• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.405-416
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• 2017

This study evaluated a model unconfined aquifer comprising a sand or gravel layer, a filter layer, a pumping well, and an observation well. The model was employed in step drawdown tests and then used to assess the permeability of each test tank. The optimal yield and well efficiency were then calculated. Evaluation of yield by step in sand layer filters of equal thickness gave optimized watering rates of 22.03 L/min in the double filter and 19.71 L/min in the single filter. The double filter's yield was 115.0% that of the single filter. A comparison of double and single filters, each 10 cm thick, showed the double filter to have a maximum yield of 182.7%. Yields for the gravel layer were 73.56 L/min for a double filter and 65.47 L/min for a single filter of the same thickness; the former value is 112.3% of that of the latter. Comparison of double and single filters with 10-cm-thick gravel layers revealed that the double filter had a maximum yield of 160.9%. Results for sand wells showed the double filter to have a maximum efficiency of 70.4% and the single filter to have a minimum efficiency of 37.1%. Gravel-layer well efficiencies were >66.5% for both double and single filters (each 30 cm thick), but only 22.5% for a 10-cm-thick single filter. This study confirms that permeability improved as the filter material became thicker; it also shows that a double filter has a higher yield and well efficiency than a single filter. These results can be applied to the practical design of wells.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.51-68
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• 2019

This study performs to evaluate adaptability of seashore filtering type seawater-intake which adapts dua1 filter well alternative for direct seawater-intake. This study varies filter condition of seashore free surface aquifer which is composed of sand layer then installs real size dual filter well and single filter well to evaluate water permeability and proper pumping amount according to filter condition. According to result of step aquifer test, it is analysed that 110.3% synergy effect of water permeability coefficient is happened compare to single filter since dual filter well has better improvement. dual filter has higher water permeability coefficient compare to same pumping amount, this means dual filter has more improved water permeability than single filter. According to analysis result of continuous aquifer test, it is evaluated that dual filter well (SD1200) has higher water permeability than single filter well (SS800) by analysis of water permeability coefficient using monitoring well and gauging well, it is also analysed dual filter has 110.7% synergy effect of water permeability coefficient. As a evaluation result of pumping amount according to analysis of water level dropping rate, it is analysed that dual filter well increased 122.8% pumping amount compare to single filter well when water level dropping is 2.0 m. As a result of calculating proper pumping amount using water level dropping rate, it is analysed that dual filter well shows 136.0% higher pumping amount compare to single filter well. It is evaluated that proper pumping amount has 122.8~160% improvement compare to single filter, pumping amount improvement rate is 139.6% compare to averaged single filter. In other words, about 40% water intake efficiency can be improved by just installation of dual filter compare to normal well. Proper pumping amount of dual filter well using inflection point is 2843.3 L/min and it is evaluated that daily seawater intake amount is about $4,100m^3/day$ (${\fallingdotseq}4094.3m^3/day$) in one hole of dual filter well. Since it is possible to intake plenty of water in one hole, higher adaptability is anticipated. In case of intaking seawater using dual filter well, no worries regarding damages on facilities caused by natural disaster such as severe weather or typhoon, improvement of pollution is anticipated due to seashore sand layer acts like filter. Therefore, It can be alternative of environmental issue for existing seawater intake technique, can save maintenance expenses related to installation fee or damages and has excellent adaptability in economic aspect. The result of this study will be utilized as a basic data of site demonstration test for adaptation of riverside filtered water of upcoming dual filter well and this study is also anticipated to present standard of well design and construction related to riverside filter and seashore filter technique.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.509-529
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• 2019

This study performs to evaluate the role of filter material at alluvial well for intake of riverbank filtration and the applicability and improvement effect of dual filter well. To achieve this objective, dual filter intake well and single filter intake well were installed with different filter conditions at riverbank free surface aquifer in soil layer then we evaluated filter material condition, permeability, optimum yield and well efficiency according to yield in drawdown test. As a results, we assumed forming dual filter layer minimizes sudden speed changes at boundary between aquifer and filter layer by cushioning of groundwater flow. This suppresses warm current then intake groundwater efficiently, therefore it seems decreasing peripheral groundwater level changes in spite of higher intake water amount than single filter intake well. Furthermore, we confirmed by test, installing dual filter improves permeability, optimum yield and well efficiency. The result will be used by combining with former study to set up standard of design/construction of dual filter intake well at alluvial aquifer layer. Furthermore, we expect this result will be used to prove application effect of dual filter intake well compared to single filter one and radial collector well which are mainly applied on riverbank filtration.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.101-115
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• 2018

