• Aerospace Industry
• /
• v.63
• /
• pp.44-47
• /
• 1998

지난 봄. 이라크의 사담 후세인 대통령이 UN의 대량파괴무기 유무확인을 위한 대통령궁 사찰을 거부한 사건을 계기로 일촉즉발의 위기 직전까지 갔으나 아난 UN사무총장의 바그다드 방문으로 사찰의 합의를 보게되어 다행히 제2의 걸프만 전쟁은 회피되었다. 이 위기에 대처하기 위하여 중동방면에 집결했던 미국 해.공군의 신무기가운데 어떤 것이 있었는지 그 대강을 외지의 전하는 바를 통해 살펴 보기로 한다.

• The Science & Technology
• /
• v.35 no.2 s.393
• /
• pp.45-74
• /
• 2002

[테러리즘 현황] - 현대사회 테러리스트 공격에 속수무책, 유형ㆍ시대따라 달라도 늘 빈틈노려 덮쳐/[무력테러] - 인터넷 등 첨단기술이용 무기 현지조달, 국가안보차원서 테러 대처능력 갖춰야/[생물테러] - 생명공학 접목ㆍ소량으로 대량살상 가능, 무미ㆍ무취에 은밀ㆍ잠재성 커 무기화 박차/[화학테러] - 1차 대전때 겨자가스공격 1백30만명 사상, 북한은 61년 김일성지시에 따라 5천톤 비축/[방사능테러] 원자력발전소 등 각종 핵시설 공격 목표, 한국은 북한의 핵위협 예방 종합대책 필요/[사이버테러] 마음만 먹으면 누구나 전산망 파괴 가능, 미래 전쟁은 네트워크 파괴가 성패 갈라

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.303-325
• /
• 2015

The latest slogan put forth by the international space community is the safety, security, and sustainability of outer space activities. The security of outer space activities, in particular, would be defined as the secure state from space-based threats. The latter comprises passive threats (such as collision with other satellites and space debris) and aggressive threats (such as electromagnetic interference, arms race on the earth or in outer space, and military attacks). Has outer space been used for military purposes in practice? If so, does international law regulate the military space activities it? The use of outer space for military purposes is referred to as space militarization and space weaponisation. Satellites has been used in Gulf War, Kosovo War, and Afghan War, recently, and research and development on space weapons are under way. Since only the placement of weapons of mass destruction on orbit around the earth is prohibited in accordance with 1967 Outer Space Treaty, it may be asked whether other weapons may be placed on orbit. It will be necessary to analyze the stance of on the above question, by studying UN space-related treaties including UN Charter. New international space norms represented by PPWT, ICoC, and UN GGE Report are at the center of progressive development of international law. In conclusion, the author will signpost the various points on international norms to be codified on the use of outer space for military purposes.

• Korea and Global Affairs
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.97-114
• /
• 2017

This article aims for searching the clue of North Korea nuke-problem by understanding it contextually. We must see this from the beginning as many trials in settling the problem have failed. North Korea nuke-problem is related to the change of international implication as well as the domestic process of its development. At first, it started from the regime survival, which evolved with the effect of learning. During the Cold War, its development had combined the principle of 'self-defense' because of Sino-Russia conflict. Particularly, its meaning varied dramatically due to the collapse of Cold War system plus the advent of post-Cold War system. North Korea nuclear program has became a global problem based on the deterioration of North Korea's security milieu and Bush administration's policy. Therefore, the area of common solution for NK nuke-problem must be found in the context of regime survival and the change of its meaning by continual convergence effort.

• Defense and Technology
• /
• no.1 s.251
• /
• pp.34-43
• /
• 2000

북한의 대량파괴무기 개발은 미국과 일본으로 하여금 TMD 계획을 추진하게 함으로써 미-중, 일-중 및 미-러간의 대결을 조장하여 동아시아지역의 안정을 해치고 있다. 특히 일본은 2002년경까지 감시위성 4기 발사 및 미국과 TMD체계 공동연구계획을 발표함으로써 동북아에서 군비경쟁이 실감나게 재현되고 있는 것이다. 일본의 TMD 체계 및 첩보위성 무장과 자위대 역할 확대가 현실화되면 동북아지역에서 새로운 첨단 군비경쟁을 촉발할 가능성은 얼마든지 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.211-234
• /
• 2009

