• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.33-41
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• 2013

Recently, the number of disasters has been seriously increasing. The total damages by the natural or man-made disasters during the past years resulted in tremendous fatalities and recovery costs. It is necessary to have efficient emergency evacuation management which is concerned with identifying evacuation route, and the estimation of evacuation and clearance times. An emergency evacuation model is important in identifying critical locations, and developing various evacuation strategies. In that existing evacuation models have focused on route analysis for indoor evacuation, there are only a few models for areawide emergency evacuation analysis. Therefore, we developed a mesoscopic model by using Cube Avenue and performed evacuation simulation, targeting road network in City of Fargo, North Dakota. Consequently, a mesoscopic model developed in this study is used to carry out dynamic analysis using network and input variable of existing travel demand model. The results of this study show that the model is an appropriate tool for areawide emergency evacuation analysis to save time and cost. Henceforth, the results of this study can be applied to develop a disaster evacuation model which can be used for a variety of disaster simulation and evaluation based on scenarios in the local metropolitan area.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.129-139
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• 2009

The transportation network is a critical infrastructure in the event of natural and human caused disasters such as rainfall, snowfall, and terror and so on. Particularly, the transportation network in an urban area where a large number of population live is subject to be negatively affected from such events. Therefore, efficient traffic operation plans are required to assist rapid evacuation and effective detour of vehicles on the network as soon as possible. Recently, ubiquitous communication and sensor network technology is very useful to improve data collection and connection related emergency information. In this study, we develop a specific algorithm to provide evacuation route and detour information only for vehicles under emergency situations. Our algorithm is based on shortest path search technique and dynamic traffic assignment. We perform the case study to evaluate model performance applying hypothetical scenarios involved terror. Results show that the model successfully describe effective path for each vehicle under emergency situation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.39-40
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• 2019

우리나라는 국제해사기구(IMO)에 "여객선 탈출지도체계의 기술개발에 관한 정보"라는 안건(IMO SSE4/INF2)을 2017년에 제출한 바 있다. 이 의제에 소개된 지능형 선박 및 인명대피 안내시스템(SEGA)은 한국해양과학기술원의 주관으로 한국해양수산부의 지원을 받아 2016년부터 2020년 3월까지 약 4년간의 프로젝트로 개발 중에 있다. SEGA는 데이터 수집과 분석, 정보 표시의 프로세스를 자동화하여 우리나라 연안에서 항해 중인 선박에 비상상황이 발생할 경우 항해자의 의사결정을 지원하는 시스템이다. SEGA 시스템을 지원하기 위해 구축된 SEGA 서버와 데이터베이스는 해양기상정보, 수심정보, 해상교통정보를 처리 한다. 또한 비상상황 시 2차 사고를 방지하기 위해 선박이 대피 할 수 있는 장소에 대한 정보를 사용자가 확인할 수 있도록 알고리즘이 설계되어 있다. 인명안전을 위해 SEGA는 비상상황 시 선박내부 구조정보와 화재 등 변수사항들을 고려하여 승객들에게 빠른 탈출을 위한 최적대피경로를 제공하며, 원격탐사기술을 이용하여 선박주변의 익수자를 탐지하도록 개발 중에 있다. 보다 상세한 내용은 항해항만학회 VTS 특별세션에서 발표할 예정이다.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.422-441
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• 2017

Notifying emergency evacuation methods, accurate disaster location and evacuation route guidance can be very active alternatives to quickly minimize evacuation and casualties in disaster situation in the development of subway disaster prevention detection system that detects the disaster signs at the subway station early on the basis of Internet of things and leads passengers to evacuate. It's not easy to ensure perfect functioning of fire fighting facilities and equipments due to underground space structure with narrow exits. Therefore, we developed disaster provision EL Display integrated board that can induce the most efficient evacuation and the field experiment was conducted to examine the practical application in this study. Especially the applicability was verified by field application test because there is no case in which EL panels are used to evacuate disasters.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.257-266
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• 2015

This study introduce that we studied optimization and possibility of smoke spread prevention with air-curtain system in undersea tunnel named from Ho-Nam to Jeju line in domestic if a fire break out in train. To verify performance, air-curtain system is installed between rescue station platform and each door of passenger car to provide safety route to evacuator and we studied simulation model of various cases about 15 MW fire severity considering domestic specifications. As a result we verified the fact that CASE1(air jet with 15degree toward passenger car) and CASE 5 (air jet with 15degree toward passenger car and pressure air blast from cross passage) is best Smoke Spread Prevention and less inflow carbon monoxide. Through above results, we expect that air-curtain system is one of the facilities for fire safety and provide us safety platform route in undersea tunnel.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2016

