• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.189-217
• /
• 2011

According to the current law of national health insurance, the Minister of Health and Welfare can impose a suspension of business or license, and a fine with medical institutions who violate the law. In case that medical institutions raise an action for ity with each penalty, they ask for replacing the suspension of business with a fine during the pendency of the action. But there is a long gap of time between an offense and administrative measures. One violation cause several types of administrative measures (suspension of business or fine, suspension of license etc.) and different government departments impose these penalties. It takes a lot of time to organize their opinions and they are liable to impose penalties after considerable space of time because of overwhelming tasks. Then the medical institutions can sustain a loss by getting unexpected administrative measures after their offense against the law. Thus, this article review whether extinctive prescription apply to the right of imposing fine on the law of national health insurance or not. Meanwhile, we have no regulations imposing a same fine to co-representatives of medical institution who infringe the law of national health insurance. On this point, this study review whether they have equal duty on that or not.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2012.10a
• /
• pp.518-521
• /
• 2012

IPTV는 IP를 기반으로 한 초고속인터넷을 기반으로 제공되는 미디어 서비스로서, 국내에 널리 확산된 초고속인터넷을 기반하여 급속도로 확산되고 있는 추세에 있다. 특히, 국내에 IPTV서비스가 본격적으로 상용서비스를 제공한지 3년이라는 시간이 경과하면서, 2012년 8월 500만 가입자를 돌파하여 국내의 주요 방송미디어 매체로 등극하였다. 하지만 IPTV는 도입초기부터 많은 법규제 논란이 제기되어 기존의 방송법이 아닌 인터넷멀티미디어방송사업법(이하 IPTV법)을 별도로 제정하여 IPTV를 규제하고 있다. 이는 IPTV가 기존의 방송과는 달리 VOD 및 양방향서비스 등과 같은 비선형 서비스 및 부가서비스 제공이 가능하기 때문에 기존법으로는 규제가 어렵기 때문이다. 해외의 경우에는 IPTV에 대해서 정도의 차이는 있지만 기존 방송의 규제틀안에서 차별화를 하는 방향으로 규제가 이루어지고 있다. 유럽은 EU의 '국경없는 TV지침(TWFD)이 확대 개정된 시청각 미디어지침(AVMSD)을 근간으로 규제를 하고 있는데, 이 지침에 따라 EU 역내국가들은 방송미디어서비스를 선형서비스와 비선형서비스로 구분하고 있다. 기존 방송이 해당되는 선형서비스에 대해서는 강한 규제를, VOD와 같은 비선형 서비스에 대해서는 약한 규제를 적용하고 있다. 미국은 IPTV를 다채널 유료방송시장(MVPD)의 일종으로 구분하고 케이블방송과는 별개의 서비스로 구분하고 있으며, 주 단위의 IPTV 면허를 필요로 한다. 따라서 IPTV는 위성방송이나 케이블방송과 같이 콘텐츠 규제를 받게된다. 캐나다는 규제당국인 CTRC가 공공방송, 사적방송, 공동체 섹터로 구분하여 면호규제를 시행하며, 콘텐츠 규제는 CTRC와 업계의 자율규제를 통해 시행하고 있는데, IPTV와 같은 뉴미디어에 대해서는 규제의 예외를 인정하고 있다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2016

Recently, as the heterogeneous network (HetNet) has been deployed widely to support various kinds of Radio Access Networks(RANs) with a combination of Macro, Pico, and/or Femto cells, research and standardization efforts have been very active regarding the concept of Licensed Shared Access (LSA) for supporting spectrum sharing. In order for a mobile device to efficiently support the spectrum sharing, the mobile device shall be reconfigurable, meaning that its radio application code has to be adaptively changed in accordance with the hopping of desired spectral band. Especially, Working Group 2 (WG2) of Technical Committee (TC) Reconfigurable Radio System (RRS) of European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) has been a main driving force for developing standard architecture for Multi-mode Mobile Device (MD) that can be applied to the LSA system. In this paper, we introduce the Multi-mode MD architecture for supporting LSA-based spectrum sharing. An implementation of a test-bed of Multi-mode MD is presented in order to verify the feasibility of the standard MD architecture for the purpose of LSA-based spectrum sharing through various experimental tests.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.416-428
• /
• 2008

In the end of 2007, Korea Government promulgated the Rule of 'Basic Act of Logistics Policy' for improving international logistics forwarding business. The goals of these rules are to achieve the development of our nation's economics for providing the security and efficiency of logistics system and enforced competition of logistics enterprises. This is established the basic principles of the legal basis for expanding into the Logistics Hub Center of North-east Asia. However In May 1999 new licensing requirements for ocean freight forwarders and NVOCCs operating in the USA were established by the US Federal Maritime Commission(FMC). Due to these regulations, each ocean transportation service provider in the USA acting as ocean freight forwarder, NVOCCs, or NVOCC agent must obtain a license to operate as Ocean Transportation Intermediary(OTI) before it begins operations. Only licensed OTIs may act as US transportation agents or receiving agents of other NVOCCs, on both US exports and imports. In this context, I think this study will be contributes for the development of korean freight forwarding system by analysis and comparing with between the Rule of the Basic Act of Logistics Policy of Korea and OTI freight forwarder & NVOCCs of USA.

