• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.15-18
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• 2001

아리랑 1호 위성은 EOC 센서를 이용하여 지도제작에 활용될 수 있는 고해상도의 입체영상을 제공하는 기능을 포함하고 있다. 그러나, 기존의 사진측량 도화장비나 대부분의 수치사진측량 시스템에서 아리랑 1호 위성영상을 이용한 도화기능이 제공되고 있지 않으므로, 아리랑 1호 위성영상을 이용한 지도제작은 정사영상에 의한 영상지도 제작으로 국한되어 이루어져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 상용 수치사진측량 시스템 상에서 아리랑 1호의 입체위성영상을 DLT 모델에 적용하여 입체표정을 수행한 후에 도화작업을 시범적으로 실시하였다. 또한 그 결과를 분석함으로써 아리랑 1호 입체영상에 의한 도화원도 제작의 범위와 타당성을 분석하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.43-58
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• 1986

In a mapping, stereo-restitution of an aerial photogrammetric process, of which is a major factor for map-base preparation dominates the accuracy and the reliability of a topographical map. The majority of a map-base preparation has nowadays been carried out by an analogue method ie, by the stereo-plotter. In consequence, it is evident that the skilled, the level of technique and personal attitude of operator have influence upon observational error which relates the accuracy and the quality of a map. This research aims at detection and analysis of operator's carrier and types of stereoplotter. The test is also examined that the level of details and features of terrain would have influence on the accuracy of map. With the results. it is also considered that the field check has impact on map accuracy ; whether the field check prior to restitution or after restitution.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.42
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• pp.7-22
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• 2016

Since the Taoyuanming of Confucius an Arcadia (Taohuayuan), utopia imagined in China has continued to this day. Such utopian imagination has been shaped by a variety of literary texts. These works depict the human desires and frustrations that form the utopian imagination. Typically, an Arcadia (Taohuayuan) has been recognized as a symbol of East Asian utopia. An Arcadia (Taohuayuan) anarchism is the utopian character of this small country, based on sensitization of the Lao strong. An Arcadia (Taohuayuan) world ruling class does not exist. But Confucius thought a utopian world is possible to imagine on the premise of 'Virtuous Policy' (德治). By the late Qing Dynasty (淸末), Kangyouwei (康有爲) had written and presented a utopia realized through the system of the "East-West stand." The literary text on utopia information in continued to experiment with implementation of the 'imagined' in the literature as "reality" of everyday life, immediately following the 1911 revolution in the People's Republic of China. As an Avant garde writer, Gefei's "Renmiantaohua" was influenced by the reflexive nature of the report on the point of the experiment. Gefei's "Renmiantaohua" has been rated as an outstanding work depicting the implementation process and the frustration of the utopian imagination. He is an inspiration to vanguard artists who focus on the desire and the frustration of the utopian imagination through the "Renmiantaohua" myths and stories that are comparable to the Sijipuseu story, which in itself perpetuates utopia in literature. In this paper, we explored the trails to implementation of a utopian imagination that has persisted since the ancient Chinese in current literary text. An Arcadia (Taohuayuan) of Confucius and Taoyuanming accompanied Gefei in the 21st century in describing the process of desire and frustration to realize utopia through a variety of traditional shape figures among other favorites. The author interprets those frustrations and desires of the human life course as just utopian imagination.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.441-448
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• 2011

Lately, digital restitution was became common using digital aerial photos. Therefore, we can obtain three-dimensional data. As a plotting-maker is checked by naked eye, plotting original data is very useful for making reliable three-dimensional data including contour and elevation point layers. In this study, we want to make precise and accurate digital elevation model using plotting original data. Contour and elevation point layers was extracted in digital map and break line was extracted in plotting original data. And then, compared both of results. For comparison, we selected slight slope and complex topography area like a residence area, mountain and agricultural land. We extracted break line deleting layer until obtaining ideal digital elevation model. As the results, We could extract contour, elevation points, eight road and two boundary layers using break lines. And We could obtain precise elevation model. Editing break lines, the distortion of digital elevation model could be minimized in the complex and sharp slope area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.239-247
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• 2007

The 3D spatial information projects have been processed and utilized in varied fields. However, the research of the 3D digital map for a role of national base map is not enough. The draft maps, which are raw data for generating 2D digital map, shows problems in generating 3D digital map. The objective of this research is to develop 3D digital map editing system for modifying and editing of 3D digital map from 2D vector and raster information such as a draft map, 2D digital map, DEM, aerial photo and so forth. This 3D digital map editing system was designed to include data structure of geometric and attribute object under provision of ISO/TC211 and OGC standard. This system was developed to implement the function of 3D stereo editing based on stereo viewing, 3D view editing based on projective, and 3D spatial operation. Using this system, 3D digital maps were able to be successfully produced from not only existing draft maps but also modified or edited draft maps and then application results were compared and analyzed.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.13 no.1 s.32
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• pp.31-41
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• 2005

