• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.31-32
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• 2000

내연기관으로 작동되는 자동차는 크게 도로용(Onroad)과 비도로용(Nonroad)으로 구분되며, 비도로용 차량은 크게 자동차이외의 교통수단(철도, 항공, 선박)과 건설장비, 농업용기계 등을 일컫는다. 이러한 비도로용 엔진들은 주요 대기오염원으로 부각되어 최근 미국, 유럽둥 선진국에서 배출규제를 시작하였다. 우리나라는 선진국에 비해 휘발유 가격대비 경유가격이 낮기 때문에 경유차량의 보유비율도 상대적으로 높아 경유자동차에 의한 대기오염이 심각한 실정이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.330-332
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• 2003

현대 사회는 인구, 산업, 경제, 활동이 도시에 집중되어 발달되고 있으며, 도시에서의 활동증가로 인한 교통량도 급격히 증가하고 있다. 급격히 증가된 인간의 생활환경 변화로 인한 오염물질의 배출도 역시 증가하여 우리의 주변환경을 심각하게 오염시키고 있다. 대기중에 존재하는 에어로졸 입자는 자연발생원에서 직접 대기중에 배출되는 해염입자, 토양입자 등과 같은 1차 입자(Primary particle)와 주로 연소, 소각 등에 의해 인위적으로 발생된 가스상 물질의 대기중에서 다양한 물리ㆍ화학적인 반응을 통해 생성되는 2차입자(Secondary particle)로 크게 구별할 수 있다. (중략)

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 2012

The transportation sector accounts for 33% of the total $CO_2$ emissions. Effective control measures for reducing $CO_2$ emissions are urgently needed to address global warming. Objective and reliable methods to estimate $CO_2$ emissions are a prerequisite for the implementation of such effective control measures. However, existing models have not been successful. Even though the average-speed model is one of the most convenient and useful methods for estimating $CO_2$ emissions, it cannot distinguish between a variety of roads as well as traffic conditions in the model. The results of this study found that there may be significant discrepancies between emissions estimated by the current average-speed model and those measured in real driving conditions. This paper proposed the subdivision of emission factors in the average-speed model depending on both traffic and road conditions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.180-190
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• 2016

Atmospheric pollutants such as Nitrogen Oxides(NOx), Carbon Monoxide(CO), Carbon Dioxide($CO_2$), Particulate Matter(PM) and Hydrocarbons(HC) come from vehicle exhaust gases. Emission curves based on average travel speeds have been employed for estimating on-road emissions as well as evaluating environmental impacts of transportation plans and policies in Korea. Recently, there is a growing interest in estimation methods of vehicle emissions considering relationship between vehicle dynamic driving characteristics and emissions, and incorporating such emission estimators into traffic simulation models. MOVES Lite, a simplified version of MOVES, is one of the estimation methods. In this study, the authors performed a study to develop an adaptable version of MOVES Lite for Korea, called MOVES Lite-K. Vehicle types, driving characteristics, emission rates, and emission standards of Korea were reflected in MOVES Lite-K. The characteristics of emission calculation of MOVES Lite-K and NIER emission curves were compared and the adaptability of MOVES Lite-K were examined.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.257-258
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• 2003

급속도로 발전하고 있는 동북 아시아, 그 중 중국에서 배출되는 대기오염물질의 장거리 이동은 여러 나라에 영향을 주고 있으며, 이는 관련 국가의 큰 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 장거리 이동은 국제적인 문제로 이출 해결하기 위해서는 과학적인 접근과 정책적인 접근이 동시에 이루어져야 한다. 기존의 연구들에서는 한가지에 초점을 맞춘 접근을 주로 하고 있으므로(김용표, 1999), 본 연구에서는 두 가지 접근을 모두 시도해보고자 한다. Regional Air pollution INformation and Simulation - Asia(RAINS- Asia)Modeling을 통해 중국, 한국, 일본 세 국가의 이산화황 배출에 따른 침적량을 분석해 보았고, 향후 30여년 간의 추세를 예측해 보았다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.488-496
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• 2017

