vessels. The results showed that, compared to the mooring system arrangement of the existing quay-type pier, the tension of the mooring line, load of the QRH, reaction force of the fender, and ship motion of 6-DOF were generally reduced under the same environmental conditions, which are beneficial for improving ship and pier safety. The results of this study offer a foundation for developing design standards for quay-type LNG terminals.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.781-786
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• 2010

In this study, a new concept of ocean transport system, called the mobile harbor serving for a short distance transport of containers with cargo handling cranes between mother containerships and coastal ports, is introduced. Instead of direct berthing a very large containership at the coastal port, Mobile Harbor is moving to the offshore mooring basin with enough water depth condition. Therefore, investigation of the coastal environment, technical condition and limitation of the domestic trade ports for the application of Mobile Harbor, is essential process. To figure out the accessibility of mobile harbor, the environmental conditions, the cargo handling capacity and marine traffic volume and flow pattern has been analyzed with the tools for marine traffic simulation and virtual navigation aids system. The most proper Mobile Harbor mooring areas among trade ports of the south and east coast are selected by analyzing the obtained information and evaluating its application: (1) Under natural environmental conditions such as air and sea weather, three candidate areas are selected such as Masan port, Ulsan port, and Busan(New port) port. (2) Under marine traffic and appropriateness of water facilities, three candidate areas are selected as Mokpo port, Busan(New port) port, and Donghae & Mookho port (3) For a region-based analysis considering handling capacity and the local managed trade ports in vicinity, three candidate areas are selected as Busan region, Yosu & KwangYang region, and Mokpo region. Through this study, the basic guideline for selection of optimum trade port and offshore mooring basin for mothership and Mobile Harbor is recommended. In order to apply the Mobile Harbor to the real water, navigaton aids as the virtual route identification with AIS must be introduced for maritime safety in the vicinity of Mobile Harbor area which berthing and cargo handling is being conducted.