• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.639-642
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• 2009

When the graphics accelerator for high-quality multimedia content design, hardware verification environment, easy and accurate performance evaluation in an embedded device is required. To work around this is not verified through the simulation waveform analysis to determine the actual calculated graphic images has designed a software rasterizer. Rasterizer is designed for Windows-based environment using the C language implementation of rasterization has a function at each step. Vertex data is entered and the results were verified.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2013

In this paper, we implemented and evaluated the performance of a vector-based rasterization algorithm of 3D graphics using a SIMD-based many-core processor that consists of 4,096 processing elements. In addition, we compared the performance and efficiency of the rasterization algorithm using the many-core processor and commercial GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) system which consists of 7 GPUs and each of which have 512 cores. Experimental results showed that the SIMD-based many-core processor outperforms the commercial GPU system in terms of execution time (3.13x speedup), energy efficiency (17.5x better), and area efficiency (13.3x better). These results demonstrate that the SIMD-based many-core processor has potential as an embedded mobile processor.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2014

In this paper, we implement and evaluate the performance of a vector-based rasterization algorithm for 3D graphics by using a SIMD (single instruction multiple data) many-core processor architecture. In addition, we evaluate the impact of a data-per-processing elements (DPE) ratio that is defined as the amount of data directly mapped to each processing element (PE) within many-core in terms of performance, energy efficiency, and area efficiency. For the experiment, we utilize seven different PE configurations by varying the DPE ratio (or the number PEs), which are implemented in the same 130 nm CMOS technology with a 500 MHz clock frequency. Experimental results indicate that the optimal PE configuration is achieved as the DPE ratio is in the range from 16,384 to 256 (or the number of PEs is in the range from 16 and 1,024), which meets the requirements of mobile devices in terms of the optimal performance and efficiency.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.573-580
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• 2017

Despite the recent remarkable advances in the computing power of mobile devices, the heat and battery problems still restrict their performances, particularly compared to PCs. Therefore, in the application of the ray-tracing technique for high-quality rendering, the consideration of a method that traces only the secondary rays while the effects of the primary rays are generated through rasterization-based OpenGL ES rendering is worthwhile. Given that most of the rendering time is for the secondary-ray processing in such a method, a new volume-grid technique for dynamic scenes that enhances the tracing performance of the secondary rays with a low coherence is proposed here. The proposed method attempts to model all of the possible spatial secondary rays in a fixed number of sampling rays, thereby alleviating the visitation problem regarding all of the cells along the ray in a uniform grid. Also, a hybrid rendering pipeline that speeds up the overall rendering performance by exploiting the mobile-device CPU and GPU is presented.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.113-123
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• 2022

Ray tracing-based rendering creates by far more realistic images than the traditional rasterization-based rendering. However, it is still burdensome when implemented for a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) system that demands a wide field of view and a high display refresh rate. Furthermore, for presenting high-quality images on the HMD screen, a sufficient number of ray sampling should be carried out per pixel to alleviate visually annoying spatial and temporal aliases. In this paper, we extend the recent selective foveated ray tracing technique by Kim et al. [1], and propose an improved real-time rendering technique that realizes the rendering effect of the classic Whitted-style ray tracing on the HMD system. In particular, by combining the ray tracing hardware-based acceleration technique and time-constrained rendering scheme, we show that fast HMD ray tracing is possible that is well suited to human visual systems.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.15A no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

An occlusion culling method, one of visibility culling methods, excludes invisible objects or triangles which are covered by other objects. As it reduces computation quantity, occlusion culling is an effective method to handle complex scenes in real-time. But an existing common occlusion culling method, such as hardware occlusion query method, sends objects' data twice to GPU and this causes processing overheads once for occlusion culling test and the other is for rendering. And another existing hardware occlusion culling method, VCBP, can test objects' visibility quickly, but it neither test bounding volume nor return test result to application stage. In this paper, we propose a single pass occlusion culling method which uses temporal and spatial coherency, with effective occlusion culling hardware architecture. In our approach, the hardware performs occlusion culling test rapidly with cache on the rasterization stage where triangles are transformed into fragments. At the same time, hardware sends each primitive's visibility information to application stage. As a result, the application stage reduces data transmission quantity by excluding covered objects using the visibility information on previous frame and hierarchical spatial tree. Our proposed method improved maximum 44%, minimum 14% compared with S&W method based on hardware occlusion query. And the performance is increased 25% and 17% respectively, compared to maximum and minimum performance of CHC method which is based on occlusion culling method.