Emissions of pollutants from ship-based sources are controlled by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Since pollutants emitted from ship may be dispersed to the land, controlling emissions from ships is necessary for efficient air quality management in Incheon, where exposure to ship-based pollution is frequent. It has been noted that the ratios of air pollutant emissions from coastal areas to inland areas are about 14% for NOx and 10% for SOx. The air quality of coastal urban areas is influenced by the number of ships present and the dispersion pattern of the pollutants released depending on the local circulation system. In this study, the dispersion of pollutants from ship-based sources was analyzed using the numerical California Puff Model (CALPUFF) based on a meteorological field established using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF). Air pollutant dispersion modeling around coastal urban regions such as Incheon should consider point and line sources emitted from both anchored and running ships, respectively. The total average NOx emissions from 82-84 ships were 6.2 g/s and 6.8 g/s, entering and leaving, respectively. The total average SOx emissions from 82-84 ships, entering and leaving, were 3.6 g/s and 5.1 g/s, respectively. The total average emissions for NOx and SOx from anchored ships were 0.77 g/s and 1.93 g/s, respectively. Due to the influence of breezes from over land, the transport of pollutants from Incheon Port to inland areas was suppressed, and the concentration of NOx and SOx inland were temporarily reduced. NOx and SOx were diffused inland by the sea breeze, and the concentration of NOx and SOx gradually increased inland. The concentration of pollutants in the area adjacent to Incheon Port was more influenced by anchored ship in the port than sea breezes. We expect this study to be useful for setting emission standards and devising air quality policies in coastal urban regions.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.107-117
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• 2020

Based on the airborne measurement results over a coal fired power plant and steel work in Dangjin city, SO2 emission amounts of each site are estimated (top-down emission). Airborne measurements were carried out on May-June and October-November 2019. The estimated SO2 emission in 2019 for the power plant was 1502.1 kg/hr and that for the steel work was 2850.5 kg/hr, higher as much as a factor of 2.5 and 2.0, respectively, than the emission amounts provided by both facilities (bottom-up emission). The outcomes strongly illustrates that well designed airborne observations can serve a quantitative diagnostic tool for bottom-up emission estimates. Further research direction to improve the reliability of the top-down emission estimates is suggested.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.37-47
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• 1993

우리가 살아가고 있는 환경을 보호하고 쾌적한 생활을 영위하기 위하여 우리나라도 미국, 일본, 유럽의 일부국가들과 같은 Off-road 차량의 엔진에 대한 규제 입안의 필요성이 대두되게 되었으며, 본 연구는 국내의 건설장비와 농업용 기계에 대한 배출량과 대기오염 기여도를 산출함으로써 향후에 시행될 이들 규제안의 기초 자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.905-917
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• 2021

Atmospheric pollutant emissions, mainly exhaust gas emissions from vessels, and the resultant social costs of pollution in the Korean harbor cities of Incheon, Mokpo, Gwangyang, Busan and Ulsan, are examined in this study, and the need for an emissions reduction plan is highlighted. Busan had several vessels entering its port, while Mokpo had few vessels, yet the vessels emission contribution was high in both the cities. Ulsan had world-class heavy-chemical industries, Gwangyang had steel mills and Incheon had a manufacturing industry and more vessels entering its port than Mokpo, yet the emission contribution was low in these cities. By calculating exhaust gas emissions from the vessels, it was found that CO₂ was the highest, followed by NOx and SOx. By vessel type, Busan, Ulsan, and Incheon had more oil tank vessels, Gwangyang had more cargo vessels, and Mokpo had more ferries. As a result of social cost, Busan paid the highest, while the highest emission was PM. The use of low-sulfur oil can directly reduce PM and, SOx emissions and indirectly reduce NOx emissions. However, in order to reduce high CO₂ emissions, only low-sulfur oil will not help. Therefore, the study suggested the need for reduction plan that use of fossil fuels, by using alternative maritime power (AMP).

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.25-34
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• 2012

Air quality in Daegu area is lower compared to many other cities, since Daegu is a basin surrounded by mountains. Accordingly, the present study investigated the location of carbon monoxide(CO) monitoring stations for systematic CO pollution management on the basis of the CO emission distribution in Daegu area. In order to achieve this purpose, the location of CO monitoring stations, which can be used for the establishment of CO management, were assessed. Emission map in Daegu area was prepared using numerical map and Clean Air Policy Support System(CAPSS) data supplied by the M inistry of Environment. Average emissions were estimated by dividing emission sources into four subgroups(roadway, apartment, industry, and municipal incineration facility) according to legal division. The CO emission intensities were subdivided into 10, which a high number represents a high emission intensity, and the current monitoring stations were evaluated for the determination of their steps in CO emission intensities. As a result, additional installation of monitoring stations were suggested for the high CO emission areas rather than the low CO emission areas. A systematic CO management strategy would be established by the supplying various principle CO data when the CO monitoring stations are additionally installed at Kukwudong and other six sites on the basis of analyses of data obtained from 1999 to 2007.