• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.303-333
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• 2014

The right to self-determination in regard to one's body is a key element of human dignity, privacy and freedom. It is constitutionally enshrined in the guarantee of human dignity, in the general right of personality and, most concretely of all, in the right to physical integrity. In principle No-one may trespass another person's body against his will, whether this act improves his physical condition or not. This right of self-determination applies equally to healthy and to sick people. Hence everyone has the right either to permit or to refuse a medical treatment, unless he can not make a rational decision. If the person does not consent himself, for whatever reason, another one must do for him as guardian. Representation in consent to medical treatment is therefore the exception of self-determination rule. This article explored, 1. who can consent to the medical treatment in the case of the mentally incapacitated adult and the infant, 2. what kind of consent to the medical treatment can the deputy determinate for the mentally incapacitated adult and the infant, 3. when the deputy can not determinate without permission of the court, and 4. what can the doctor do in the case of conflict between minors and guardians.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.1949-1952
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• 2003

실생황에서 권한의 위임을 동한 대리 서명 기법들이 최근 많이 연구되고 있다. 대리서명은 원서명자가 그의 서명 권한을 대리서명자에게 위임하여 대리서명자가 원서명자를 대신해서 서명을 생성하는 것을 말한다. 이러한 대리서명을 온라인 상에서 사용하기 위해서는 위임자의 권한 위임장이 위 변조와 오남용의 위험으로부터 안전하게 보호되어야 한다. 또한 대리서명의 수행을 위해서는 원서명자의 위임에 대한 정보가 명확해야 한다. 대리서명의 기본적인 방법은 원서명자가 위임 정보에 대한 서명을 생성하고 이를 위임자에게 전달하여 위임자가 위임키로서 사용하게 하는 것이다. 위임키쌍이 위임 정보에 기반한 원서명자의 서명으로부터 생성되기 때문에 어떠한 검증절차에서도 원서명자의 동의를 확인 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 원서명자와 대리서명자가 기존의 인증서를 발급 받은 환경에서 원서명자가 대리서명자에 대하여 검증자에게 위임정보를 등록하는 프로토콜을 제안한다. 위임내용에 대해 원서명자가 전자서명을 하고 검증자는 이에 해당하는 내용을 검증한 후 위임서명자에 대한 권한 기간 등의 제약사항을 설정한다. 이후 위임서명자는 위임내용에 대해 고지를 받고 허가된 범위 내에서 위임 서명을 한다. 마지막으로 본 논문에서는 기존의 방법들과 비교 분석하여 제안하는 위임 등륵 프로토콜에 대한 효율성을 제시한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 2011

Proxy signature schemes are configured as proxy signers on behalf of their original signers can be allowed to sign messages. Basic security requirements of proxy signature schemes include the strong unforgeability and the verifiability of delegation. So far, a variety of proxy signature schemes that proved on individual basic security terms but not proved on compounded security terms are proposed. Especially the proposed proxy signature schemes based on RSA problem are proved vulnerable to an attacker with his own private key in terms of the impersonating attack. A unauthorized attacker can generate the proxy signature without the appointee's consent or authorization. In this paper, we propose a proxy signature scheme based on RSA problems and warrants that can be proved the security against the impersonating attack. The proposed proxy signature scheme is analyzed on the safety and compared in terms of efficiency with other proxy signature schemes.

• Digital Contents
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• no.8 s.99
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• pp.56-60
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• 2001

인터넷에서 아동을 대상으로 하는 웹사이트들이 이벤트나 광고를 통하여 아동 및 그 법정대리인 등의 개인정보를 지나치게 많이 요구하는 경우가 많고 아동들은 그에 대한 분별력이 적어서 해당 사이트를 빨리 이용하고자 하거나 상품 등을 받고자 하는 욕구에 분별 없이 자신의 개인정보는 물론 가족들, 친구들의 개인정보를 제공하게 된다. 그러나 14세 미만의 아동으로부터 개인정보를 수집하는 경우 법정대리인의 동의를 받도록 하고, 이용 또는 제3자 제공에 대한 동의권, 동의철회권, 열람청구권 및 정정요구권을 부여하고 있다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.17-32
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• 2020

