• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 1968

저자(著者)는 성장(成長) 발육기(發育期)에 있는 한국인(韓國人)의 His' line과 전두기저선(前頭基底線) 안이평면(眼耳平面) 하악평면(下顎平面) 구개평면(口蓋平面)이 이루는 각도적(角度的) 변화(變化)를 관찰(觀察)하기 위하여 정당교합인(正當咬合人) 남(男) 여(女) 195명(名)의 두부방사선규격사진(頭部放射線規格寫眞)을 Hellma의 치령 분류법(齒齡 分類法)에 의(依)하여 분류(分類)하고 계측(計測) 관찰(觀察)하였든바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 성장(成長) 발육기(發育期)에 있어서 전두기저선(前頭基底線)과 His' line이 일정(一定)한 각도(角度) 관계(關係)를 유지한다. 2. His' line은 수평성장축(水平成長軸)으로 생각(生覺)할 수 있다. 3. His' line은 구개평면(口蓋平面)과 대부분(大部分) 일치(一致)하며 남녀(男女)에는 별 차이(差異) 없다. 4. 하악평면(下顎平面)과 His' line이 이루는 각(角)이 심한 것으로 보아 강(强)한 경사도(傾斜度)를 나타내고 있다. 5. 서양인(西洋人)에 비해 하악골(下顎骨)의 후퇴(後退)를 볼 수있다.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.1 s.78
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• pp.1-7
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• 2000

It is important that the orthodontist accurately assess the degree to which facial asymmetry contributes to a given malocclusion before treatment planning. P-A, submentovertex and verticosubmental view have been used in the assessment of facial asymmetry. Among them, submentovertex view is rarely used because it has low reproducibility and is short of normal data and proper analysis method. The purpose of this study was to develop a submentovertex cephalomentrics and obtain normal data in Korean adults. The subjects consisted of 40 normal adults (male : 22, female 18) without the experience of orthodontic treatment. We find the 2 angular and 9 linear measurements. Though submentovertex cephalomentrics has the limitation in comparing the absolute length between right and left, it is useful to examine the relationship of skeletal and dental midline, the shape and location of condyle head and the shape of mandibular body in submentovertex view Therefore, if we understand the limitation of submentovertex cephalomentrics and use lateral , P-A and submentovertex cephalomentrics together, we will measure the location and amount of skeletal disharmony more exactly.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.36 no.2 s.345
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• pp.135-143
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• 1998

Cephalogram is one of the most important tool in researching growth and development of craniofacial area, orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. But its inherent distortion of actual length and angles during projecting three dimensional object to two dimensional plane might cause errors in quantitative analysis of shape and size. three dimensional high quality images can be obtained using computerized tomogram and have reported in literatures. Considering its expenses and amount of exposure to radiation, limitations still remain to be solved in its application to routine practice. construction of three dimensional image using principle of orientator can be obtained by biplanar stereoradiography. Theoretically two images, lateral and P-A can be used to construct three dimensional image provided that those are taken at same time by two different focal spots. As two images(lateral and P-A) obtained by conventional cephalogram have different head posture, those need compensation to construct three dimensional images. This study introduced principle of computerized head posture compensation and showed that conventional cephalogram could be used to construct three dimensional image and could be applied to routine orthodontic practice.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.3 s.62
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• pp.473-479
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• 1997

This author tried to find if the size of the frontal sinus can be used as a diagnostic aid to predict the manldibular growth pattern in growing Patients in lateral cephalogram utilizing the fact the the frontal sinus completes its growth in earlier stage but the mandible continues to grow until later. At this study, the 228 samples were divided into 3 groups as skeletal Class I, II, III malocclusions and three indicies(ANB, APDI, Wits) were measured which indicate the mandibular body length and the antero-posterior relationship of maxilla and mandible to evaluate their relations with frontal sinus. And results were obtained as followings 1. The size of frontal sinus is highly related to ANB, APDI, Wits and mandilar body length.(p<0.001) 2. the size of the frontal sinus of the Cl III malocclusion group was on the lateral cephalogram larger than Cl I and Cl II group.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.337-346
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• 2006

Aims: The present study investigated the relationship between condylar resorption and craniofacial skeleton types(especially vertical relationships), the differences of craniofacial skeleton types between with open bite group and without open bite group, and the associations of anterior disc dislocation with or without reduction to condylar resorption with MRI. Patients selection and methods: Clinical examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), panorama, lateral transcranial and lateral cephalometric radiographs in 34 patients with condylar resorption were used to investigate this relationship. Results and Conclusions: Patients with the following specific facial morphologic characteristics appear to be most susceptible to condylar resorption: (1) females were predominant, (2) patients' age ranged from 12 to 50 years old with a strong predominance for 2nd and 3rd decades, (3) patients had high mandibular plane angle and high gonial angle, (4) patients had decreased vertical height of the ramus, (5) patients had generally significant antegonial notch, (6) patients had predominance of Class I occlusal relationship with or without open bite but mandible was retruded as mean ANB 5.54 degrees, (7) condylar resorption rarely occurs in lower mandibular plane angle facial types, (8) although no statistically significant difference was found, the open bite group had a tendency more hyperdivergent skeletal pattern than the non open bite group, and (9) imaging demonstrates from small resorbing condyles to idiopathic condylar resorption and TMJ articular disc dislocations. Thus, morphologic features of patients with vertical discrepancies may represent a risk factor for the development of condylar resorption.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.164-173
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• 2011

