• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-52
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• 2001

1. establishment and development of China archives science: With the centuries-old history of archives and archives management, early China archives science came into being in 1930s, and the research pushed forward by archives enterprise has made great achievements since then. 1.1 Expanding research fields: Foundation

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.153-165
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• 2005

China is a country with a long history. Chinese culture dates back thousands of years ago. Thousand years of history left the huge quantity of archival heritage, which consists of the memory of China. From tied knots, tortoise shell, bronze, bamboo to paper, film, CD, the mankind's history is kept and continued through the evolution of the documenting media and documenting methods. In the information era, when we are immersed in the sea of information technologies, archivists, as guards of human's memory, have to look for a balance point between new and old, between unchanged and changed. On one hand, archivists should try their best to protect traditional archives in a usable, authentic way in a long term; on the other hand, they must face the challenges posed by electronic record. The information age is a stage of the social development of mankind, the digitalization of archives is an important progress of human history. The report mainly is composed of three parts of the content: first, introduce the preserving situation of Chinese archival heritage ; focus are put on "China archival heritage program" and the construction of "Special archives repository"; second, the process of digitalization of traditional archives; third, the framework of electronic record standard.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.411-430
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• 2014

Quxian Archives is the institution collecting, managing and preserving archives and historical materials of each institution, group and individual of pertinent districts and prefectures. This study investigated 16 Quxian Archives in Beijing and surrounding areas in a bid to conduct overseas case study of archives of primary local governments or municipalities. Establishment status, function and organization of Quxian Archives were studied in terms of management. And collection range, method of collection and characteristics of archives in possession were studied in terms of archives of Quxian Archives. Through this study, the construction of informatization of resources of archives and establishment of integrated retrieval system on national level are expected. It is also expected that this will contribute to the establishment of archives of Korea's primary local governments and municipalities, working as one of overseas example of operation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.187-191
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• 2002

디지털당안관을 건설하는 주요한 목표는 디지털당안 관리, 디지털당안관의 조작 및 전통당안의 디지털화에 대해 완전한 해결 방안을 제시하여 선진응용 시스템을 개발하고, 유관한 업무 규칙과 기준을 건립하며, 각 유형의 디지털 자료창고를 건설하는 것이다. 또한 그것의 최종목적은 당안관 관장의 정보에 디지털식 관리를 실현하고, 인터넷 서비스를 통하여 독자들이 언제 어디서나 열람할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 주요 특징은 정보관리의 디지털화 자동화 서비스의 네트워크화와 다양화 정보내용의 광범성인데, 예를 들어 각 종의 매체 정보, 정보의 저장과 사용자 방문이 지역적인 제한을 받지 않는다. 정보자원의 집산처로서 당안관이 네트워크 운행을 실시하는 것은 필연적이며 필수적인 것이기 때문에 사회 발전의 수요에 따라 당안관은 새로운 운영 모델을 찾아 네트워크사회에서의 경쟁능력을 높여 사회대중을 위해 서비스하고 이로써 미래 사회의 공중 정보의 중심이 될 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.5-21
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• 2003

This thesis concerns urban construction archive management business of China in the 20th century 12 items of state level construction archives, 11 categories of urban construction archives was initially studied. And studies on data collection method, obligations and range of service, etc. of urban construction archives center were conducted as well. Urban construction archive management business was aggressively pursued in terms of national policy, based on the state plan to construct medium-sized and large cities and Mao ZeDong(毛澤東)‘s direction regarding of urban construction archives. As a result, there happened to be various levels and types of 3,186 archive centers, as of 2003. And the archives centers of urban construction have been estavlished in 662 cities all over China so far, while the establishment of the urban construction archives centers was pursued only in 42 cities in 1960s. Another point to note is that staff members of junior college or higher educational background account for 70% - 80% of overall human resources of the archives center of urban construction, while 60 - 70% of them are technical level. This makes professional human resources represent at least 60% of the total human resources of the centers. This is a result of effort of China to enhance urban construction archive management business on both quantitative and qualitative level. And through the study on the situation of urban construction archive management business in Beijing(北京), it was learned that urban construction archives are being collected and managed in archives centers of the respective areas as well as in professional archives centers of urban construction. Some suggestions were also made regarding what kind of direction Korea should take to pursue the business of urban construction archive management.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.205-211
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• 2002

퇴변한 필적을 회복하고 보호하는 것에 관계되는 여러 학과를 설립하여, 각고의 연구 끝에 이 영역에서 일련의 중대한 돌파를 얻었다. 볼펜 복사지 푸른색 먹(黑) 연필 청사진 등의 필적 재료의 퇴색 확산 회복 고정기제 및 종이 노화와 보호기제 등 복잡한 요소를 연구 분석하여 일련의 퇴변한 당안 필적 회복과 보호제를 연구 제작하였다. 이 일련의 성과가 세상에 나온 이래 중국 30개성 자치구에서 정부기관 경찰 법원 도시규획과 건설 지질 수도 전기 철로 석유 조사 설계 군사 등의 일부분 당안에서 응용되었고, 심각하게 퇴변한 대량의 진귀한 문헌 문물로 하여금 원래 모습을 회복시켰으며, 영구 보존할 필요가 있는 문건을 내구적으로 고정시킬 수 있었다. 동시에 국제 당안계 및 지질문물 수장, 연구 부분에서 강렬한 영향을 불러일으켰다.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.22
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• pp.157-199
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• 2009

