• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.764-773
• /
• 2011

IEEE 802.15.4 is a standard for LWPAN based on TDMA. IEEE 802.15.4 has not been used widely because of restrictions on the QoS, scalability, and reliability. IEEE 802.15.4 utilizes GTS for one-hop QoS transmission. However GTS is not an effective method to satisfy QoS in multi-hop environments. Currently IEEE 802.15.4e, an extended version of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC sub-layer, is being developed to satisfy more diverse performance requirements than IEEE 802.15.4. IEEE 802.15.4e provides muti-hop QoS transmission functionality and uses multiple frequency channels. In this paper, a multi-channel TDMA scheduling scheme is proposed to satisfy end-to-end transmission delay in IEEE 802.15.4e. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated using simulation.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.195-200
• /
• 2009

무선 센서 네트워크에서의 통신은 여러 계층으로 나뉘어 각 계층별 역할을 수행하므로 무선통신이 가능할 수 있다. 센서 네트워크에서의 통신계층 중 하나인 MAC(Medium Access Control)계층은 데이터의 에러, 흐름을 제어하고 자원을 관리하기 위해서 사용되며 MAC Protocol을 사용하여 센서 노드간의 통신을 보장한다. 전통적인 MAC Protocol은 패킷 처리율의 최대화, 지연의 최소화 및 공평성 제공이 주된 목적으로 설계된 된다. 무선 센서 네트워크에서 MAC 프로토콜은 응용에 따라 차이는 있으나 대부분 많은 센서 노드들로 구성된다. 또한 멀티 홉 통신을 하기 때문에 센서 장치의 제한된 배터리 수명으로 인해 소모되는 에너지를 최소화 하여 네트워크 에너지의 효율성을 높이는 것이 가장 큰 목적이다. 본 논문에서는 에너지 효율성 측면을 강조하기 위해서 MAC프로토콜의 문제점을 알아보고 그 중에서 최우선적으로 요구되는 에너지 효율성에 대해서 S-MAC, T-MAC의 비교와 T-MAC의 확률값을 변경에 따른 어느 경우가 가장 효율적인지 active time을 통하여 알아보았다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2005.07a
• /
• pp.277-279
• /
• 2005

무선 멀티 홉 네트워크는 기지국 없이 중간의 무선 단말기를 경유해서 메세지를 전송하므로 무선 단말기의 전력 상태나 이동에 따라 그 토폴로지가 자주 변한다. 따라서 목적지까지 경로를 탐색하고 유지하기 위해 효율적인 경로 탐색 기법에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 그러나 경로 탐색 과정은 경로 탐색 메세지를 네트워크 전체로 전파하는 플러딩으로 인해 네트워크의 처리율을 크게 감소시킨다. 플러딩으로 발생하는 트래픽을 억제하기 위해 제안된 선별적인 플러딩 기법 중 이웃 노드 정보에 기반 한 접근 방식은 비교적 정확하게 재전송에 필요한 노드를 선별할 수 있으나 HELLO 패킷을 주기적으로 발생시켜야 한다. 본 논문은 이웃 노드의 맥(MAC) 계층에서 발생하는 제어 메세지를 청취해서 이웃 노드의 트래픽 정보를 수집하고 이것을 이용해서 재전송에 필요한 노드를 선별하는 기법을 제안 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.37 no.2B
• /
• pp.120-129
• /
• 2012

Wireless mesh network (WMN) has recently emerged as a promising technology for tactical operation. If a platoon is organized with MPs, this system is suitable for tactical coverage is given for battle field where there is a shortage of wired infrastructure. However, MPs of typical WMN are generally fixed. This condition does not apply to diverse tactical scenarios. In this paper, it is considered that MPs have group mobility for flexible tactical networks. We propose cluster based multi-channel MAC scheme for mobilie WMN with single antenna condition. We have reduced the collision problems and message storming problems occur by mobility, so the reliability of WMN has been improved. Consequently, reliable communication is guaranteed by our framework in mobile WMN.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.1593-1608
• /
• 2009

If a certain relay node in multi-hop wireless networks might become a malicious node that does not cooperate with other nodes or a selfish node, network throughput will be dramatically decreased. Most of existing ad hoc routing protocols assuming that the nodes will fully cooperate with other nodes do not resolve the problem of network performance degradation due to malicious and selfish nodes. This paper presents the CARE (Cooperative Ad hoc routing protocol based REputation) scheme incorporating the reputation management that can achieve a multi-hop wireless network with high throughput performance. The proposed scheme provides the horizontal cross-layer approach which can identify misbehaving malicious, selfish nodes dropped out of the hop-by-hop based packet processing in the network and then set up an optimal packet routing path that will detour misbehaving nodes. And the vertical cross-layer approach contained in the CARE scheme attempts to improve the quality of routing paths by exploiting the quality of link information received from the MAC layer. Besides, it provides high TCP throughput by exploiting the reputation values of nodes acquired from the network layer into the transport layer. A case study on experiments and simulations shows that the CARE scheme incorporating vertical and horizontal cross-layer approaches yields better performance in terms of the low rate of packet loss, fast average packet delivery time, and high TCP throughput between end-to-end nodes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2014.10a
• /
• pp.102-105
• /
• 2014