Objective: The purpose of this study was to perform gender-wise analysis of the related cephalometric factors affecting Korean patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: We examined 118 adults who had visited the Sleep Disorder Clinic Center in Keimyung university, Daegu, Korea, and evaluated them by using poly-somnography (PSG) and lateral cephalograms. The patients were divided into 4 groups (male simple snorers, male OSA patients, female simple snorers, and female OSA patients) according to AHI (apnea-hypopnea index) and sex. Results: The position of the hyoid bone in the female OSA group was inferior to that in the female simple snorer group. Multiple regression analysis showed that tongue length and soft palate width were significant determinants for the severity of AHI in male OSA patients. However, inferior position of the hyoid was a significant determinant only in women. Conclusions: From a cephalometric point of view, OSA in male and female adult patients may be characterized by different pathogeneses. In particular, in female OSA patients, they might be managed by individualized treatments such as hormone replacement therapy in addition to conventional treatment.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.252-264
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• 2008

Objective: To aid the development of a frontal image simulating program, we evaluated the soft tissue frontal changes in relationship to movement of hard tissue with orthognathic surgery of facial asymmetry patients. Methods: Preoperative and postoperative frontal cephalograms and frontal view photographs of 45 mandibular surgery patients with facial asymmetry were obtained in a standardized manner. Vertical and horizontal changes of hard tissue and soft tissue were measured from cephalograms and photographs, respectively. Soft tissue change in result to hard tissue change was then analyzed. Results: Both vertical and horizontal correlation analysis showed a weak relationship between the changes. Hard tissue points that were picked for 1 : 1 mean ratio with soft tissue points did not show any significant relevance. For each soft tissue change, regressive equation was formulated by stepwise multiple regression analysis, and the equation for soft tissue Menton was most reliable in predicting changes. Both vertical and horizontal hard tissue changes were used together in prediction of vertical or horizontal soft tissue change. Conclusions: The results suggest that computerized image simulation using regression analysis may be of help for prediction of soft tissue change, while 1:1 mean ratio method is not useful.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.218-225
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• 1993

This is a case report and review of literature that deals with hemifacial microsomia corrected by costochondral graft, Lefort I osteotomy and bilateral intraoral sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Patient, 23 years old female, had visited to treat the esthetic problem due to a deviation of jaw. On the basis of clinical and radiographic examinations, she was diagnosed as hemifacial microsomia. First, costochondral graft was performed to bridge the defect between glenoid fossa and body of mandible. After 11 months, Patient was performed a Lefort I osteotomy and bilateral intraoral sagittal split ramus osteotomy to create a symmetric jaw. Patient was satisfied with final esthetics and there have been no evidence of infection ill now.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.222-232
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aims to investigate if 2D analysis method is applicable to analysis of CBCT by comparing measuring points of CBCT with those of Adjusted 2D Lateral Cephalogram (Adj-Ceph) with magnification adjusted to 100% and finding out at which landmarks the difference in position appear. Materials and methods: CBCT data and Adj-Ceph (100% magnification) data from 50 adult patients have been extracted as research objects, and the horizontal (Y axis) and vertical (Z axis) coordinates of landmarks were compared. Landmarks have been categorized into 4 groups by the position and whether they are bilaterally overlapped. Paired t-test was used to compare differences between Adj-Ceph and CBCT. Results: Significant difference was found at 11 landmarks including Group B (S, Ar, Ba, PNS), Group C (Po, Or, Hinge axis, Go) and Group D (U1RP, U6CP, L6CP) in the horizontal (Y) axis while all the landmarks in vertical (Z) axis showed significant difference (P<.05). As a result of landmark difference analysis, a meaningful difference with more than 1 mm at 13 landmarks were indentifed in the horizontal axis. In the vertical axis, significant difference over 1 mm was detected from every landmark except Sella. Conclusion: Using the conventional lateral cephalometric measurements on CBCT is insufficient. A new 3D analysis or a modified 2D analysis adjusted on 19 landmarks of the vertical axis and 13 of the horizontal axis are needed when implementing CBCT diagnosis.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.453-463
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• 1995

Most commonly used axis for central incisors in lateral cephalometric radiographs is the line connecting root apex and incisor edge. However, crown axis and root axis do not always coincide in cases of malocclusion patients. The angle created by these axis are called the collum angle, which should be considered in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. In this study, 31 Class I malocclusion, 30 Class II division 1 malocclusion, 31 Class II division 2 malocclusion, and 31 Class m malocclusion patients were selected and their collum angles were measured. Correlation between these angles and malocclusions was investigated, and the correlation analysis with other parameters in cephalometrics was done. The results were as follows ; 1. The mean collum angles according to the types of malocclusions are ; $3.11^{\circ}{\pm}3.54^{\circ}$ for Class I, $1.23^{\circ}{\pm}2.41^{\circ}$ for Class II division 1, $3.77^{\circ}{\pm}4.39^{\circ}$ for Class II division 2, and $3.90^{\circ}{\pm}4.08^{\circ}$ for Class III malocclusion. 2. Statistically significant differences in collum angles were noted between Class II division 1 group and Class II division 2 and Class III group. 3. Significant correlations were found between collum angles and other parameters used in cephalometrics, namely IMPA for Class I, Wits for Class II division 1, Overbite for Class II division 2 and for ClassIII.