• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2002

Population fluctuation of O. kashmirica benefica, a major natural enemy of citrus red mite (Panonychus citri), was surveyed from 1997 to 2000 in yuzu orchards in Goheung region and, developmental periods, developmental threshold temperature (DT) and effective cumulative temperature (ET) were estimated. Under four constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25 and 30$\^{C}$, developmental periods from egg to adult of the beetles were 67.3, 31.4, 19.4 and 15.3 days, respectively. The period of each stage was long in the order of pupa> egg > 3rd larva> 2nd larva> 1st larva. Mean numbers of eggs oviposited by a female per day were 3.3, 5.6, 7.3 and 7.7 under the temperatures, respectively. The highest hatchability (92%) and adult emergence (60%) were shown under 25$\^{C}$. Adult longevity was 54.3 days for females, and 58.6 days for males. In natural condition, the sex ratio of the beetle was 0.58. Developmental thresholds (DT) for egg, 1st, 2nd, 3rd larva, pupa, and egg to adult were 12.7, 10.0, 10.8, 7.9, 10.1 and 10.6$\^{C}$, respectively. The effective cumulative temperatures (ET) were 41.4, 22.9, 22.7, 46.6, 165.3, 292.9 day-degree at the same development stage, respectively. The beetle occurred from early April to early December in yuzu orchards. The population peak of the beetles was dependent on the amount of prey mite (Panonychus citri), and the ratio of the predator to prey mite was 1 to 100-200 at predator peak stage in the field.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.417-428
• /
• 2004

Conservation reasoning makes operational thought possible as a functional tool and it is the essential concept not only in the area of science and mathematics but also in several aspects of daily life. The abilities to solve mathematical problems and that of scientific reasoning and abstract way of thinking depend on whether thereis conservation reasoning or not and they are critical concepts that enables us to confirm the steps of cognitive development. Therefor in the study, we emphasized the issue that is the ways to speed up the scientific era by analyzing the correlation between the formation of conservation reasoning and neuro-cognitive variables. About 50% of 1-3 grade students did not had conservation reasoning skills. The formation of conservations was not linear. Scientific reasoning ability, planing and inhibiting ability were significantly different in levels of conservation, And, conservation reasonings were significantly correlated with cognitive variables. Scientific reasoning and planning ability significantly explained about 20% of the conservation reasoning ability of 1-3 grades.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.444-450
• /
• 1995

It was very hard to gather the seeds of Eleutherococcus senticosus Max. known as a medicinal plant for they tend to drop under the high temperature condition during the summer period in Korea. Therefore, this study was conducted to select seed production site for Eleutherococcus senticosus in Korea, comparing the climate of Hokkaido of Japan, in which the seeds have been produced, with that of various place in this country. It was low that the average maximum temperature during the hottest summer two months (July and August) as a 24.4$^{\circ}C$ in Hokkaido and 21.2$^{\circ}C$ in Daegwanryeong compared with 27.4$^{\circ}C$ in Changsu. Especially in Daegwanryeong, average maximum temperature from June to September remained as low as 21$^{\circ}C$. Effective accumulated temperature(>5$^{\circ}C$) was 807$^{\circ}C$ in Hokkaido and 964$^{\circ}C$ in Daegwanryeong during the ripening period. Monthly sunshined hours from July to August were 121.7~128 hours in Daegwanryeong and 83.5~85.4 hours in Hokkaido. The Eleutherococcus senticosus sprouts at 8.5$^{\circ}C$, comes to flowering season in mid-August, and ripens during late-August and October in Hokkaido, the climate of which is similar to that of Daegwanryeong.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.140-145
• /
• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the winter ecology of the green leafhopper(GLH), Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler, in Milyang, south-eastern part of Korea from early December to early April during 1990 to 1992. The instar distribution in the overwinteing GLH population collected in December 5th was most of 4th instar 77% to 79% followed by 3rd instar 15% to 17% and 5th instar 3%. These instar distribution rate in the overwintering GLH was changed with collecting dates during overwintering periods of the GLH. Among the GLH population collected, as a result, the distribution rate of the 5th instar was significantly increased in February 20th and was most of 5th instar 70% to 71% in March 19th and was adult 47% to 50% in April 8th. During two overwintering periods of the GLH, the averaged instars converted the instar distribution of the overwintering GLH into the numerical values were 3.91 and 3.86 instar in December 5th, 4.11 and 4.07 instar in February 20th, 4.75 and 4.79 instar in March 19th and 5.42 and 5.45 instar in April 8th respectively. In addition to, the developmental index between pre-collected date and post-collected date of the overwintering GLH was roughly more than 1.0 value. It means that the overwintering GLH was developed without cease though the development was very slow and deponded upon air temperature. The overwintering GLH population were significantly more collected at the levee than at the barley field.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.96-101
• /
• 2014