This study analyzes the regulatory issues of stakeholders, the firm, the government, and the individual, in the data industry using the principal-agent theory. While the importance of data driven economy is increasing rapidly, policy regulations and restrictions to use data impede the growth of data industry. We applied descriptive case analysis methodology using principal-agent theory. From our analysis, we found several meaningful results. First, key policy actors in data industry are data firms and the government among stakeholders. Second, two major concerns are that firms frequently invade personal privacy and the global companies obtain monopolistic power in data industry. This paper finally suggests policy and strategy in response to regulatory issues. The government should activate the domestic agent system for the supervision of global companies and increase data protection. Companies need to address discriminatory regulatory environments and expand legal data usage standards. Finally, individuals must embody an active behavior of consent.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2020

영상을 이용하여 하천유속과 유량을 측정하는 방법은 신속하고 간결하게 유속을 측정할 수 있는 방법으로 주목을 받고 있다. 또한 새로운 기술인 드론을 활용하여 하천의 유속과 유량을 측정하는 방법도 다양하게 시도되고 있다. 본 연구는 드론을 정지영상과 동영상을 이용하여 별도의 측량이나 복잡한 과정없이도 하천의 유속분포를 추정할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 이 때, 중소하천의 유속 측정에 보다 쉽게 활용할 수 있도록 카메라 보정을 통한 카메라 내부변수 획득과 정지영상에 수록된 드론의 위치와 자세에 대한 EXIF 자료를 이용하는 방안, 약간의 흔들림이 있는 영상에서도 유속을 추정하는 방안을 제안하였다. 먼저, 드론의 카메라 보정을 위한 프로그램을 작성하고, 카메라의 내부 변수를 추정하였다. 드론의 위치와 자세에 대한 정보는 정지영상(JPG 파일)에 수록된 EXIF 정보를 이용하여 드론의 위치(GPS)와 자세(자이로스코프)를 알아내었다. 이를 이용하여 현장의 참조점에 대한 위치 정보를 확인하고, 또 수면촬영을 위한 정지비행시의 카메라의 대략의 위치와 자세 정보를 확인하였다. 이 자료들은 실제 유속측정에 이용하는 동영상에서 나타나는 참조점의 위치 정보를 결정하기 위한 것이다. 그리고 연이어 촬영된 동영상에서 시공간영상분석법으로 측정 단면의 유속분포를 분석하였다. 이 때, 동영상 내에 있는 약간의 흔들림은 FFT 분석으로 적절히 보완할 수 있다. 개발된 방법을 밀양강의 단장천 대리 수위표 지점 인근에서 시험한 결과 기존의 유속계로 측정한 방법과 상당히 근사한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.37-80
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• 2022

By analyzing informed consent and the refusal of emergency medical treatment (called patient dumping) under the current Emergency Medical Service Act, this study suggests that an emergency medical professional is only liable for patient dumping if their duty to protect the patient's life takes precedence over the patient's right to self-determination. In emergency medical situations, as in general medical situations, medical treatment should be performed after the emergency medical professional informs the patient about the medical treatment, including its necessity and methods, and obtains consent from the patient. Refusing or evading the performance of emergency medical services on the excuse of the informed consent not considering a waiver or alteration of informed consent requirements without reasonable reasons violates the Emergency Medical Service Act and thus makes an emergency medical professional liable to administrative disposition or criminal penalty. In other words, depending on the existence of a waiver of alteration of the informed consent, patient dumping may be established. If the patient is a minor or has no decision-making ability, and their legal representative makes a decision against the patient's medical interests, the opinion of the legal representative is not unconditionally respected. A minor also has the right to decide over their body, and the decisions of their legal representatives should be in the patient's best interests. If the patient refuses treatment, in principle, the obligation of life protection of emergency medical professionals is the top priority. However, making these decisions in the aforementioned situations in the emergency medical field is difficult because of the absence of explicit regulations regarding these exceptional problems. This study aims to organize the following precedents of the Supreme Court of Korea. The court states that, when balancing the conflicting interests between the duty to provide emergency medical service and the duty to inform is unavoidable for emergency medical professionals, they should put the duty to protect the patient's life ahead of the duty to inform if the patient's life matters. Exceptionally, when a patient has seriously considered whether they should receive treatment before the emergency medical situation, their right to self-determination can be considered equal to the obligation of emergency medical professionals to provide emergency medical treatment. This research also suggests that an amendment of the Emergency Medical Service Act should include the following. First, the criteria for determining the decision-making ability of emergency patients should consist of medical content. Second, additional consent from a medical professional is unnecessary for first-aid treatment. Finally, new provisions for emergency medical obligations for minors, new provisions for the decision standard when there are conflicting opinions about the treatment of a patient, and new penalty provisions for professionals who suspend emergency medical examinations and treatments need to be established.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2023

