• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.11A
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• pp.1004-1011
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• 2005

In OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system, sampling frequency offset causes performance degradation due to increase of ICI. Sampling frequency offset can be generally estimated by correlation of the pilot signal or the known pattern within two contiguous OFDM symbol however, this method has the throughput degradation and the difficulty in applying to various OFDM systems. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for sampling frequency offset estimation which can solve aforementioned issues. The proposed algorithm uses a single OFDM symbol to prevent throughput degradation and to apply to various OFDM-based communication systems flexibly Also, the proposed algorithm can enhance reliability by observing more number of correlations compared to the established algorithm in frequency domain. Extensive computer simulation shows that the proposed algorithm can improve the system performance in various channel conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.12B
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• pp.2141-2153
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 DMT 기반의 xDSL 시스템의 수신단에서 발생하는 샘플링 위상 옵셋과 샘플링 주파수 옵셋에 의한 타이밍 오류를 분석한 후, 디지털 수신기에서 이를 보상하기 위한 비동기식 샘플링(full digital PLL) 방식을 제안한다. 기존의 논문에서는 DMT 방식의 xDSL 시스템에서 샘플링 위상 옵셋을 delay-rotor 특성을 이용한 주파수영역 위상 회전기로 보상하는 비동기식 샘플링 방식을 제안한 바 있다. 그러나 수신단에서 샘플링 시 존재하는 타이밍 오류로 인해 저역통과 필터링된 수신신호는 더 이상 delay-rotor 특성이 성립하지 않아 성능이 크게 저하된다. 본 논문에서는 샘플링 위상 옵셋을 완벽하게 보상할 수 있는 데이터 구간의 환형 컨벌루션화(circular convolution) 방식을 제안한다. 또한 샘플링 위상 옵셋과 샘플링 주파수 옵셋이 동시에 존재하는 경우 이를 보상할 수 있는 개선된 시간/주파수 혼성영역 보상방식을 제안한다. 또한 추가의 오버헤드를 사용하지 않고 샘플링 위상 옵셋과 샘플링 주파수 옵셋을 보상할 수 있는 시간영역 보상방식을 제안한다. 마지막으로 DMT 방식의 ADSL 시스템에 본 논문에서 제안된 비동기식 샘플링 방식들을 적용하여 모의실험을 통해 성능을 분석하고 기존의 방식과 비교하여 성능의 우수성을 확인한다.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 1995

Three-level Skip-lot sampling plan split by two stages (Split2-SkSP0 is proposed by modifying multi-level skip-lot sampling plan proposed by Choi(1993), which has normal and terrace inspections on the first and the second stages, respectively. The plan is designed to work more higher level inspections when the quality of the submitted products are good, otherwise, return to the normal or the terrace inspection as fast as possible. Also, the formula of the operating characteristic function for the split skip-lot sampling plan is derived using the Markov chain approach. Also, operating characteristic properties of the proposed plans are studied and graphically compared with those of the multi-level skip-lot sampling plans.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.101-109
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• 1996

네트웍 샘플링은 회귀한 속성을 갖는 모집단에서 유용한 표본조사방법이다. 기존의 중복수 추정량(multiplicity estimator)은 네트웍 샘플링의 특징을 반영하는 추정량으로 응답오차를 고려하지 않은 경우에 이용되었다. 본 논문에서는 응답오차를 고려한 경우와 이용할 수 있는 수정된 중복수 추정량을 제안하였다. 그리고 제안된 추정량의 기대값과 근사기대분산(approximate expexted variance)을 유도하였으며, 제안된 추정량이 기존의 모총수 추정량보다 화과적임을 가상모집단을 통하여 보였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.24 no.9B
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• pp.1795-1805
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• 1999