North Korea conducted the launcher test, which, as North Korea claimed, belonged to the sovereign rights for the purpose of peaceful utilization and exploration of the outer space. The launching was allegedly done for the sole purpose of putting the satellite into earth orbit, while international community stressed the fact that the orbiting of satellite was not confirmed and that the technology used was not distinct from the purpose of building intercontinental ballistic missile. UN Security Council adopted the resolutions which took the effect that the launching was deemed as the missile launching, not the mere launcher test. North Korea declared the moratorium of suspending its test activity. Controversial issues have been raised regarding whether the launcher itself has the legal status of enjoying the freedom of space flight based upon the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. The resolutions, however, has put forward a binding instrument forbidding the launching. UN Security Council resolutions, however, should be read not as defining the missile test illegal, in that the language of resolutions, such as 'demand', should be considered as not formulating a sort of obligatory act or inact. On the other hand, the resolutions should be read as having binding force with respect to any activity relating to the weapons of mass destruction. The resolution 1718 is written in more specific language such as 'decides that the DPRK shall suspend all activities related to its ballistic missile programme and in this context re-establish its pre-existing commitments to a moratorium on missile launching'. Therefore, the lauching activity of the North Korea is banned by the UN Security Council resolution. It should be noted that the resolution does not include any specific provisions defining the space of activity of the North Korea as illegal. But, the legal effect of the moratorium is not denied as to its launching itself, which is corresponding to the missile test clearisibanned in accordance with the resolutions.

• Aerospace Industry
• /
• s.107
• /
• pp.68-69
• /
• 2010

기뢰(機雷, naval mine) 또는 수뢰((水雷)는 수중에 설치되어 함선이 접근 또는 접촉했을 때, 자동 또는 원격 조작에 의해 폭발하는 수중 병기다. 저렴하고 단순하지만 가장 현대적이고 강력한 해군조차도 겁내하는 해중무기다. 적상선 및 잠수함 공격에 효과적인 무기로 미국 남북전쟁을 기점으로 대량 사용되었다. 기뢰의 다양화, 지능화에 따라 적의 기뢰를 찾아 파괴하는 소해임무도 함께 강조되고 있다. 함정의 안전한 해상작전을 위해서는 반드시 따라야 하는 대기뢰전, 특히 헬기를 이용한 '공중 대기뢰전(Airborne Mine countermeasures)'은 현대 해군의 필수다. 세계 주요 소해헬기와 관련 기술에 대해 소개한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.50-60
• /
• 2006

This work describes a basic concept of network based battle management system in AMD(Air & Missile Defense). The AMD operation inherently is joint concept that each single service do not satisfy the requirements of AMD theater operation. It is integrated system of joint forces that is operated simultaneously. The analysis of the future battlespace and air & missile threat is shown. From this analysis the prospective scheme of network based battle management system in building Korean future AMD is presented.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.98-106
• /
• 2007

한 나라의 우주개발은 막대한 예산과 많은 시간이 소요되기 때문에 정부주도로 연구개발사업을 시작하는 것이 대체적인 선례이다. 하지만 때로는 우주개발을 지역사회나 주변 국가들과의 상황에 따라 생존을 위한 방편으로도 활용될 수 있다. 이러한 우려를 불식시키거나 완화하자는 차원에서 국제사회가 다자간 협의체인 미사일기술통제체제(MTCR, Missile Technology Control Regime)을 1987년부터 시작하여 매년 총회 및 회기간 회의를 통하여 국제사회에서 대량파괴무기의 운반체로 미사일이나 무인항공기 등과 관련된 시스템 및 부품 등의 기술이전 등에 관하여 규제를 하고 있는 것이다. 최근 국제사회에서 핵 프로그램 및 미사일 문제로 논쟁의 핵심이 되고 있는 이란에 대하여 우주개발과 미사일기술통제체제의 규제 등의 관점에서 본 논문을 검토하고자 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.261-284
• /
• 2018

The current international legal system does not provide a safeguard against the militarization and the weaponization of outer space. Although the term "peaceful use of outer space" in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty(OST) appears in official government statements or in multilateral space treaties, it is still without an authoritative definition in reviewing national practices. The ambiguous ban on weapons in Article IV of the OST allows countries to loophole on the deployment of other weapons other than nuclear weapons. Meanwhile "Draft Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapon in Outer Space and of the Threat or Use of Force against Outer Space Objects(PPWT)" to Conference on Disarmament (CD) commissioned by the UN General Assembly's Special Session jointly submitted by China and Russia in 2008 and later revised in 2014, attempting to define and prohibit the proliferation of weapons in outer space and provided definitions of prohibited weapons, are opposed by the US on the grounds that currently there is no arms race in outer space. Some experts support a hard law approach in which binding laws aimed at ultimately creating integrated and binding legal instruments in all aspects of the use of outer space should be adopted to regulate the military use of space. However as a temporary measure the soft law guidelines should be developed for the non liquiet, a situation where there is no applicable law. The soft law could be used to create support for the declaration of the treaties and to create international customary law. For example, the 1963 Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space that regulates the activities of the state in the exploration and use of the universe, and the 1992 Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space will illustrated. While substantial portions of the former was codified later in the 1967 OST, the latter which, although written in somewhat mandatory terms, have been consistently complied with by states, have arguably become part of customary international law. On November 12, 1974, the General Assembly reaffirmed that the development of international law may be reflected inter alia, by declarations and resolutions of the General Assembly which may to that extent be taken into consideration by the International Court of Justice.