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the concurrent validity of the self- and proxy-report versions of the KIDSCREEN-10 quality of life questionnaire. Methods : A total of nine children and nine parents were selected to represent a cohort registered for a school-based wellness program. Two versions of the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire (self- and proxy reports) were administered to the children and their parents. The Rasch rating scale model was applied to determine the dimensionality and item difficulty of the two versions of the questionnaire. Moreover, the item-person matching map and Spearman's rho were compared to confirm the concurrent validity of the two versions. Results : All items, except four items (i.e., autonomy, home life, concentration/learning, and peers/social support), fit the Rasch rating scale model of the children's self-report version of the questionnaire. With regard to the parent's proxy-report version, two items misfit the model. While the items of the self- and proxy-report versions showed similar item difficulties, the parents had a tendency to be more severe in their ratings than the children. The correlation between the two versions was relatively low (Spearman's rho = .533, p > .05). The scatterplots between the two versions showed differences in the item difficulties of the physical and psychological well-being and self-perception items. Conclusion : These findings suggest that the three identified items should be taken into consideration when measuring children's health-related quality of life using the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.27-53
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• 2015

Recently, a plastic surgery hospital in Seoul, has been raided following suspicions that ghost surgery was performed by an unauthorized substitute surgeon on a chinese woman who lapsed into a death. Following the incident, an organization to eradicate ghost surgery was created in March by Consumers Korea, founded to protect consumer rights, and the Korea Alliance of Patients Organization. The organization has received reports of illegal medical practices. To substitute another physician without the patient's consent and without his knowledge of the substitution is fraud and deceit and a violation of a basic ethical concept. The patient as a human being is entitled to choose his own physician and he should be permitted to acquiesce in or refuse to accept the substitution. It should be noted that it is the operating surgeon to whom the patient grants his consent to perform the operation. The patient is entitled to the services of the particular surgeon with whom he contracts. The surgeon, in accepting the patient, obligates himself to utilize his personal talents in the performance of the operation to the extent required by the agreement creating the physician-patient relationship. He cannot properly delegate to another the duties which the patient authorizes him to perform personally. 'Ghost surgery' comes under Article 257(Inflicting Bodily Injury on Other or on Lineal Ascendant) of the Criminal Code. Substitution another physician without the patient's consent and without his knowledge of the substitution shall be performed Inflicting Bodily Injury. This is a controversial issue that'ghost surgery' comes under Article 347(Fraud) of the Criminal Code. It maybe controversial that operation substituted by another physician without the patient's consent and without his knowledge of the substitution becomes the component of Fraud. Also, Ghost surgery' comes under Article 27 (Prohibition of Unlicensed Medical Practice, etc.), Article 22 (Medical Records, etc.), Article 33 (Establishment) of the Medical Service Act. The surgeon's obligation to the patient requires him to perform the surgical operation: (1) within the scope of authority granted him by the consent to the operation; (2) in accordance with the terms of the contractual relationship; (3) with complete disclosure of all facts relevant to the need and the performance of the operation; and (4) to utilize his best skill in performing the operation.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.35-44
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• 2004

As the use of internet becomes proliferated, a great amount of information is provided through diverse channels. Users require effective information providing service and we have studied the conversational agent that exchanges information between users and agents using natural language dialogue. In this paper, we develop a question answering agent providing the corresponding answer by analyzing the user's intention using artificial intelligence techniques such as pattern matching and Bayesian network We work out various problems in knowledge representation of users by constructing keyword synonym database. The proposed method is applied to designing an agent for the introduction of a fashion web site, which confirms that it responds more flexibly to the user's queries.