• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.69-92
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• 2005

A brief survey of linguistic studies on the nature of contrastive information in discourse was Presented first, and an attempt was also made to incorporate the Linguistic theories and concepts about contrast in discourse into a psychological framework. A tentative model of processing of contrastive information in discourse was Proposed, and eight experimental studies on the effects of contrastive information on comprehension and memory of short and ions discourses were reviewed. Experimental results showed that contrastive sentences took more time to process at encoding, and yet were recognized faster and cued-recalled in greater amount than noncontrastive sentences. It was also found that levels of contrast in the discourse structure have some effects on encoding time. It was further found that the sentence immediately following the contrastive sentence was processed slowly regardless of whether it does or does not resolve the contrast. The implications of the results of empirical studies were discussed in relation to developing a research framework that integrate coherence studies and contrast studies urns the two disciplines of linguistics and cognitive psychology.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2015

Introduction : The Understanding of neurological lesion relating to apraxia will help to predict symptoms according to a lesion and to establish a proper treatment and goal. So, This study will explain causes and mechanism of a movement error of ideomotor apraxia through literature review and also will suggest the evidence using in treatment. Body : Ideomotor apraxia may occur a damage of the production part in praxis system, and is common in damage of a cortex rater than damage of a subcortex. According to study with gesture, movement of upper limbs is relate of left parietal lobe but finger movement is relate of frontal lobe. The visual and tactile stimulation through using real objects could guide into proper movement aside from memory of a skilled action. Conclusion : Praxis can occur through diverse neurological processing and various external stimulations can help praxis processing. Therefore, the treatment of ideomotor apraxia need to use this stimulations.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2010

From 2000s, the development to improve space use of urban area has been requested because of unorganized urban development in 1960~70s. For this reason Urban Redevelopment projects have been changed to urban regeneration project based on the renewed law. Recent urban regeneration Projects are bigger and more complex than ever. These kinds of projects need good communication between projects stakeholders, however there are problems in processing project for the lack of standardized business process. The purpose of this study is to provide common business process of urban regeneration projects for stakeholders to improve understanding project business process through analyzing association way of urban regeneration project and modeling business process by BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation) method. And also it is expected to improve communication between stakeholders and to shorten project time through prompting project participation with the proposed business process.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.80 no.1
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• pp.20-31
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• 1991

To improve the understanding and predicting power of littering behavior in natural recreation areas, a model was proposed based on the theory of reasoned action by Fishbein and Ajzen. Among the visitors of Kaeryongsan National Park in Korea, three hundred and ninety nine (399) groups were interviewed to obtain such data as beliefs about the behavioral consequences, attitudes, normative belief, socioeconomic status and etc. A significant but practically weak relationship was found between beliefs, normative belief and past behavior (R=0.3). Using Logit analysis, past behavior could be explained with relevant variables in an acceptable power ($R^2$=0.35). In the model, education, social group, occupation, age and visiting frequency were all negatively related to past behabavior. Beliefs and normative belief also behaved as expected by the theory. The study results show that the theory may be useful in predicting the undesirable behaviors in recreation areas and establishing management policy to control them. The cause of weak relationships between relevant variables were discussed and future research implications were also suggested.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.815-823
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• 2011

Combustion phenomena in porous media combustors are widely used in industrial fields for the combustion of lowgrade fuels and the regeneration of combustion heat. However, studies of combustion phenomena in porous media have been limited, because these phenomena are difficult to observe, and the configurations of porous media are complex. We propose a simple model combustor: a multi-channel combustor that consists of many layers of combustion channels made of quartz plates. We conducted an experimental observation of the flames in the multi-channel combustor and obtained experimental results for the flame stabilization limits. Flames formulated in the multi-channel combustor showed variation in the spatial distribution depending on the heat transfer between neighboring channels. A simple analytical model was developed and the variation in the flammability limits of the multi-channel combustor was discussed. This study will enhance our understanding of flame behavior in a porous-media combustor.

• School Mathematics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.361-384
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate students' problem solving process based on the model of IDEAL if they learn to solve word problems of simultaneous linear equations through structure-representation instruction. The problem solving model of IDEAL is followed by stages; identifying problems(I), defining problems(D), exploring alternative approaches(E), acting on a plan(A). 160 second-grade students of middle schools participated in a study was classified into those of (a) a control group receiving no explicit instruction of structure-representation in word problem solving, and (b) a group receiving structure-representation instruction followed by IDEAL. As a result of this study, a structure-representation instruction improved word-problem solving performance and the students taught by the structure-representation approach discriminate more sharply equivalent problem, isomorphic problem and similar problem than the students of a control group. Also, students of the group instructed by structure-representation approach have less errors in understanding contexts and using data, in transferring mathematical symbol from internal learning relation of word problem and in setting up an equation than the students of a control group. Especially, this study shows that the model of direct transformation and the model of structure-schema in students' problem solving process of I and D stages.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.51
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• pp.141-156
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• 2002

The relation among social support, depressive symptoms, and living arrangements were examined in a non-random sample of 175 adults age 60 and older. A convenience sample was obtained through a personal interview. A structural equation modeling approach was used to explore the role of social support in the relation between the living arrangements of elderly Koreans and their level of depressive symptoms. These results are consistent with previous analyses suggesting that social support plays a significant role in moderating depressive symptoms, in relation to negative living arrangements among older Korean populations (the buffering-effect hypothesis).