This paper introduces 'EgresSIM', which is microscopic evacuation simulation software. EgresSIM developed in this paper is a three-dimensional (3D) pedestrian evacuation simulator based on the improved model advanced from the floor field model(FFM), a microscopic pedestrian model. This software can simulate large size buildings that consist of a number of floors, stairs, rooms, and exit doors. Moreover, this software can arrange several hundreds or thousands of pedestrians in indoor space and check their movements through the 3D viewer in real time, as well as produce detailed results about evacuation situations such as which paths are employed by individual pedestrians, how long does it takes to evacuate, and how many evacuees are gathered at each of the exit doors. Building data needed in the simulation are constructed as XML files according to pre-defined indoor data models and information of simulation results is also created as XML log files. A moving pattern of pedestrians can be represented in many ways by adjusting the sensitivity parameters of two walk models supported by EgresSIM. Thus, evacuation simulation can be done based on many assumptions of situations such as movement to the nearest exit door or blackout after outage.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.1547-1554
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• 2008

This paper proposes a fire shunt guidance system model based on rule, it presents suitable shunt route in real-time according to collected fire information of the building inside using wireless sensor networks. So, this system model is composed of the sensor alert module, the behavior suggestion module, and the emergency device control module. The sensor alert module uses rule-base algorithm that monitored the information to collect periodically in wireless sensor networks. And, the behavior suggestion module proposed a suitable behavior, this module supports to judge the fire area with danger sensor list. Additional, the emergency device control module controls a related emergency device according to the suggested behavior and to present on a control screen. We experiment the fire shunt guidance system based on Internet Web for operation verification of the proposed system. Consequently, this study supports people safety with the behavior suggestion according to the context information when an emergency situation happens.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.107-114
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• 2011

The building infrastructures such as high-rise buildings, shopping malls, exhibition centers, etc. are becoming larger in magnitude and more complex in complexity. Considering a large number of tenants and visitors are staying in these facilities, it is upper most important to keep those in safe from fire outbreak. In this paper, a u-Disaster Prevention System has been presented to provide effective fire evacuation when fire breaks out in building infrastructures. The ubiquitous sensor network (USN) technology was applied to detect heat and smoke from fire outbreak. The information then is transmitted wirelessly to a host computer. The tenants and visitors residing in the facility can evacuate following the instruction that is displayed in LED sign boards of the u-Disaster Prevention System. A case study shows that the ubiquitous environment can help people evacuate faster in time, shorter in distance with the assistance of the u-Disaster Prevention System.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1474-1480
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• 2018

When fires occur in high-rise buildings, it is difficult to determine whether each escape route is safe because of complex structure. Therefore, it is necessary to provide residents with escape routes quickly after determining their safety. We propose a method to measure the visibility of the escape route due to the smoke generated in the fire by analyzing the images. The visibility can be easily measured if the density of smoke detected in the input image is known. However, this approach is difficult to use because there are no suitable methods for measuring smoke density. In this paper, we use principal component analysis by extracting a background image from input images and making it training data. Background images and smoke images are extracted from images given as inputs, and then the learned principal component analysis is applied to map of as a new feature space, and the change is calculated and the visibility due to the smoke is measured.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.361-370
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• 2009

As the increasing interests of spatial information for different application area such as disaster management, there are many researches and development of indoor spatial data models and real-time evacuation management systems. The application requires to determine and optical paths in emergency situation, to support evacuees and rescuers. The optimal path in this study is defined to guide rescuers, So, the path is from entrance to the disaster site (room), not from rooms to entrances in the building. In this study, we propose a time-dependent optimal routing algorithm to develop real-time evacuation systems. The network data that represents navigable spaces in building is used for routing the optimal path. Associated information about environment (for example, number of evacuees or rescuers, capacity of hallways and rooms, type of rooms and so on) is assigned to nodes and edges in the network. The time-dependent optimal path is defined after concerning environmental information on the positions of evacuees (for avoiding places jammed with evacuees) and rescuer at each time slot. To detect the positions of human beings in a building per time period, we use the results of evacuation simulation system to identify the movement patterns of human beings in the emergency situation. We use the simulation data of five or ten seconds time interval, to determine the optimal route for rescuers.