• Korean Medical Education Review
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.125-135
• /
• 2013

Since the establishment of the national medical licensing examination board in 1992, the medical licensing examination system has changed enormously and this has had a number of impacts on examination services. All those reforms were aimed at improving the relevance and reliability of the test. Several attempts of the testing system have appeared in the new examination service, and which have also brought about the changes in the medical school curriculum such as introducing integrated courses instead of traditional subjects, using test scores as a reference to the post-graduation selection test. Some examples of changes in the examination system are as follows: 1) choosing three integrated test subjects and outlines of their reference content instead of 15 academic subjects, 2) adjusting the ratio of multiple choice question items to focus more on the problem solving level, 3) introduction of 'one-best answer' single set and 'extended matching type items, 4) item construction based on real clinical cases and real clinical materials. Recently, a clinical skill test system has been introduced to measure examinees' basic clinical skills competencies. Despite continuing efforts, the examination system still has many issues remaining to be solved. These problems include the differential weighting of test items, appropriate threshold for passing, and practicality of pre-testing to stabilize the passing rate and avoid the hazards of newness and undesirably difficult test items.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.211-220
• /
• 2013

Objectives : This study intended to figure out illegal treatment by unlicensed person in dental area and factors, which were considered as user's position on the basis of the local community investigation of health conditions in chungbuk provinces in 2008. Methods : This study used chi-square test and complex sample design of multi-variate logistic regression analysis to question 12,443 peoples who have experience on illegal dental treatment. Results : Multi-variate logistic regression analysis results showed that factors having related to illegal dental treatment are sex, age, education standards, subjective awareness of oral health condition, drinking experience of lifetime, unmet need of dental treatment, chewing difficulty, use of dentures, experience of scaling and the use of interdental care instrument. Conclusions : As a result of this study, in order to root out illegal dental treatment, we need to expand the breadth of health insurance coverage so that it can reduce the burden of dental expenses. Moreover, we need to set out health service of public oral health to inform the importances of maintaining good oral health and the problems of illegal dental treatment by unlicensed person.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
• /
• 2016.11a
• /
• pp.249-252
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 연령증가에 따라 운전에 필요한 신체적, 인지적 능력의 변화가 어떻게 나타나는지 설문을 통해 분석하고, 이것이 교통안전 시설물(신호기, 노면표시, 도로표지판)의 필요성 및 적정성을 평가하는 것과 어떤 관계가 있는 지 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 20세 이상 운전면허 소지자를 대상으로 5개 권역, 500명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 이를 분석하였다. 운전능력에 대한 자기평가 점수는 종합적 능력, 개별능력(시력, 청력, 색채식별 등) 모두 연령이 증가함에 따라 점수가 낮아지는 것으로 분석되었다. 특히 시력은 연령증가에 따른 감소폭이 크고, 절대적인 평균점수가 다른 항목에 비하여 낮게 나타났다. 시력의 경우 타 신체적, 인지적 능력에 비해 운전 중 기능의 저하에 따른 체감도가 크기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 설문결과에 따른 분류분석을 통해서는 신체적, 인지적 기능의 저하가 시작되는 연령이 기존의 고령운전자로 판단하는 65세 보다 낮은 48세로 분석되었다. 이것은 연령증가에 따른 기능 저하로 인한 영향을 받는 운전자가 그렇지 않은 운전자보다 더 많다는 것을 의미한다. 또한 시설물에 대한 필요성 인식에 대한 평가 역시 운전능력에서 차이를 나타내는 연령대에서 인식의 차이가 있을 것으로 분석되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2017.11a
• /
• pp.924-926
• /
• 2017

본 논문에서는 좁고 곡률이 큰 도로에서의 자율 주행을 위한 AVM 시스템 기반의 알고리즘을 제안한다. 기존의 전방을 주시하는 모노/스테레오 카메라를 이용한 차선 인식 방법을 이용한 자율주행 알고리즘은 모노/스테레오 카메라의 제한된 FOV (Field of View)로 인해 좁고 곡률이 큰 도로에서의 자율 주행에 한계가 있다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 AVM 시스템을 기반으로 하여 이 한계를 극복하고자 한다. AVM 시스템에서 얻은 영상을 차선의 색상 정보를 이용해 차선의 영역을 이진화 한다. 이진화 영상으로부터, 차량의 뒷바퀴 주변의 관심영역을 시작으로 재귀적 탐색법을 이용하여 좌, 우 차선을 검출한다. 검출된 좌, 우 차선의 중앙선을 차량의 경로로 삼고 조향각을 산출해 낸다. 제한하는 알고리즘을 실제 차량에 적용시킨 실험을 수행하였고, 운전면허 시험장의 코스를 차선의 이탈없이 주행 가능함을 실험적으로 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.48 no.11
• /
• pp.22-27
• /
• 2011

In spectrum sensing, an energy detector compares the energy of a received signal with a predetermined detection threshold and decides whether a primary user is active or not in a licensed frequency band. Here the detection threshold is related to the noise power level in the band. Most previous works on energy detection have assumed that the noise power is exactly known a priori. However, this assumption does not hold in practice since there may be some uncertainty about the noise power. So it is necessary to investigate its effects on the performance of energy detection for spectrum sensing. In this paper, we analyze the effects using the residue theorem for contour integral and present the associated numerical results.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2014

Objectives of this study are to investigate transition history of pharmacist license examination in Korea and to compare three suggestions for new examination system proposed by National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board, Korean Association of Pharmacy Education, and Korean Pharmaceutical Association. Future task to help the examination system meet global standard is also discussed. Regulations on the examination system were retrieved from the sources posted in Ministry of Government Legislation homepage. Efforts devoted by the three organizations to make amendment on the regulations were collected from reports, official documents, minutes, and handout materials issued by the organizations. Ministry of Health and Welfare made amendment on the examination system in 2013 by rearranging the existing natural science-based eleven subjects to two subjects along with addition of a new subject named clinical-practical pharmacy. Unfortunately, however, the amendment stipulates that the new subject should include manufacturing and quality control of pharmaceuticals as part of contents in the examination. It is strongly urged that the contents of the examination should focus on professional competency as pharmacist in clinical situation. Future task to make revision on this issue is warranted to help new pharmacist enable to provide pharmaceutical care service to patients.