In order to carry out aerial photogrammetry using GPS/INS, it is necessary to apply exterior orientation parameters, obtained while making a photo, to the editing process. It should be noted that the verification process of aerial mapping result is the most crucial process at the GPS/INS based digital photogrammetry. To this end, this study has compared the mapping result by the ways of AT results, plotter, and orientation, which is from basis of the Analytical raw map produced by the existing AT results. When comparing the horizontal and vertical accuracy of the analytical mapping with that of digital restitution, it could be found that the latter is more accurate than that of the former. In addition, it was reveled that the horizontal error was bigger than that of vertical one. Even though the accuracy of the GPS/INS based AT Direct orientation was three times poorer than the of indirect one, it was recognized that the photogrammetry process was effectively performed in the application of scale 1:5000 mapping with satisfying the allowance errors.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.15 no.2 s.40
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• pp.3-14
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• 2007

This study proposes an automatic method to generate 3D building models using a draft map, which is an intermediate product generated during the map generation process based on aerial photos. The proposed method is to generate a terrain model, roof models, and wall models sequentially from the limited 3D information extracted from an existing draft map. Based on the planar fitting error of the roof corner points, the roof model is generated as a single planar facet or a multiple planar structure. The first type is derived using a robust estimation method while the second type is constructed through segmentation and merging based on a triangular irregular network. Each edge of this roof model is then projected to the terrain model to create a wall facet. The experimental results from its application to real data indicates that the building models of various shapes in wide areas are successfully generated. The proposed method is evaluated to be an cost and time effective method since it utilizes the existing data.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.03a
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• pp.59-64
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• 2002

컴퓨터 그래픽스 기술과 H/W의 발달로 3D GIS에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 최근 3D GIS에 대한 활발한 연구 중 3D 가상도시의 구축이 중요한 연구로 떠오르고 있다. 3D 가상도시는 국방, 교통, 통신, 지적, 지하시설물, 관광, 도시계획, 도시모델링 등에 다양하게 활용될 수 있다. 현재 우리나라에서 3D 가상도시의 구축은 미약하지만 앞으로 그 수요는 더욱 더 많아질 것이다. 3D 가상도시의 구축에는 GIS, 컴퓨터 그래픽스, Database, 자료구조, 3D 모델링 등의 다양한 기술이 필요하다. 3D 가상도시의 구축의 방법은 크게 1/1,000수치지도+실제측량, 1/1,000수치지도+입체 인공위성 영상+수치사진측량, 1/1,000수치지도+항공사진측량 도화원도, 1/1,000수치지도+항공레이저스캐닝의 방법을 적용해 볼 수 있다. 현재 우리나라 여건상 첫 번째 방법이 가장 일반적으로 사용이 되나 도화원도에 대한 규제를 완화하여 세 번째 방법을 적용하는 것이 가장 효과적일 것이다. 3D 가상도시는 인터넷 기술과 접목이 되어 3D Web GIS의 형태로 앞으로의 GIS 주류를 이룰 것이다. 그러나 국내에서 3D 가상도시의 구축에 관한 연구는 미약한 수준이다. 3D 자료취득, 자료처리, 모델링 부문에 대한 연구가 시급하다.

• Magazine of korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.66-72
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• 2019

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 2020

Vectorization is currently the main method in feature collection (extraction) during digital mapping using UAV-Photogrammetry. However, this method is time consuming and prone to gross elevation errors when extracted from a DSM (Digital Surface Model), because three-dimensional feature coordinates are vectorized separately: plane information from an orthophoto and height from a DSM. Consequently, the demand for stereo plotting method capable of acquiring three- dimensional spatial information simultaneously is increasing. However, this method requires an expensive equipment, a Digital Photogrammetry Workstation (DPW), and the technology itself is still incomplete. In this paper, we evaluated the accuracy of low-cost stereo plotting system, Menci's StereoCAD, by analyzing its three-dimensional spatial information acquisition. Images were taken with a FC 6310 camera mounted on a Phantom4 pro at a 90 m altitude with a Ground Sample Distance (GSD) of 3 cm. The accuracy analysis was performed by comparing differences in coordinates between the results from the ground survey and the stereo plotting at check points, and also at the corner points by layers. The results showed that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) at check points was 0.048 m for horizontal and 0.078 m for vertical coordinates, respectively, and for different layers, it ranged from 0.104 m to 0.127 m for horizontal and 0.086 m to 0.092 m for vertical coordinates, respectively. In conclusion, the results showed 1: 1,000 digital topographic map can be generated using a stereo plotting system with UAV images.