• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.901-916
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate natural plant extracts for methane gas reduction in ruminants. Rumen fluid was collected from cannulated Hanwoo cow ($450{\pm}30kg$) consuming 400 g/kg concentrate and 600 g/kg timothy. The 15 ml of mixture comparing McDougall's buffer and rumen fluid in the ratio 2 to 1, was dispensed anaerobically into 50 ml serum bottles. Rumen fluid contents were collected and in vitro fermentation prepared control (timothy, 300 mg), ginseng, balloon flower, yucca plant, camellia, tea plant and ogapi extracts were added at the level of 5% against 300 mg of timothy as a substrate (v/w) and incubated for 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. In vitro pH values range 6.55~7.41, this range include rumen titration. The dry matter digestibility was not differ between all treatments and control. Total gas emission was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ginseng and balloon flower treatments on 24 h than in control. Carbon dioxide emission was not differ all treatments on 9 h than in control and significantly higher (p<0.05) yucca plant, camellia and tea plant treatments on 12 h than control. Methane emission was not differ all treatments on 6 h than in control. The rumen microbial growth rate was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ginseng, balloon flower on 12 h and significantly higher (p<0.05) in ginseng, yucca plant, tea plant and ogapi treatments on 24 h than in control. Total VFA was significantly higher (p<0.05) in tea plant and ogapi treatments on 12 h than in control and significantly higher (p<0.05) in ginseng, balloon flower treatments on 48 h than in control. Acetic acid was significantly lower (p<0.05) in ginseng and balloon flower treatments on 24 h than in control. Propionic acid was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ginseng and balloon flower treatments on 48 h than in control. As a results, sixth natural plant extracts had no significant effect dry matter digestibility and negative on rumen fermentation, but not effect methane reduction.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.146-148
• /
• 2001

In order to investigate the inhibitory effects on the type IV allergy reaction of the hot water extracts (10 mg/20 g body weight) from medicinal herbs (Flos magnoliae, Poncirus trifoliata, Bupleurum falcatum, Scutellaria baicalensis, Schisandra chinensis), delayed type hypersensitivity by 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene (DNFB) was measured. Scutellaria baicalensis, Schisandra chinensis and Poncirus trifoliata showed inhibitory effects on the delayed type hypersensitivity by DNFB in the 1'st and 2'nd sensitized mice, but Flos magnoliae showed valuable changes only in the 2'nd sensitized mice. Inhibitory effect of Bupleurum falcatum had no statistical significance (p>0.05). According to above results, Scutellaria baicalensis, Schisandra chinensis and Poncirus trifoliata are supposed to be effective as anti-delayed type allergic regimen.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2006.02a
• /
• pp.239-244
• /
• 2006