The present study was conducted for two years to develop the indoor breeding system of mole cricket, Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister. In 2013, the total mean number of progenies was $430.{\pm}20.0$ ($mean{\pm}SE$); $15.3{\pm}25.8$ of 2nd-3rd instars, $28.8{\pm}24.0$ 3rd-5th and $2.4{\pm}2.7$ 6th-8th. In 2014, the rearing yielded similar result to that of 2013; $43.5{\pm}31.0$ in total with $25.8{\pm}25.6$ of 2nd-3rd instars, $23.6{\pm}21.3$ 3rd-5th and $2.9{\pm}2.3$ 6th-8th. The successful breeding rate using indoor cages was 46.9% in 2013 and 50.0% in 2014. In total 147 individuals were successfully reared in an outdoor rearing cage with 25 females released and 78 individuals in an indoor rearing cage with 100 females and 50 males released. 86.4% and 89.7% of the nymphs reared were collected within 25cm depth of the soil in the outdoor and indoor cage, respectively.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.329-349
• /
• 2018

The objective of this study is to examine whether there are differences in participation in social activities and the effects of social activity types on the levels of happiness of the Korean older adults by age groups. The 5th wave(2014) of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) was used and a total of 3,273 elderly were selected from the 5th wave, who were 65 years old and older and who were not living with their offsprings. Chi-square test, ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used. The rate of participation in economic activities declined with age and the levels of participation in leisure activities was higher in the young-old group in comparison to the middle- and the oldest- old groups. The levels of participation in family activities was higher in the middle- and the oldest-old groups in comparison to the young-old group. Socializing activities and religious activities measured by the frequencies of activities were not significantly different among the age groups. The results of a regression analysis of social activity types and their effects on happiness by age groups are the followings: 1) Leisure, socializing, religious, and family activities all (with the exception of economic activities) significantly affected the level of happiness of older persons in the young-old group. 2) However, only socializing and family activities in the middle-old age group, and only family activities in oldest-old group, had a statistically significant impact on the levels of happiness. These results support that the rates of participation in the five types of social activities and their effects on the levels of happiness were different by age groups. The implication of this study was to report that needs and the interests of older individuals are different by age groups based on empirical evidences.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2024

This study analyzed the current status of care policies and senior citizen issues in Korea, which has entered a super-aging society, and attempted to suggest improvement measures for desirable convergence policies. The problems of the elderly in Korea have emerged as health problems, poverty problems, loss of roles, and care problems due to changes in the concept of family, values, and socioeconomic structure. In addition, poor seniors need jobs and employment policies, and healthy middle-class seniors need policy development to enable leisure activities and volunteer activities. In particular, it is necessary to establish policies to enable people to spend the rest of their lives in elderly care facilities and elderly care hospitals through community care policies. The super-aging society accounts for more than 20% of the total population among those aged 65 or older, and according to the National Statistical Office, it is expected to become a super-aging society by 2025. Elderly welfare policies must provide various programs and the needs and services of elderly care, and in the future, a super-aging society will need to secure a lot of financial resources and maintain a productive population to cover the financial resources. In other words, the human life cycle is from birth to death, and when the ratio of natural deaths of the elderly and infants born is appropriate, the society and the country can be seen as stable, vibrant, and healthy societies.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.56-63
• /
• 1988

일본은 통신사업에 경쟁원리를 도입하고 통신망접속의 자유화를 도모하기 위하여 1984년 새로이 전기통신사업법을 제정하였으며 이듬해 1985년에는 이법을 시행하기 위해 2개의 령과 7개의 규칙을 공포하였다. 이로서 일본도 미국과 유사한 단말기기의 인증제도를 가지게 되었으며 본고에서는 현행 일본의 인증제도와 그의 기술기준에 대해 관계법, 령, 규칙내용을 종합 분석하고자 한다.

• Ceramist
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.74-83
• /
• 2004

통계청이 내놓은 “한국의 인구현황” 보고서에 의하면 2002년 7월 현재 65 이상의 노령 인구는3백37만 1천명으로 총인구(4천7백27만명)의 7.1%를 차지한 것으로 나타났다. 유엔은 전체 인구 중 65세 이상의 노령자의 비율이 7％를 넘게 되면 고령화 사회, 14%를 넘으면 고령사회, 20% 이상은 초고령 사회로 분류하고 있다. 통계청은 평균수명의 증가 및 출산율의 감소 등으로 인하여 우리나라의 인구 노령화가 빨라져 2022년에는 노령 인구가 전체의 14.3%를 기록하며 고령사회에, 2032년에는 20%를 넘어 초고령 사회에 진입할 것으로 전망했다.(중략)

• 월간산업보건
• /
• s.187
• /
• pp.4-9
• /
• 2003

세계보건기구(WHO)에서는 동남아시아를 중심으로 발생하기 시작했던 급성호흡기감염을 '중증급성호흡지증후군(SARS)'으로 공식 명명하고 전 세계에 경보령을 발동, 각국에서는 경계령을 발동하여 환자 발생감시체제를 가동하였다. 또한 올 겨울 SARS가 다시 유행할 것에 대비해 철저한 대비책을 세워나가야 한다는 전문가의 의견이 제시되기도 하였다. 특히 우리나라는 WHO의 SARS 위험평가 분류에 의거 저위험지역에 해당되나 상반기 사스유행지역인 중국 등과 밀접한 교류가 많은 점을 감안하여 교점지역에 준하여 의료기관 중심 SARS 감시체계를 운영하고 단계별로 감시체계를 전국 병원으로 확대하기로 하였다. 이에 편집실에서는 한동안 전 세계 초미의 관심사였던 SARS에 대해 정리해보는 기회를 갖고자 원고를 청탁하여 특별기고로 다루고자 한다.