In an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) system, the sampling frequency offset between the transmitter and receiver is known to cause the interchannel interference (ICI), resulting in performance degradation. In this paper, we propose two time-domain techniques to estimate the sampling frequency offset, especially for a high data-rate OFDM system. The first technique estimates the sampling frequency offset by using the phase difference between two received samples with a fixed amount of time interval, corresponding to the transmitted training symbol, under the assumption of perfect symbol and carrier offset synchronization. The second technique estimates the sampling frequency offset and carrier frequency offset jointly, when the two offsets exist together, by using two training symbols with different frequency components and using a sample algebraic calculation. The proposed estimation techniques for sampling frequency offset cause no time delay due to all time-domain processing, and have a good performance due to no ICI effect. The performances of the proposed techniques are demonstrated by various simulations.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.535-538
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• 2004

마이크로폰을 이용하여 평면상에 직교형으로 배열된 음인 도래 방향 탐지 시스템을 구성하고, A/D 변환에 있어 일반저인 샘플링 기법과 spilt-beam형 어군 탐지 시스템에 적용된 4분 샘플링 기법을 이용하여 공기중에서의 음원의 토래 방향 탐지 성능에 관한 실험을 수행하였다. 일반 실내에서 단일 주파수의 음원에 대하여 직교형 마이크로폰 배열을 사용한 음인 토래 방향 탐지 시스템 및 4분 샘플링 기법의 적용이 유용함을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.99-102
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• 2008

OFDM 시스템에서는 수신단의 샘플링 주파수가 정확하지 않을 경우 샘플링 주파수 옵셋으로 인한 ICI(Inter-Carrier Interference) 현상이 발생하여 수신 성능의 열화를 초래한다. 일반적으로 샘플링 주파수 옵셋의 추정은 연속된 2개의 OFDM 심볼의 파일럿 신호 또는 약속된 신호간의 상관을 통하여 수행된다. 본 논문에서는 주파수 영역에서 연속된 심볼들 간의 다양한 조합을 이용하여 샘플링 주파수 옵셋을 추정하고 그 성능을 비교한다. 이를 위해 각 방식을 DVB-T 시스템에 적용하여 모의실험을 수행한 결과와 기존 기법과의 성능을 비교 분석하였으며, 그 결과 AWGN 채널 환경에서 샘플링 주파수 옵셋 추정 성능을 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.357-365
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• 2009

In an OFDM system, the sampling frequency offset between the transmitter and receiver is known to cause the inter-channel interference (ICI), resulting in performance degradation. Sampling frequency offset can be generally estimated by correlation of the pilot signal within contiguous OFDM symbol. In this paper, we propose sampling frequency offset estimation schemes using various mixture of consecutive symbols. We conduct a simulation in DVB-T(2K mode) system, which shows that the proposed schemes can improve the performance of sampling frequency offset estimation by decreasing noise effect within consecutive symbols in AWGN channel model.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.12 s.354
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• pp.61-67
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• 2006

This paper proposes the algorithm for tracking of the residual phase errors incurred by carrier frequency offset and sampling frequency offset in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems which are suitable for high data rate wireless communications. In the OFDM systems the subcarriers which are orthogonal to each other are modulated by digital data and transmitted simultaneously. The carrier frequency offset causes degradation of signal to noise ratio(SNR) performance and interference between the adjacent subcarriers. The errors in the sampling timing caused by the sampling frequency difference between the transmitter and the receiver sides also cause a major performance degradation in the OFDM systems. The residual error tracking and compensation mechanism is essential in the OFDM system since the carrier and the sampling frequency offset cause the loss of orthogonality resulting in the system performance loss. This paper proposes the scheme where the channel gain and the payload data information are reflected in the residual error tracking process which results in the reduction of the estimation error and the tracking performance improvements under the frequency selective fading wireless channels.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.677-682
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• 2012

There are lots of sampling design which is determined for sample survey in various fields. Especially, it is important problem for clinical data because basic characteristic variables by group which consist of experiment group and control group in population should be reflect to sample. Therefore, frequencies, center scales and dispersion scales of variables by group in population should be similar in sample. But usual sampling design is very complicate so it is difficult to use in practice for researcher. In this paper, we consider the sampling method using simulation. We applied the proposed method to colon cancer data from a hospital. We compare basic characteristic variables between population and sample with mean, frequency and statistic hypothesis test.