충청북도 영동 지역에 분포하는 영동층군은 옥천변성대에 있는 소규모 퇴적분지중의 하나이다. 영동층군의 지질과 고생물에 관한 연구는 옥천변성대의 조구조운동과 관련한 퇴적분지 발달 규명과 아울러 경상분지와의 상호대비가 가능케 함으로써 이 시기의 한반도의 지질을 이해하는데 있어 매우 중요한 정보를 제공해 줄 수 있다(김규봉 등, 1986). 영동층군의 층서고생물학적 연구는 김규봉 등(1986), 전희영 등(1993), 최성자 등(1995)등의 연구가 있다. Shimamura (1927)는 영동층군에서 케이로레피드과(Cherolepidiaceae)에 속하는 식물화석의 산출을 처음 보고하였다. 이후 전희영 등(1993), 최성자 등(1995)이 영동층군에서 케이로레피드과에 속하는 식물화석을 다시 보고함으로써 영동층군에서 식물화석이 많이 산출될 가능성이 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 식물화석의 연구에 중점을 두고 야외지질조사를 통하여 영동층군의 기존 화석산지와 새로운 화석산지로부터 많은 식물 화석을 채집하였다. 식물 화석은 모두 인상화석으로 보존되었으며 세일층의 층리면에 평행하게 밀집된 상태로 나타나지만 대부분 파편상으로 나타난다. 식물화석은 고환경이나 고생태에 대한 중요한 단서를 제공하고 과거의 기후를 알려주는 중요한 지시자로 사용되고 있다. 특히 케이로레피드과의 식물은 백악기의 대표적인 고기후의 지시자로서 잘 알려져 있다. 케이로레피드과의 식물은 분류상 구과류에 속하며 백악기에 걸쳐 세계적인 분포를 보이고 있는 화석이다. 본 연구는 영동층군에서 산출된 구과류 화석을 대상으로 고생물학적 연구를 수행하여 산출화석의 특징을 기재하고 체계적으로 분류함으로써 산출화석의 고식물학적 의미를 밝히고자 하였다. 또한 산출 화석의 특징과 지질학적 특징을 통해 중생대 백악기 영동지역의 고기후를 해석함으로써 고기후적 및 고생태학적 의미를 연구해 보고자 하였다.에서는 시스템 등급에 영향을 준다. 향후에는 더욱 더 다양한 상호의존 모델들이 정량화될 필요성이 있다고 본다. 진행하였다. 줄여서 보다 더 정확하고, 지능적인 규칙구성요소 추출 방법론을 제시하고 구현하여 지식관리자의 규칙습득에 대한 부담을 줄여 주고자 한다. 도움을 받을 수 있게 되었다.을 거치도록 되어있다. 교통주제도는 국가의 교통정책결정과 관련분야의 기초자료로서 다양하게 활용되고 있으며, 특히 ITS 노드/링크 기본지도로 활용되는 등 교통 분야의 중요한 지리정보로서 구축되고 있다..20{\pm}0.37L$, 72시간에 $1.33{\pm}0.33L$로 유의한 차이를 보였으므로(F=6.153, P=0.004), 술 후 폐환기능 회복에 효과가 있다. 4) 실험군과 대조군의 수술 후 노력성 폐활량은 수술 후 72시간에서 실험군이 $1.90{\pm}0.61L$, 대조군이 $1.51{\pm}0.38L$로 유의한 차이를 보였다(t=2.620, P=0.013). 5) 실험군과 대조군의 수술 후 일초 노력성 호기량은 수술 후 24시간에서 $1.33{\pm}0.56L,\;1.00{\ge}0.28L$로 유의한 차이를 보였고(t=2.530, P=0.017), 술 후 72시간에서 $1.72{\pm}0.65L,\;1.33{\pm}0.3L$로 유의한 차이를 보였다(t=2.540, P=0.016). 6) 대상자의 술 후 폐환기능에 영향을 미치는 요인은 성별로 나타났다. 이에 따른 폐환기능의 차이를 보면, 실험군의 술 후 노력성 폐활량이 48시간에 남자($1.78{\pm}0.61L$)가 여자($1.27{\pm}0.45L$)보다 더 높게 나타났으며 (t=2.170, P=0.042), 72시간에도 역시 남자($2.1

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.641-647
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to select native ground cover plants for sod culture in an organic apple orchard by estimating the effect of three native ground cover plants, Glechoma hederacea, Thymus magnus, and Ixeris stolonifera, on the soil coverage, time-periodic weed occurrence, fruit characteristics, and soil chemical properties. The plant height of G. hederace, T. magnus and I. stolonifera were 15.0 ㎝, 13.4 ㎝ and 7.2 ㎝, respectively. The dry weight of G. hederace, T. magnus and I. stolonifera were 463 ㎏/10a, 247 ㎏/10a, and 255 ㎏/10a, respectively. The plant height and dry weight of G. hederacea were higher than in the other species. T. magnus and I. stolonifera having relatively lower soil cover rate during their life cycle produced a lot of weeds in the orchard as compared with the control. In contrast, G. hederacea showed 100 percentage of ground cover in the first year, and maintained high percentage of ground cover in the growing season of ‘Tsugaru’ apple for another 2 years. When the soil was covered with G. hederacea in the orchard for 3 years, the amount of weed was only 114 ㎏/10a and number of weeding was also reduced about 33% compared with control as well as the other species. There were no differences in the tree growth and fruit characteristics between the native ground cover plants and the control; however, positive effects of native ground cover plants on soil chemical properties were found. In G. hederacea, available P₂O₄content in soils remarkably increased and was a significant difference among native species. In addition, cation (Ca, Mg and K) content in soils increased by 39% in Ca, 6% in Mg, and 11% in K at G. hederacea compared with control. These results suggest that G. hederacea could be advantageous in terms of reducing the amount of herbicide applied and the labor required for weed control, and controlling soil chemical properties; therefore, it is a good candidate for sod culture in an organic apple orchard.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.315-320
• /
• 2002

Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with cadmium was studied using Indian mallow (Abutilon avicennae) in columns packed with 80 mg Cd/kg soil. At 90 days after transplat, root biomass of the exposed plants was 4 times more inhibited compared to the control. Also, shoot length of the exposed plants was 3 times more inhibited than that of control plants. Accumulation of cadmium into tissues was in the order roots> stems> leaves during the 50 days, but the order was roots> stems> seeds> leaves during the 90 days after transplant. Regardless of cadmium contaminations, microbial activities were significantly greater in soil with plants than without plants. In soil column, cadmium was not transferred toward the lower part. Uptake of Cd by plant tissues was about 3.5% of the initial bioavailable cadmium for leaves, stems, and roots during the 90 days after transplant.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.177-182
• /
• 1999

A fungal infection assay between normal and transgenic potato harboring chitinase gene in cultivar Belchip was investigated. In the first stage of experiment, seven transgenic lines having 12cm tall were tested for their resistance against potato late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans by infection with the zoospores, artificially, Susceptibility to potato late blight infection could be classified into three types based on the rate. In terms of resistance to the disease, two lines were higher, two lines were more suppressive, and three lines were similar as compared with the control. In the following experiment, only 2 risistant lines and 1 suppressed line were used to confirm the resistance again. The results of both experiments were similar. Furthermore, two highly resistant transgenic lines grown in field exhibited a higher resistance than control under the conditions of natural ocurrence of the fungal disease.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.312-318
• /
• 1998

The object of this study was to investigate the effects of the feeding mixed with powders and extracts of Platycodon grandiflorum (4 or 22 years) on the lipid metabolism of liver in rats. After cholesterol-feorats of Sprague-Dawley strain were fed 5% level of frozen powder, fiber, saponin and ethanol extract for 3 weeks, the activity of enzymes related to liver function, liver tissue and lipid components of liver were examined. The activity of enzymes was significantly lower in the P. grandiflorum powder diet group than in control. The concentration of total cholesterol in liver was rather lower in powder and fiber diet group of each P. grandiflorum than in the other experimental groups, and triglyceride concentration was rather lower in all experimental groups than in the control group, while phospholipid was not significant. On observing through electromicroscope of liver tissue, there was showed to increase fat droplet in control group, but decrease fat droplet in all experimental groups, and glycogen was found to accumulate in rats fed twenty-two years P. grandiflorum.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.126-129
• /
• 2006

Effects of Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen stapf. ext. on lipidlowering and serum glucose were investigated in hyperlipidemic rat. Concentration of glucose and triglyceride in plasma showed a tendence to decrease in Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen stapf. ext. groups. However the values of 100mg/kg treatment group showed no significant difference in control group. Plasma total cholesterol and LDL-chol. showed a low values than those of control group. However HDL-chol. showed no significant difference in all treatment groups, Concentration of liver total cho. and triglyceride showed a tendence to decrease in Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen stapf. ext. groups. Concentration of plasma and liver TBARS showed a low values in Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen stapf. ext. groups. The values of GSH-Px, SOD and CAT activity showed a tendence to increase in the Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen stapf. ext. groups.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
• /
• 2005.12a
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2005

1. 버섯폐배지로 생산된 분립의 첨가시 벼의 생육에 미치는 영향 2) 육묘용 pot 바닥의 분립무처리구에서 추정벼는 4%-6% 혼합비율에서 식물체의 생육이 양호하였다. 3) 육묘용 pot 바닥의 분립처리구에서는 추정벼가 대조구(0%) 혼합비율에서 식물체의 생육이 양호하였다. 4) 이상의 결과로부터 육묘용 상토에 분립 4%-6%를 첨가하는 것이 식물체의 생육을 촉진시켰다고 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.383-386
• /
• 2012

Streptomyces spp. were isolated from rhizosphere in fallow lands. The Streptomyces spp. were identified as Streptomyces griseus (MSS181), Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus (MSS269), Streptomyces microflavus (MSS275), Streptomyces herbaricolor (MSS276) based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Afterwards, cucumber, pepper, tobacco and tomato were drenched with the isolates at early growth stages and plant growth such as height and dry weight of plants was measured. By treatment of Streptomyce spp., plant height of cucumber was increased by 16-29% compared to the control, But there were no statistically significant differences in dry weight. When the same isolates were treated on chili-pepper, plant height and dry weight of chili-pepper were increased respectively by 10-19% and 19-25% compared to the control. The dry weight of tobacco and tomato were increased by 44-73% and 65-165%, respectively compared to the control. When antifungal activities of the isolates were tested against plant pathogenic fungi, Streptomyces microflavus (MSS275) effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.