The organization for managing records and archives did not emerge together with the founding of the Chinese Communist Party. Such management became active with the establishment of the Department of Documents (文書科) and its affiliated offices overseeing reading and safekeeping of official papers, after the formation of the Central Secretariat(中央秘書處) in 1926. Improving the work of the Secretariat's organization became the focus of critical discussions in the early 1930s. The main criticism was that the Secretariat had failed to be cognizant of its political role and degenerated into a mere "functional organization." The solution to this was the "politicization of the Secretariat's work." Moreover, influenced by the "Rectification Movement" in the 1940s, the party emphasized the responsibility of the Resources Department (材料科) that extended beyond managing documents to collecting, organizing and providing various kinds of important information data. In the mean time, maintaining security with regard to composing documents continued to be emphasized through such methods as using different names for figures and organizations or employing special inks for document production. In addition, communications between the central political organs and regional offices were emphasized through regular reports on work activities and situations of the local areas. The General Secretary not only composed the drafts of the major official documents but also handled the reading and examination of all documents, and thus played a central role in record processing. The records, called archives after undergoing document processing, were placed in safekeeping. This function was handled by the "Document Safekeeping Office(文件保管處)" of the Central Secretariat's Department of Documents. Although the Document Safekeeping Office, also called the "Central Repository(中央文庫)", could no longer accept, beginning in the early 1930s, additional archive transfers, the Resources Department continued to strengthen throughout the 1940s its role of safekeeping and providing documents and publication materials. In particular, collections of materials for research and study were carried out, and with the recovery of regions which had been under the Japanese rule, massive amounts of archive and document materials were collected. After being stipulated by rules in 1931, the archive classification and cataloguing methods became actively systematized, especially in the 1940s. Basically, "subject" classification methods and fundamental cataloguing techniques were adopted. The principle of assuming "importance" and "confidentiality" as the criteria of management emerged from a relatively early period, but the concept or process of evaluation that differentiated preservation and discarding of documents was not clear. While implementing a system of secure management and restricted access for confidential information, the critical view on providing use of archive materials was very strong, as can be seen in the slogan, "the unification of preservation and use." Even during the revolutionary movement and wars, the Chinese Communist Party continued their efforts to strengthen management and preservation of records & archives. The results were not always desirable nor were there any reasons for such experiences to lead to stable development. The historical conditions in which the Chinese Communist Party found itself probably made it inevitable. The most pronounced characteristics of this process can be found in the fact that they not only pursued efficiency of records & archives management at the functional level but, while strengthening their self-awareness of the political significance impacting the Chinese Communist Party's revolution movement, they also paid attention to the value possessed by archive materials as actual evidence for revolutionary policy research and as historical evidence of the Chinese Communist Party.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.9
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• pp.330-341
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• 2004

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.297-316
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• 2003

Classification of archival collections in China is usually divided into two approaches, arrangement classification and retrieval classification. Focusing on arrangement of archives, this paper reviews what is the content and principle of arrangement, and how these principles are applied to actual arrangement of records and archives in China. The review examines the historical archives of Rep. of China, in the Second Historical Archives of China. It is expected that current review could enlighten studies on arrangement of historical archives created by Government-General of Chosun.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.73-89
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• 2004

The following is a summary of comparative study on costumes between 『Cheng-Hoe-Jeon-Do』 and 『Chen-De-dang-an』 in Gun-Ryung 41st, 42nd and 43rd yew to find out costume situation actually worn by Emperor Gun-Ryung in Qing dynasty. In Gun-Ryung 41st year, Emperor's costumes showed a sign of royal tour robes. In 42nd year, a phase of mourning robe system came out and a plain side of costumes was shown owing to the mourning. In 43rd year, it showed costume situation worn by Emperor in peaceful year without any particular event. Velvet, material for traveling crown was used in a short time before and after the change of the season besides royal tour and this can be understood as a well-timed and reasonable selection of material. Eventhough robe material, Jik-kyung-Ji-chack-sa(a kind of silk) had been used for summer robes since Gun-Ryung 42nd you. Memorial costumes followed Emperor's court costume system I in 『Cheng-Hoe-Jeon-Do』 and court belt I or II as memorial suit belt was used for the memorial costume of Emperor Gun-Ryung and they properly applied of the costume system in 『Cheng-Hoe-Jeon-Do』 for coats.