• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• 제28호
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• pp.35-81
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• 2011

Manhwa is a mass media (to expose all faces of an era such as politics, society, cultures, etc with the methodology of irony, parody, etc). Since the Manhwa records is primary culture infrastructure, it can create the high value-added industry by connecting with fancy, character, game, movie, drama, theme park, advertising business. However, due to lack of active and systematic aquisition system, as precious Manhwa manuscript is being lost every year and the contents hard to preserve such as Manhwa content in the form of electronic records are increasing, the countermeasure of Manhwa contents management is needed desperately. In this study, based on these perceptions, the need of Manhwa records management is examined, and the characteristics and the components of Manhwa records were analyzed. And at the same time, the functions of record management process reflecting the characteristics of Manhwa records were extracted by analyzing various cases of overseas Cartoon Archives. And then, the framework of record-keeping regime was segmented into each of acquisition management service areas and the general Manhwa records archiving strategy, which manages the Manhwa contents records, was established and suggested. The acquired Manhwa content records will secure the context among records and warrant the preservation of records and provide diverse access points by reflecting multi classification and multi-level descriptive element. The Manhwa records completed the intellectual arrangement will be preserved after the conservation in an environment equipped with preservation facilities or preserved using digital format in case of electronic records or when there is potential risk of damaging the records. Since the purpose of the Manhwa records is to use them, the information may be provided to diverse classes of users through the exhibition, the distribution, and the development of archival information content. Since the term of "Manhwa records" is unfamiliar yet and almost no study has been conducted in the perspective of records management, it will be the limit of this study only presenting acquisition strategy, management and service strategy of Manhwa contents and suggesting simple examples. However, if Manhwa records management strategy are possibly introduced practically to Manhwa manuscript repositories through archival approach, it will allow systematic acquisition, preservation, arrangement of Manhwa records and will contribute greatly to form a foundation for future Korean culture contents management.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• 통권23호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2011

Rodolphe Toepfer invented cartoon frames and following cartoonists developed this idea. But cartoon frames defineed before in historical documens and artifacts give a hint of the structure of a cartoon frame. In historical documents and artifacts show various form of the quadrangle frames. Now we see the cartoon frame is a result of historical things. Artists input in the framework, dubbed as a cartoon frame, all kinds of icons that belong to cartoon's language. Readers accept messages that artists want to say by considering this formation. Although cartoon frames are similar to camera frames they are more flexible than other general frames. By this flexibility, different shapes of frame influence reader's experiences. Applying these various cartoon frames extends function of framework. And if used by many cartoonists, you gradually get a rule. A time-tested rule standardizes it. In theory, shapes of frame are changeable in many ways. But frequently used frames are standardized in just one formation. In the process, I think it is a tacit rule of human lifestyle. That is a quadrangle. Why is the quadrangle chosen by a long term polished rule of frame? This study is to realise why a quadrangle form is used and its relation to human lifestyle.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.156-164
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• 2011

The world history of modern comics is not too long. So is the domestic history of modern comics. Besides, there is a tendency that the domestic history of comics has developed with introduction of foreign materials. Even though a few argue that the domestic history of modern comics had a sheer background with our tradition, this argument is considered as a kind of minority. Obviously, it is not easy to argue something with valid grounds in the field of comics history. It is needed to provide valid grounds of comics history from our history. Several symbols of comics were found in 'Three Bonds and the Morals in Human Relations' and 'The Sequel to Three Bonds and the Morals in Human Relations', Joseon. Particularly, comics frames were used to explain the contents in two books. This supports the fact that Korean comics history has its own base in the tradition. This study is on the analysis of 'comics frames' among symbols of comics in 'The Sequel to Three Bonds and the morals in Human Relations.' It is said that another objective of this study helps get a real idea of comics history of Joseon by studying the symbolic meaning of comics frames used in this period. On top of that, the result of the study that focuses on the symbolic meaning of comics frames in Joseon is expected to be used as a kind of comics history for the people who have a passion for comics.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• 통권35호
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• pp.227-253
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• 2014

The purpose of this article is to prove the fun of cartoon has related in Reality. Ultimately, it will be occurred the expanding result in contact with reader's reality perception. I had pointed out this issue in introduction. Although Fun is our vital power, almost people recognize it as imagination result which is not related in Reality. As the result, we overlooked Fun is contacted in Reality recognition. Creation method of cartoon story emphasize "the Individual character" and "the original nature" also. As this result, it has limitation which neglect "Reality". In main subject, I explained the meaning of Fun and Reality in feeling Korea Cartoon. First, we looked around a theoretical background of fun. With take surveying for various fun characters in several category of cartoon. We can confirm that it was occurred the results contacting "Enlargement of actual recognition" commonly. Second, the main issue of Korea cartoon was "Reality" historically. But, described Reality in cartoon is different from true Reality. Therefore, cartoon is imagined Reality of writer. So he make a heros and make a fun putting a folk tail. Third, described Reality in Korea cartoons make a fun and reader's consensus which is from emotional reality. With limitation of writer's "Reality recognition", almost writers adapted to ideology of ruling classes. Forth, we surveyed Korean cartoons which described "true Reality". Newspaper cartoons during imperialism and Min-joong cartoon in 80' period and 2000th period life documentary cartoon, we participated three sector and surveyed each character. Especially, I am dealing with important inconsistency of true reality. As this result, My cartoon enlarge reader's true reality and make "Fun" of recognizing a true reality.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.709-723
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• 2013