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of various filter conditions on unconfined aquifer (alluvial aquifer). We made model test device which has filter layer, pumping well and observation well which consist of sand layer and gravel layer to test. Step drawdown test and long term pumping tests were carried out using the device. The permeability characteristics of each test group were confirmed and the optimal yield was calculated. As a result of comparing the optimal yield of double filter and single filter in sand, dual-filter SD-300 was valued at 216.8 % higher final optimal yield than single-filter SS-300. Comparing the dual filter SD-300 and the single filter SS-100 with a thin filter layer, dual-filter SD-300 was valued at 709.2% higher final optimal yield than single-filter SS-300. As a result of analysis of optimal yield change over time, It was confirmed that the ratio of optimal yield of single filter and dual filter increase over time. In order to evaluate the long-term change in water intake efficiency, we considered the point at which the initial optimal yield was reduced by 50%. The dual filter SD-300 is about 351.1% higher than SS-300, which is the same thickness filter, and about 579.0% higher than SS-100. From these results, Assuming that the point at which the initial quantity of water intake is reduced to 50% is the well life, double filters are expected to increase their lifespan by about 3.5 times over single filters of the same thickness and by about 5.8 times over typical single filter. These results can be used to design wells to river bank filtration or filtered seawater. In addition, it is possible to clarify the effect of the double filter through the comparison with the future field test results.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.361-370
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• 2016

This study was performed in order to evaluate the efficiency of groundwater well installed in alluvial aquifer that has filter layers, using laboratory experiment. We manufactured test equipment that can simulate dual filter layer and single filter layer and evaluated the initial volume of water intake, pumping efficiency, and long term stability using the experiment and analysis. In an early stage within 60 minutes, the case that took the dual filter showed an increase of 19.4 % in the initial volume of water intake compared to the case without it. It was found that after 24 hours of the test, the well installed with the dual filter showed higher than 68.9% compared to the well with single filter. It was calculated that it took 1.35 days to reach the point corresponding to the half of the water intake in case of single filter while it took 38.66 days to do so in case of dual filter. Therefore, it is highly recommended that the well with dual filter is much more favorable in the long term stability.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 1989

Narrowband bandpass weveguide filters using inductive post obstacles in rectangular waveguide are designed and constructed to have an equal-ripple bandwidth of 50MHz (0.56% fractional band-width) at a center frequency of 9GHz. Both the triple-post and the single-post configurations are realized and compared. The measured center frequency, bandwidth, and attenuation characteristics for both filters show good agreement with the theoretical calculations. When the two filters are compared, the insertion loss characteristic of the triple-post filter is better than that of the single-post filter by 0.8dB at the passband.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 1989

압전세라믹을 이용한 에너지포획형 단일체 대역통과필터는 '에너지포획'과 '탄생결합'이라는 두 중요한 원리를 사용한다. 본 연구의 주된 목적은 이중결합필터의 전극변수가 필터 특성에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것이다. 예비단계로 에너지포획형 공진자의 부분전극의 단위 면적당 무게나 부분전극의 크기가 주파수특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 에너지포획을 야기시킬 수 있는 부분전극의 조건을 설정하였다.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.168-169
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• 2001

1.55 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 파장 대역에서 동작하는 파장가변 단일 주파수 레이저는 WDM 통신 시스템, 광섬유 센서, 분광학 분야에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 특히 어븀첨가 광섬유 레이저로 파장가변 단일 주파수 레이저를 구현하면 선폭이 가늘고, 세기 잡음이 작고, 출력 세기가 크다는 장점이 있기 때문에 많은 연구가 있어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 음향광학 대역투과 필터 (acousto-optic tunable bandpass filter, AOTBF)와 광섬유 흡수 격자를 사용하는 선형공진기 형태의 파장가변 단일 주파수 광섬유 레이저에 대해서 제안하고 구현하였다. (중략)

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.31.2-31.2
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 태양 코로나 구조를 분석하기에 적합한 영상처리 기법을 찾는 것이다. 이를 위하여 우리는 IDL(Interactive Data Language)에 내장된 여러 가지 영상처리방법을 SOHO EIT 영상에 적용하였다. 우리는 영상처리를 위하여 단일 영상처리 방법과 2단계 영상 처리 방법을 사용하였다. 단일 영상처리 방법으로 히스토그램 평활화(Equalization), 주파수 필터링, 경계선 강화기법(Sobel, Robert) 등을 사용하였다. 2단계 영상처리 방법은 단일 영상 처리 방법에서 효과적이었던 방법들을 두 가지 이상 순차적으로 적용하는 것이다. 본 연구를 통하여 우리는 2단계 영상처리 방법(예, 저주파 필터 + Sobel + 히스토그램 평활화)이 단일 영상처리 방법 보다 코로나 루프 구조를 잘 보여주는 것을 확인하였다. 이 연구 결과가 태양 코로나 구조 연구에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.198-204
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• 2020

This paper designs a electromagnetic-log (EM-Log) aided navigation filter for maritime environment without global navigation satellite system (GNSS). When navigation is performed for a long time, Inertial navigation system (INS)'s error gradually diverges. Therefore, an integrated navigation method is used to solve this problem. EM-Log sensor measures the velocity of the vehicle. However, since the measured velocity from EM-Log contains the speed of the sea current, the aided navigation filter is required to estimate the sea current. This paper proposes a single model filter and interacting multiple (IMM) model filter methods to estimate the sea current and analyzes the influence of the sea current model on the filter. The performance of the designed aided navigation filter is verified using a simulation and the improvement rate of the filter compared to the pure navigation is analyzed. The performance of single model filter is improved when the sea current model is correct. However, when the sea current model is incorrect, the performance decreases. On the other hands, IMM model filter methods show the stable performance compared to the single model.