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2018

라오스의 Houay Pano 유역은 상업적 조림으로 인해 2011년부터 2013년까지 급속한 토지이용 변화를 겪어왔다. 본 연구는 이러한 토지이용변화가 박테리아 거동에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 이해하기 위해 Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) 모형을 활용한 박테리아 거동 모델링을 수행하였다. SWAT 모형은 수치 표고 모델, 토양 특성, 토지 이용 등의 정보를 종합하여, 유역 내수량 및 수질의 변화를 모의할 수 있는 모형으로, 본 연구는 대표적인 분원성 지표 세균 (Fecal Indicator Bacteria)인 대장균 (Escheichia coli, E. coli)을 대상으로 모델링을 수행하였다. SWAT 모형은 지표면 위 박테리아를 1)식물 위, 2)토양 용액상, 3)토양 입자상으로 구분하여 모의한다. 각 상태로 분할된 박테리아는 소멸 (die-off), 씻김 (wash-off), 침투, 표면 유출을 통한 수계로의 이동 등의 단계를 통하여 유역 내에서 거동한다. 본 연구는 서로 다른 기후의 영향을 배제하기 위해 각 토지이용 시나리오를 (2011, 2012, 2013) 실제 기후 조건과 동일 기후(2011-2013 평균) 조건으로 분류하여 분석하였다. 실제 기후 조건에서 SWAT 모형은 표면 유출, 토사 유출, E. coli 거동에 대해 2011년부터 2012년까지 감소, 2012년부터 2013년까지 증가로 모두 동일한 양상을 모의하였다. 이는 강수량의 양상과 동일한 것으로, 강수량이 표면 유출의 양을 결정하고, 달라진 표면 유출에 따라 토사 유출과 E. coli 거동이 결정되기 때문이다. 하지만 동일 기후 조건에서는, E. coli 거동 동인인 표면 유출과 토사 유출이 비교적 일정해짐에 따라, 각 상태로 분할된 박테리아의 초기 부하량값이 E. coli 거동을 결정하는 주된 요인임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 따라서 초기 부하량 분할에 활용되는 엽면적 지수 (Leaf Area Index)와 분배계수 (BACTKDDB)의 정확도가 요구된다. 추가적으로 본 연구는 박테리아의 유입원인 비료 모델링과, LAI를 활용한 박테리아 초기 부하량 산정, 토양 특성 변수와 토지 이용 변수의 분리, 지하수를 통한 박테리아 거동 등을 중심으로 SWAT 모형의 한계점과 개선점을 제시하였으며, 본 연구 결과는 토지이용변화가 박테리아 거동에 주는 영향을 모형적으로 이해하고, 또한 추후 박테리아 모델링 개발에 도움을 줄 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.39-49
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• 2019

This study, as a study on building platforms for smart campus ecosystem, took an approach that reflected the needs of various stakeholders of smart campus, and focused on functions to help them strengthen their competitiveness and advance into society by focusing on the learning of the most important university student users, college life, and social connection. First, we looked at the theories related to smart campus construction through prior research, and next, through domestic and international environmental analysis and trend analysis, we designed and presented a target model for e-portfolio focusing on core competency development and support system for Industry-Academic Cooperation, and proposed the main point for continuous smart campus development model.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.87-98
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• 2019

As artificial intelligence is actively studied, it is being applied to various fields such as image, video and natural language processing. The natural language processing, in particular, is being studied to enable computers to understand the languages spoken and spoken by people and is considered one of the most important areas in artificial intelligence technology. In natural language processing, it is a complex, but important to make computers learn to understand a person's common sense and generate results based on the person's common sense. Knowledge graphs, which are linked using the relationship of words, have the advantage of being able to learn common sense easily from computers. However, the existing knowledge graphs are organized only by focusing on specific languages and fields and have limitations that cannot respond to neologisms. In this paper, we propose an intelligent chatbotsystem that collects and analyzed data in real time to build an automatically scalable knowledge graph and utilizes it as the base data. In particular, the fine-tuned BERT-based for relation extraction is to be applied to auto-growing graph to improve performance. And, we have developed a chatbot that can learn human common sense using auto-growing knowledge graph, it verifies the availability and performance of the knowledge graph.