This study aims to diagnose the present condition of the Digital comics industry, including the "webtoon", which is receiving attention as the new Korean wave (Hallyu) cultural content, and explore ways to vitalize these contents. Considering the fact that the distribution rate of smart devices in Korea is the highest in the world as of June 2013, and that comics as contents have been known to show the easiest and fastest adaptation to changes in the media, the Digital comics industry is certainly an area with high expected growth, but its actual size of the industry shows a very low growth rate compared to other digital contents. This study analyzes the present condition of the Digital comics industry through theoretical and precedent study, and deducts 7 major factors that inhibit the growth of Digital comics industry by summing up the industry structure through making surveys of major businesses in the industry. Further, problems and possible solutions of the digital comics industry are discussed through in-depth interviews with total 10 digital comics industry experts. Building a ecosystem based charged service, realizing a total management system, government support and improvements on restrictions are discussed as solutions to a sustained growth of the Digital comics industry.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• 통권36호
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• pp.393-416
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• 2014

Comics has three components: cuts, gap between cuts, speech balloons. Still, it is true that speech balloons are not commonly subject to the study for comics. A few preceding researches pinpoint exactly the morphological features and functions of speech balloons. In today when webtoon becomes generalized, these features and functions are continued as they are and are used in webtoon. We can catch that speech balloons are also affected since the environmental elements of web induce the change in the overall comics directing. There are two perspectives to sort out the features of speech balloons: first, the placement issue of speech balloons. The unlimited expansion of web space gives the environment for comicss to use the gap between cuts as wide as they can. It leads to turn out some of the ways to place the balloons, so we can sort them out general placement, exterior placement, the upper and lower placement, scroll-use type. Second, as the directing techniques for webtoon become digitalized by the morphological issue, speech balloon itself has been expanded its ways to express by various expression methods. Analyzing and classifying, recording the newly emerged conditions on the preceding study are worthy of trying and will become the cornerstone for the follow research.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.123-149
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• 2015

As a mixture of both words 'Web' and 'Cartoon'. Webtoon is a sort of cartoons that come up with development of information technology. Web-toon is not just a cartoon but an OSMU for culture industries such as movies, dramas, games and more. While Web-toon's value is increasing, activities of securing and managing it as archives seem quite slow. To preserve web-toon as a web archives and digital contents which has long-term archival value effectively web archiving system should be required. This study analyzes webtoon's type and features. Also, requirements for web archiving system are extracted from case analysis of existing digital archives. With the results, this study proposes a method to design and implement web-toon archives based on OAIS reference model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2022년도 제66차 하계학술대회논문집 30권2호
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• pp.603-605
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• 2022

현재 세계적으로 e스포츠 시장의 규모가 꾸준히 성장하고 있지만 프로 e스포츠 구단부터 e스포츠 이벤트 대행사까지 각종 e스포츠 유관 기업들은 산업 규모에 걸맞는 수익을 창출 하기는 커녕 오히려 적자를 기록하는 경우를 더욱 자주 찾아볼 수 있다. 이러한 상황 속에서 사업적 다각화를 위해 프로 선수들을 주류로 다루는 e스포츠 산업뿐만 아니라 다양한 아마추어 e스포츠 산업을 다루는 사업 모델 또한 주목을 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 그 중 각종 논-엔데믹 기업 내에서 진행되고 있는 사내 e스포츠 토너먼트들이 업무 효율성에 얼마나 긍정적인 영향을 미치는지에 대해 연구함으로서 새로운 수익 모델에 대한 검증, 더 나아가 사업 타당성에 대해 검토해 보도록 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• 제53호
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• pp.45-77
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• 2017

This study intends to rehabilitate the memories of the social other which have been gradually forgotten in the social events overloaded with the undemocratic violence in South Korea today. This study explores a case of Yongsan Tragedy in 2009 among the most tragic events. It notes the autonomous ways in which activist artists would like to memorize the socio-historical events anew despite the emptiness of public records. In other words, this study considers the Yongsan case to be significant that a group of the public, artists, grassroots activists, religion men got together in solidarity so as to create the contested narratives countering dominant memories and thus to signify the records written by the civil society. Among others, activist artists had documented the unofficial counter-memories of socially alienated peoples in terms of planning a series of artistic events such as opening some gallery exhibitions and performance events, issuing a volume of work books, comics and photographies, online broadcasting, and directing some documentaries. Especially, this paper tends to note the documentation of on-site activist artists to record the counter-memories against social oblivion. By doing so, it finally suggests how we could document the Yongsan Tragedy both to search out the archival implications of today's art activism and to insert those artistic records into the commonly shared counter-memories in a more inclusive way.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• 통권32호
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• pp.121-140
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• 2013

This study takes a look at diverse artistic strategies is taking as a graphic novel of participation. Pascal Croci has used and combined the forms to convey the message he want as a writer of an inclusive graphic novel, image-text. It is linked with an intrinsic to the graphic novel as well as tradition of realism in a wide variety of genres. This study takes a brief look at the realism art in each genre and confirms in relation to the artistic characteristics of intrinsic to the graphic novel is taking as a graphic novel of participation. is consists of the process of covering a case and the form of a broadcasting report and a fictional format emphasizes the objectivity in contents to highlight the journalistic characteristics of the general narrative. uses various artistic languages of realism. The audience feels a realistic case through the experience and writer's message is convey effectively. shows the generic openness of the graphic novel.