일반적으로 무선 센서네트워크에서 각 센서 노드들에서 생성된 데이터는 목적지 노드 즉, 싱크(sink) 노드로 전송되어진다. 본 논문에서는 이처럼 데이터 전송이 몰리게 되는 sink 노드 근처에서 노드들 사이에 전송된 데이터 패킷의 충돌을 줄임으로 에너지 효율과 지연의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 TDMA 기반의 MAC 프로토콜을 제안한다. 전송할 데이터를 가지는 노드들은 먼저 싱크 노드에게 자신이 전송할 데이터의 양을 포함하는 RTS 패킷을 전송한다. 이 RTS 패킷을 받은 싱크 노드는 각 노드들에게 전송할 수 있는 전송 스케줄을 노드들에게 보내고, 이 스케줄을 받은 각 노드들은 전송 스케줄에 맞추어 자신들에게 할당된 슬롯에 데이터 패킷을 전송함으로 충돌 없이 bursty데이터를 전송한다. 이 방법을 통하여 각 노드들은 동시에 멀티 슬롯을 할당 받아 여러 패킷을 전송할 수 있다. 따라서 버스티한 트래픽 전송에서 지연(Delay)을 줄이는 동시에 충돌을 없애 데이터 전송 효율을 높일 수 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.491-497
• /
• 2012

Network coding is that the nodes can combine and mix the packets rather than merely forward them. Therefore, network coding is expected to improve throughput and channel efficiency in the wireless network. Relevant researches have been carried out to adapt network coding to wireless multi-hop network. In this paper, we designed the network coding for bidirectional traffic service in routing layer and IP layer of Ad-hoc network. From the simulation result, the traffic load and the end to end distance effect the performance of the network coding. As end to end distance and the traffic load become larger, the gain of network coding become more increased.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2003.11c
• /
• pp.231-234
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we propose the enhanced CSMA/CA MAC protocol fir mobile multi-hop wireless Ad-hoc networks. In the conventional wireless Ad-hoc network such as WLAN using CSMA/CA MAC protocol, communications between terminals that fn connected within multi-hop node may degrade the transmission efficiencies as increasing the multi-hop nodes because of RTS-CTS-DATA-ACK message exchange between terminals. In this raper, we apply the ACK/RTS control message into multi-hop transmission between terminals for wireless ad-hoc networks and improve the data traffic transmission efficiencies compared with conventional CSMA/CA MAC protocol used in WLAN.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.437-452
• /
• 2008

IEEE 802.16j MR networks introduce RSs (Relay Stations) within the IEEE 802.16 system in order to enhance the data throughput and extend the coverage. However, the current standardization defines that the BS (Base Station) controls MS's (Mobile Station's) handover, not only it induces the large signaling overhead but also handover latency could increase. In this paper, we propose a handover protocol in the MR networks where the high capability RSs that can process the MS's control functions are deployed. First, we classify the handover scenarios for the MR networks with the high capability RSs. Then, we define the MAC handover procedure, corresponding MAC management messages and the transmission routes for the proposed messages so that an 802.16e MS can perform seamless handover without noticing it is attached to an MR network. The simulation results show that the proposed handover protocol not only reduces the MAC management message overhead transferred through the wireless links compared to IEEE 802.16j/D1, which is the current standard for MR networks, but also performs the rapider and more secure MS handover than IEEE 802.16e and IEEE 802.16j/D1.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.180-186
• /
• 2017

In this paper we propose a traffic aware Demand Wakeup MAC(TADW-MAC) protocol, in which low data delay and high throughput can be achieved, for wireless sensor networks. With the TADW-MAC protocol, the problem of the DW-MAC protocol, which schedules only one packet to deliver during the Sleep period in a multi-hop transmission is resolved. DW-MAC is not adequate for the applications such as object tracking and fire detection, in which busty data should be transmitted in a limited time when an event occurs [6-8]. When an event occurs, duty cycle can be adjusted in the TADW-MAC protocol to get less energy consumption and low latency. The duty cycle mechanism has been widely used to save energy consumption of sensor node due to idle listening in wireless sensor networks. But additional delay in packet transmission may be increased in the mechanism. Our simulation results show that TADW-MAC outperforms RMAC and DW-MAC in terms of energy efficiency while achieving low latency.