• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.753-758
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• 2010

In this paper we propose an efficient marker tracking system that exploits IR and web cameras. The proposed method solves the marker swap problem and allows for fast and responsive marker tracking. We use color information gathered from the IR reflector to assign a unique identification to each marker. We can locate each marker withthe IR camera and also identify the marker uniquely by using color information provided by the web camera. The experiment results show that marker swapping can be eliminated effectively. Furthermore, our approach allows for faster and more responsive marker tracking.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.965-968
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• 2017

드론이라고도 불리는 소형 무인기는 비전 시스템을 대부분 갖추고 있어 비전을 응용한 기술이 적합한 플랫폼이며 특히 랜드 마크 기반 위치 추적 방법은 드론과 지상 로봇과 같은 다른 플랫폼 간의 협업을 위한 효율적인 방법 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 드론과 지상 로봇의 협업 시스템을 위하여 기준 마커를 검출하는 연구에 대하여 서술한다. 기준 마커 중 하나인 ArUco는 바코드보다 간단한 내부 코드를 가지고 있다. 기준 마커의 카메라 캘리브레이션을 통하여 카메라와 마커의 자세 추정이 가능하다. 성능 평가 실험을 통하여 형태가 간단한 마커, AprilTags, ArUco 간 성능 비교를 하였고 92%의 정확도를 얻어내었으며 ArUco의 적합한 이진화 알고리즘을 제시하였다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.377-385
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• 1996

여러 가지 의미를 갖고 있는 단어의 올바른 해석은 통사론적, 의미론적, 화용론적 지식을 요구하고 있다. 특히 본 논문에서 다루고자 하는 과제는 의미상 연결되어 있는 두 문장의 효과적인 해석을 통해 다의 단어의 애매성을 처리하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 이를 위해서 마커 전파를 근간으로 하는 메모리 기반 파싱에 이완법(relaxation)을 적용하여 양자의 유기적인 결합을 통한 확장된 메모리 기반 파싱 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 이 방법은 마커 전파가 제공하는 효율성을 유지하며, 이완법이 제공하는 효과성을 추구하고 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.433-438
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• 2012

With technologies available now, there are only a few virtual objects that augmented reality content can create. So, wider application of it is limited. If people want to realize any augmented reality content, out of a vast amount of materials available as well as virtual objects, the number of virtual objects that markers can render should be made to go up along with the content. In a precedent study, IR LEDs markers render marker information following On-Off signals. The number of LEDs should be raised to render as much information as possible, subsequently leading to the problem of oversized markers. This problem can be solved by generating data signals through the blinking of LEDs. This research puts forward OOK Code algorithm that represents the mode of data transmission using the light of LEDs. The amount of information that can be rendered by a marker increases and the size of the marker gets smaller, which is a merit, when it receives data signals from light.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2016

Effective and efficient estimation of camera poses is a core method in implementing augmented reality systems or applications. The most common one is using markers, e.g., ARToolkit. However, use of markers suffers from a notorious problem that is vulnerable to occlusion. To overcome this, this paper proposes a top-down method that iteratively estimates the current camera pose by using particle swarm optimization. Through experiments, it was confirmed that the proposed method enables to implement augmented reality on severely-occluded markers.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.73-82
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• 2012

Allele information from the analysis of the 13 microsatellite (MS) markers, were classified into the $F_0$, $F_1$ and $F_2$ generations, and probabilities of the same individual emergency in each generation was calculated. As a result, the 13 MS markers showed an estimate of $3.84{\times}10^{-23}$ on the premise of the randomly mated group of $F_2$, which implies that the same individuals may emerge by the use of 37 kinds of SNP markers. In this study, the experimental pigs were intercross between only 2 breeds (Korean native pig and Landrace). In addition, the success rate of paternity tests was analyzed on the whole group, by the use of the 13 MS markers and 37 SNP markers. As regards the exclusionary power of the second parent ($PE_{pu}$), MS markers and SNP markers showed 0.97897 and 0.99149, respectively. In relation to the parent exclusion power of both parent (PE), MS markers and SNP markers showed 0.99916 and 0.99949, respectively. In the case of the estimate to identify parental candidates that had the highest probability ($PNE_{pp}$), the two showed 1.00000 all. The Korean pig industry tends to mass produce hogs with limited numbers of alleles in limited parents. Such being the case, there is a need to organize a marker, for which it is imperative to find markers with high efficiency and high economic feasibility of the characteristics of DNA markers, sample size, the accuracy and expenses of genotyping cost, the manageability of data and the compatibility among analysis systems.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.55-65
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• 2011

In this paper, a novel method of marker detection robust against marker occlusion in augmented reality is proposed. the proposed method consists of four steps. In the first step, in order to effectively detect an occluded marker, we first utilize the Affine-SIFT (ASIFT, Affine-Scale Invariant Features Transform) for detecting matching points between an enrolled marker and an input images with an occluded marker. In the second step, we apply the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for eliminating outlier of the matching points in the enrolled marker. And then matching points are projected to the first and second axis for longest value and the shortest value of an ellipse are determined by average distance between the projected points and a center of the points. In the third step, Convex-hull vertices including matching points are considered as polygon vertices for estimating a geometric affine transformation. In the final step, by estimating the geometric affine transformation of the points, a marker robust against a marker occlusion is detected. Experimental results have shown that the proposed method effectively detects occlude markers.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 2015

Giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) is a endangered species considered as a vulnerable grade-organism in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list. As a fundamental baseline study for establishing a giant grouper broodstock management system, the efficiency for parentage analysis was evaluated by using microsatellite makers previously available in this species. The eight microsatellites generated a total 52 alleles from 32 individuals, the mean expected heterozygosity was 0.663, and mean inbreeding coefficient was 0.011, consequently suggesting that the present broodstock has retained the high level of genetic diversity. However, our analysis also recommended the collection of more broodfish for more stable brood line, since the estimated value of the effective population size was proven to be 35. The average probability of identity was $6.85{\times}10^{-11}$. NE-2P and NE-PP of paternity non-exclusion probabilities were 0.00835 and 0.00027, respectively. As the result of principle coordinate analysis, the genotype of broodstock was not overlapped, suggesting that the management system of giant grouper based on eight selected microsatellite markers might be effective, although further validation with extended number of broodfish might also be needed in future. Data of present study could be a useful basis to avoid the unwanted selection of broodfish that possess close genetic relationship with current broodstock, and consequently to establish effective broodstock management system allowing the production of progeny with high genetic diversity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04b
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• pp.763-765
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• 2004

현재 의료 영상을 이용한 신속하고 정확한 진단과 치료를 위하여 각 기관별로 영상을 분할하는 방식이 기본적으로 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 워터쉐드(Watershed) 알고리즘을 이용하여 해부학적 기관 중 폐 영역을 분할하는 방식을 제안한다. 초기에 소벨 에지 마스크(Sobel Edge Mask)를 이용하여 윤곽선을 강조하여 워터쉐드 알고리즘을 적용하였을 경우 과다 분할되는 문제점이 발생한다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 제거(Opening) 연산과 채움(Closing) 연산을 이용하여 마커(Marker) 정보를 추출하여 워터쉐드 알고리즘을 재적용하여 폐 영역 이미지를 분할하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 마커 정보를 이용한 워터쉐드 재적용 방식은 폐 영역 효율적이고 정확하게 추출한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.120-127
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• 1999

The purpose of the study is to mae experimental whether the required property quantity and marker efficiency has variation of marking based on theoretical background of marking using th function of computer marking system. To investigate that variation of marking effect the required property quantity and marker efficiency as the following is tried to solve giving separation to item width of property cutting line detail which is believed to influence the required property quantity and marker efficiency. How to make experiment as follows separating in order marker of 1082 styles of women's ready-made clothes of with basic design(jacket. pants. skirt, two-piece). Then the data were subjected to analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test. The result of this studying as follows 1. In marker of women's jacket and pants the required property quantity shows lower when it is each item than when it is two-pice,. 2. In marker of women's pants marker efficiency shows the highest level when width is 132cm and it shows the lowest level when width is 112cm. 3. In width 152cm of skirt marker it has cutting lines shows lower the required property quantity than it doesn't have. 4. In marker of women's pants it has details shows more high marker efficiency than it doesn't have.